scholarly journals Total Hip Bone Area Affects Fracture Prediction With FRAX® in Canadian White Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (11) ◽  
pp. 4242-4249 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D Leslie ◽  
Lisa M Lix ◽  
Sumit R Majumdar ◽  
Suzanne N Morin ◽  
Helena Johansson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Women ◽  
Fracture Prediction ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Total Hip

scholarly journals Effect of Total Hip Bone Area on Osteoporosis Diagnosis and Fractures

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1468-1476 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D Leslie ◽  
James F Tsang ◽  
Lisa M Lix
Keyword(s):  
Bone Area ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Osteoporosis Diagnosis

scholarly journals Type 2 diabetes and Change in Total Hip Bone Area and Bone Mineral Density in Elderly Swedish Men and Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Mitchell ◽  
Tove Fall ◽  
Håkan Melhus ◽  
Lars Lind ◽  
Karl Michaëlsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Hip

Abstract Context In a cross-sectional study, we found an association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and smaller bone area together with a greater bone mineral density (BMD) at the total hip. Objective To investigate these associations longitudinally, by studying T2DM status (no T2DM n=1521, incident T2DM n=119 or prevalent T2DM n=106) in relation to changes in total hip bone area and BMD. Methods In three cohorts, the Swedish Mammography Cohort Clinical (SMCC; n=1060, Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS; n=483) and Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM; n=203), with repeat assessment of T2DM status and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements of total hip bone area and BMD on average 8 years apart, a linear regression model was used to assess the effect of T2DM status on change in bone area and BMD at the total hip. Results After meta-analysis, the change in bone area at the total hip was 0.5% lower among those with incident T2DM compared to those without T2DM (-0.18 cm 2 [95% CI -0.30, -0.06]). The change in bone area was similar among those with prevalent T2DM compared to those without (0.00 cm 2 [95% CI -0.13, 0.13]). For BMD, the combined estimate was 0.004 g/cm 2 (95% CI -0.006, 0.014) among those with incident T2DM and 0.010 g/cm 2 (95% CI -0.000, 0.020) among those with prevalent T2DM, compared to those without T2DM. Conclusion Those with incident T2DM have a lower expansion in bone area at the total hip compared to those without T2DM.

Abstract 15085: Association Between Bone Mineral Density and Incident Heart Failure in a Biracial Cohort of Older Adults: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Gao ◽  
Raymond B Fohtung ◽  
Sheena Patel ◽  
Shuo Xu ◽  
Peggy M Cawthon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Black Men ◽  
White Women ◽  
White Men ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Body Composition Study ◽  
Health Aging ◽  
Composition Study

Background: Osteoporosis and heart failure (HF) are age-related disorders that share some pathogenetic features and may influence each other. Previous studies have suggested an association between bone mineral density (BMD) and HF risk, which may be race-dependent. We sought to further investigate race- and sex-specific associations of BMD with HF in a longitudinal study of older adults. Methods: We evaluated the relationship between BMD and HF in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study, a sample of community-dwelling adults aged 70-79. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the total hip and femoral neck, and in half the cohort by computed tomography of the spine. Analyses were stratified a priori by sex and race, and Cox models were used to estimate risk after adjustment for potential confounders. Results: Of 2835 participants, 572 (49% women, 42% black) developed HF during a median follow up of 12.2 years. Lower BMD of the total hip by DXA was associated with higher risk of HF in black women (adj. HR 1.84 [95% CI, 1.43 - 2.37] per SD decrement), with suggestion of lower risk in black men that was not significant (adj. HR 0.81 [0.64 - 1.02]). Corresponding analyses failed to reveal significant associations in white women (adj. HR 0.86 [0.71-1.04]) or white men (adj. HR 1.10 [0.93 - 1.30]). There were a significant interaction of total hip BMD by sex among blacks (p=0.002), but not whites (p=0.363), as well as by race among women (p=0.026) and men (p=0.049). Relationships of BMD of the femoral neck were similar in all groups. Likewise, lower volumetric BMD of the spine was associated with higher risk in black women (adj. HR 1.34 [1.02 - 1.77] per SD decrement), but there were no significant associations in black men (adj. HR 0.91 [0.78 - 1.18]), white women (adj. HR 0.83 [0.64 - 1.08]), or white men (adj. HR 1.17 [0.95 - 1.44]). Conclusions: Among a biracial cohort of older adults, lower BMD was associated with higher risk of HF in black women, with no clear evidence of an association in white women or in men of either race. Further research is needed to understand the factors that may account for the particular association in black women, and whether these can be leveraged for therapeutic intervention.

scholarly journals Fasting glucose, bone area and bone mineral density: a Mendelian randomisation study

Diabetologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Mitchell ◽  
Susanna C. Larsson ◽  
Tove Fall ◽  
Håkan Melhus ◽  
Karl Michaëlsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Mendelian Randomisation ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Glucose Levels

