scholarly journals Maximum probability directed blind phase search for PS-QAM with variable shaping factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zexin Chen ◽  
Songnian Fu ◽  
Ming Tang ◽  
Zhang Zhenrong ◽  
Yuwen Qin
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Probability

scholarly journals Insectivorous songbirds as early indicators of future defoliation by spruce budworm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Germain ◽  
Daniel Kneeshaw ◽  
Louis De Grandpré ◽  
Mélanie Desrochers ◽  
Patrick M. A. James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Maximum Probability ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Probability Of Presence ◽  
Time Lagged ◽  
One Year ◽  
Local Sampling

Abstract Context Although the spatiotemporal dynamics of spruce budworm outbreaks have been intensively studied, forecasting outbreaks remains challenging. During outbreaks, budworm-linked warblers (Tennessee, Cape May, and bay-breasted warbler) show a strong positive response to increases in spruce budworm, but little is known about the relative timing of these responses. Objectives We hypothesized that these warblers could be used as sentinels of future defoliation of budworm host trees. We examined the timing and magnitude of the relationships between defoliation by spruce budworm and changes in the probability of presence of warblers to determine whether they responded to budworm infestation before local defoliation being observed by standard detection methods. Methods We modelled this relationship using large-scale point count surveys of songbirds and maps of cumulative time-lagged defoliation over multiple spatial scales (2–30 km radius around sampling points) in Quebec, Canada. Results All three warbler species responded positively to defoliation at each spatial scale considered, but the timing of their response differed. Maximum probability of presence of Tennessee and Cape May warbler coincided with observations of local defoliation, or provided a one year warning, making them of little use to guide early interventions. In contrast, the probability of presence of bay-breasted warbler consistently increased 3–4 years before defoliation was detectable. Conclusions Early detection is a critical step in the management of spruce budworm outbreaks and rapid increases in the probability of presence of bay-breasted warbler could be used to identify future epicenters and target ground-based local sampling of spruce budworm.

Distributionally robust maximum probability shortest path problem

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashed Khanjani-Shiraz ◽  
Ali Babapour-Azar ◽  
Zohreh Hosseini-Noudeh ◽  
Panos M. Pardalos
Keyword(s):  
Shortest Path ◽  
Shortest Path Problem ◽  
Maximum Probability ◽  
Distributionally Robust

A Note on a Lower Bound for the Multiplicative Odds Theorem of Optimal Stopping

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (03) ◽  
pp. 885-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomomi Matsui ◽  
Katsunori Ano
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bound ◽  
Optimal Stopping ◽  
Secretary Problem ◽  
Bernoulli Trials ◽  
Optimal Stopping Problem ◽  
Maximum Probability ◽  
Optimal Stopping Rule ◽  
Optimal Probability ◽  
Optimal Stopping Theory ◽  
Special Case

In this note we present a bound of the optimal maximum probability for the multiplicative odds theorem of optimal stopping theory. We deal with an optimal stopping problem that maximizes the probability of stopping on any of the last m successes of a sequence of independent Bernoulli trials of length N, where m and N are predetermined integers satisfying 1 ≤ m < N. This problem is an extension of Bruss' (2000) odds problem. In a previous work, Tamaki (2010) derived an optimal stopping rule. We present a lower bound of the optimal probability. Interestingly, our lower bound is attained using a variation of the well-known secretary problem, which is a special case of the odds problem.

scholarly journals Selecting a sequence of last successes in independent trials

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Thomas Bruss ◽  
Davy Paindaveine
Keyword(s):  
Approximate Solution ◽  
Convenient Method ◽  
Probability Space ◽  
Maximum Probability ◽  
Optimal Rule ◽  
Unknown Number ◽  
Multiple Stopping ◽  
Indicator Functions ◽  
Independent Indicator ◽  
Independent Trials

Let I1,I2,…,In be a sequence of independent indicator functions defined on a probability space (Ω, A, P). We say that index k is a success time if Ik = 1. The sequence I1,I2,…,In is observed sequentially. The objective of this article is to predict the lth last success, if any, with maximum probability at the time of its occurrence. We find the optimal rule and discuss briefly an algorithm to compute it in an efficient way. This generalizes the result of Bruss (1998) for l = 1, and is equivalent to the problem of (multiple) stopping with l stops on the last l successes. We then extend the model to a larger class allowing for an unknown number N of indicator functions, and present, in particular, a convenient method for an approximate solution if the success probabilities are small. We also discuss some applications of the results.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI IRIS MENGGUNAKAN IMPROVED LEVENBERG-MARQUARDT