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Observational studies indicate that type 2 diabetes mellitus and fasting glucose levels are associated with a greater risk for hip fracture, smaller bone area and higher bone mineral density (BMD). However, these findings may be biased by residual confounding and reverse causation. Mendelian randomisation (MR) utilises genetic variants as instruments for exposures in an attempt to address these biases. Thus, we implemented MR to determine whether fasting glucose levels in individuals without diabetes are causally associated with bone area and BMD at the total hip. Methods We selected 35 SNPs strongly associated with fasting glucose (p < 5 × 10−8) in a non-diabetic European-descent population from the Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related traits Consortium (MAGIC) (n = 133,010). MR was used to assess the associations of genetically predicted fasting glucose concentrations with total hip bone area and BMD in 4966 men and women without diabetes from the Swedish Mammography Cohort, Prospective Investigation of Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors and Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men. Results In a meta-analysis of the three cohorts, a genetically predicted 1 mmol/l increment of fasting glucose was associated with a 2% smaller total hip bone area (−0.67 cm2 [95% CI −1.30, −0.03; p = 0.039]), yet was also associated, albeit without reaching statistical significance, with a 4% higher total hip BMD (0.040 g/cm2 [95% CI −0.00, 0.07; p = 0.060]). Conclusions/interpretation Fasting glucose may be a causal risk factor for smaller bone area at the hip, yet possibly for greater BMD. Further MR studies with larger sample sizes are required to corroborate these findings. Graphical abstract

Factors Influencing Electrophysiologic Responsivity in Normal Adults

1965 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-347
Author(s):  
Robert Goldstein ◽  
Benjamin RosenblÜt
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Stimulus ◽  
White Light ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Alpha Rhythm ◽  
White Women ◽  
White Men ◽  
Inverse Relation ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Electrodermal Responses ◽  
Normal Adults

Electrodermal and electroencephalic responsivity to sound and to light was studied in 96 normal-hearing adults in three separate sessions. The subjects were subdivided into equal groups of white men, white women, colored men, and colored women. A 1 000 cps pure tone was the conditioned stimulus in two sessions and white light was used in a third session. Heat was the unconditioned stimulus in all sessions. Previously, an inverse relation had been found in white men between the prominence of alpha rhythm in the EEG and the ease with which electrodermal responses could be elicited. This relation did not hold true for white women. The main purpose of the present study was to answer the following questions: (1) are the previous findings on white subjects applicable to colored subjects? (2) are subjects who are most (or least) responsive electrophysiologically on one day equally responsive (or unresponsive) on another day? and (3) are subjects who are most (or least) responsive to sound equally responsive (or unresponsive) to light? In general, each question was answered affirmatively. Other factors influencing responsivity were also studied.

Race Difference in Auditory Sensitivity

1964 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Shepherd ◽  
Robert Goldstein ◽  
Benjamin Rosenblüt
Keyword(s):  
White Women ◽  
White Men ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Auditory Sensitivity ◽  
Race Difference ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Auditory Thresholds ◽  
Békésy Audiometry ◽  
Method Of Adjustment ◽  
Better Than

Two separate studies investigated race and sex differences in normal auditory sensitivity. Study I measured thresholds at 500, 1000, and 2000 cps of 23 white men, 26 white women, 21 negro men, and 24 negro women using the method of limits. In Study II thresholds of 10 white men, 10 white women, 10 negro men, and 10 negro women were measured at 1000 cps using four different stimulus conditions and the method of adjustment by means of Bekesy audiometry. Results indicated that the white men and women in Study I heard significantly better than their negro counterparts at 1000 and 2000 cps. There were no significant differences between the average thresholds measured at 1000 cps of the white and negro men in Study II. White women produced better auditory thresholds with three stimulus conditions and significantly more sensitive thresholds with the slow pulsed stimulus than did the negro women in Study II.

Total Hip Arthroplasty: Good News, Bad News

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
MARY ANN MOON
Keyword(s):  
Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
Bad News ◽  
Good News ◽  
Total Hip

Ethnic Differences in Self-Poisoning Across South London

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-272
Author(s):  
Sean Cross ◽  
Dinesh Bhugra ◽  
Paul I. Dargan ◽  
David M. Wood ◽  
Shaun L. Greene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
White Women ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Managing Risk ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Minority Ethnic

Background: Self-poisoning (overdose) is the commonest form of self-harm cases presenting to acute secondary care services in the UK, where there has been limited investigation of self-harm in black and minority ethnic communities. London has the UK’s most ethnically diverse areas but presents challenges in resident-based data collection due to the large number of hospitals. Aims: To investigate the rates and characteristics of self-poisoning presentations in two central London boroughs. Method: All incident cases of self-poisoning presentations of residents of Lambeth and Southwark were identified over a 12-month period through comprehensive acute and mental health trust data collection systems at multiple hospitals. Analysis was done using STATA 12.1. Results: A rate of 121.4/100,000 was recorded across a population of more than half a million residents. Women exceeded men in all measured ethnic groups. Black women presented 1.5 times more than white women. Gender ratios within ethnicities were marked. Among those aged younger than 24 years, black women were almost 7 times more likely to present than black men were. Conclusion: Self-poisoning is the commonest form of self-harm presentation to UK hospitals but population-based rates are rare. These results have implications for formulating and managing risk in clinical services for both minority ethnic women and men.

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