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Rocky Yefrenes Dillak
Keyword(s):  
Hough Transform ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Correct Recognition ◽  
Gray Level ◽  
Maximum Probability ◽  
Circular Hough Transform ◽  
Marquardt Algorithm ◽  
Levenberg Marquardt ◽  
Correct Recognition Rate

Sistem biometrika adalah suatu sistem pengenalan diri menggunakan bagian tubuh atau perilaku manusia seperti sidik jari, telapak tangan, telinga, retina, iris mata, wajah, suhu tubuh, tanda tangan, dll. Iris mata merupakan salah satu biometrika yang sangat stabil, handal, akurat dan merupakan metode autentikasi biometrika tercepat  oleh karena itu merupakan suatu topik penelitian yang sangat diminati oleh banyak peneliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan suatu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi secara otomatis seseorang berdasarkan citra iris mata miliknya menggunakan jaringan syaraf tiruan levenberg-marquardt. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deteksi tepi cany dan circular hough transform untuk segmentasi wilayah iris yang terletak diantara pupil dan sclera serta metode ekstraksi ciri gray level cooccurence matrix (GLCM) yang digunakan untuk ekstraksi ciri. Ciri-ciri tersebut adalah maximum probability, correlation, contrast, energy, homogeneity, dan entropy. Ciri-ciri tersebut kemudian dilatih menggunakan jaringan syaraf tiruan dengan aturan pembelajaran levenberg–marquardt algorithm untuk mengidentifikasi seseorang berdasarkan citra irisnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan 150 data citra iris yang masing-masing terbagi atas 100 data citra iris untuk pelatihan dan 50 data citra iris  untuk pengujian. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang dilakukan diperoleh correct recognition rate (CRR) sebesar 99.98%  yang menunjukkan bahwa metode ini dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi secara otomatis seseorang berdasarkan citra iris mata miliknya.

scholarly journals A series of five population-specific Indian brain templates and atlases spanning ages 6 to 60 years

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharath Holla ◽  
Paul A. Taylor ◽  
Daniel R. Glen ◽  
John A. Lee ◽  
Nilakshi Vaidya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Morphology ◽  
Good Representation ◽  
List Type ◽  
Spatial Normalization ◽  
Maximum Probability ◽  
Total N ◽  
Brain Scans ◽  
Native Space ◽  
Probability Map ◽  
Population Average

AbstractAnatomical brain templates are commonly used as references in neurological MRI studies, for bringing data into a common space for group-level statistics and coordinate reporting. Given the inherent variability in brain morphology across age and geography, it is important to have templates that are as representative as possible for both age and population. A representative-template increases the accuracy of alignment, decreases distortions as well as potential biases in final coordinate reports. In this study, we developed and validated a new set of T1w Indian brain templates (IBT) from a large number of brain scans (total n=466) acquired across different locations and multiple 3T MRI scanners in India. A new tool in AFNI, make_template_dask.py, was created to efficiently make five age-specific IBTs (ages 6-60 years) as well as maximum probability map (MPM) atlases for each template; for each age-group’s template-atlas pair, there is both a “population-average” and a “typical” version. Validation experiments on an independent Indian structural and functional-MRI dataset show the appropriateness of IBTs for spatial normalization of Indian brains. The results indicate significant structural differences when comparing the IBTs and MNI template, with these differences being maximal along the Anterior-Posterior and Inferior-Superior axes, but minimal Left-Right. For each age-group, the MPM brain atlases provide reasonably good representation of the native-space volumes in the IBT space, except in a few regions with high inter-subject variability. These findings provide evidence to support the use of age and population-specific templates in human brain mapping studies. This dataset is made publicly available (https://hollabharath.github.io/IndiaBrainTemplates).HighlightsA new set of age-specific T1w Indian brain templates for ages 6-60 yr are developed and validated.A new AFNI tool, make_template_dask.py, for the creation of group-based templates.Maximum probability map atlases are also provided for each template.Results indicate the appropriateness of Indian templates for spatial normalization of Indian brains

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