Vapor-Phase Spectra and the Pressure-Temperature Dependence of Long-Chain Carboxylic Acids Studied by a CO Laser and the Photoacoustic Heat-Pipe Detector

1995 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 994-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk Jalink ◽  
Dane Bicanic ◽  
Mladen Franko ◽  
Zoltán Bozóki
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Capric Acid ◽  
Spectral Studies ◽  
Clapeyron Equation ◽  
Co Laser ◽  
Phase Spectra ◽  
Long Chain

A resonant photoacoustic heat-pipe (PAHP) cell was constructed and used for spectral studies of four long-chain saturated fatty acids (C10:0 to C16:0) at CO laser wavelengths and temperatures above that of the ambient. Vapor-phase absorption spectra were recorded at temperatures of 383 K for capric acid C10H20O2, 400 K for lauric acid C12H24O2, 438 K for myristic acid C14H28O2, and 445.5 K for palmitic acid C16H32O2, respectively. In addition, the temperature dependence (298 to 393 K) of vapor pressure was determined for C10:0; measurable PA signals were obtained at a temperature only a few degrees above the melting point for this acid. The data observed for C10:0 could be linearly fitted from as low as 323 K, indicating the validity of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation for temperatures lower than the 398 K < T < 541.4 K range anticipated so far.

scholarly journals Long-chain saturated fatty acids in breast milk are associated with the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis via induction of inflammatory ILC3s

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weng Sheng Kong ◽  
Naohiro Tsuyama ◽  
Hiroko Inoue ◽  
Yun Guo ◽  
Sho Mokuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Interleukin 17 ◽  
Immune System Development ◽  
Molecular Patterns ◽  
Damage Associated Molecular Patterns ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractBreastfeeding influences the immune system development in infants and may even affect various immunological responses later in life. Breast milk provides a rich source of early nutrition for infant growth and development. However, the presence of certain compounds in breast milk, related to an unhealthy lifestyle or the diet of lactating mothers, may negatively impact infants. Based on a cohort study of atopic dermatitis (AD), we find the presence of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) activity in the mother’s milk. By non-targeted metabolomic analysis, we identify the long-chain saturated fatty acids (LCSFA) as a biomarker DAMPs (+) breast milk samples. Similarly, a mouse model in which breastfed offspring are fed milk high in LCSFA show AD onset later in life. We prove that LCSFA are a type of damage-associated molecular patterns, which initiate a series of inflammatory events in the gut involving type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s). A remarkable increase in inflammatory ILC3s is observed in the gut, and the migration of these ILC3s to the skin may be potential triggers of AD. Gene expression analysis of ILC3s isolated from the gut reveal upregulation of genes that increase ILC3s and chemokines/chemokine receptors, which may play a role in ILC migration to the skin. Even in the absence of adaptive immunity, Rag1 knockout mice fed a high-LCSFA milk diet develop eczema, accompanied by increased gut ILC3s. We also present that gut microbiota of AD-prone PA milk-fed mice is different from non-AD OA/ND milk-fed mice. Here, we propose that early exposure to LCSFAs in infants may affect the balance of intestinal innate immunity, inducing a highly inflammatory environment with the proliferation of ILC3s and production of interleukin-17 and interleukin-22, these factors may be potential triggers or worsening factors of AD.

Abstract MP014: Very Long Chain Saturated Fatty Acids and Diabetes Risk: Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies in the FORCE Consortium

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Fretts ◽  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
Chaoyu Yu ◽  
Alexis C Frazier-Wood ◽  
Maria Lankinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Arachidic Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Incident Diabetes ◽  
Long Chain

Background: Circulating saturated fatty acids are biomarkers of diet and metabolism that may influence the pathogenesis of diabetes. Unlike palmitic acid (16:0), which has been extensively studied, little is known of the relationship of very long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLSFAs), with 20 carbons or more, to diabetes risk. Objective: To investigate the associations of circulating levels of VLSFA with incident diabetes. Methods: A meta-analysis was conducted within a consortium of prospective (cohort or nested case-control) studies having circulating measures of one or more VLSFAs, including arachidic acid (20:0), behenic acid (22:0) and lignoceric acid (24:0). Standardized analysis was conducted in each study using pre-specified models, exposures, outcomes, and covariates. Study-specific estimates were pooled using fixed effects meta-analysis. Results: Current findings were based on 9 participating studies, including 46,549 total participants and 13,750 incident diabetes. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, higher levels of all 3 VLSFAs were associated with lower risk of incident diabetes. Pooled RRs (95% CI) per interquintile range were 0.80 (0.71-0.90) for 20:0; 0.83 (0.76-0.91) for 22:0; and 0.70 (0.63-0.79) for 24:0, after adjustment for demographics, lifestyle factors and clinical conditions. Additional adjustments for circulating palmitic acid and triglyceride levels moved the RRs toward the null (illustrated for 24:0, in model 3 of the Figure ). Conclusions: Based on meta-analysis of results from several studies around the world, biomarker levels of VLSFA are associated with lower risk of incident diabetes, potentially mediated by effects on circulating triglycerides and 16:0.

scholarly journals Oral Cavity Discrimination of Vapor-Phase Long-Chain 18-Carbon Fatty Acids

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 595-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Wajid ◽  
B. P. Halpern
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Growth Temperature Dependence of Eu-Doped GaN Grown by Organometallic Vapor Phase Epitaxy

2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 671-674
Author(s):  
Atsushi NISHIKAWA ◽  
Takashi KAWASAKI ◽  
Naoki FURUKAWA ◽  
Yoshikazu TERAI ◽  
Yasufumi FUJIWARA
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Vapor Phase ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Vapor Phase Epitaxy ◽  
Organometallic Vapor Phase Epitaxy ◽  
Growth Temperature Dependence

scholarly journals Nrf2 affects the efficiency of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation

2014 ◽  
Vol 457 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marthe H. R. Ludtmann ◽  
Plamena R. Angelova ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Andrey Y. Abramov ◽  
Albena T. Dinkova-Kostova
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Mitochondrial Fatty Acid ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidation ◽  
Long Chain

Transcription factor Nrf2 affects fatty acid oxidation; the mitochondrial oxidation of long-chain (palmitic) and short-chain (hexanoic) saturated fatty acids is depressed in the absence of Nrf2 and accelerated when Nrf2 is constitutively activated, affecting ATP production and FADH2 utilization.

scholarly journals Plasma Ceramides and Sphingomyelins in Relation to Atrial Fibrillation Risk: The Cardiovascular Health Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul N. Jensen ◽  
Amanda M. Fretts ◽  
Andrew N. Hoofnagle ◽  
Colleen M. Sitlani ◽  
Barbara McKnight ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Behenic Acid ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Long Chain

Background Ceramides exhibit multiple biological activities that may influence the pathophysiological characteristics of atrial fibrillation (AF). Whether the length of the saturated fatty acid carried by the ceramide or their sphingomyelin precursors are associated with AF risk is not known. Methods and Results Among 4206 CHS (Cardiovascular Health Study) participants (mean age, 76 years; 40% men) who were free of prevalent AF at baseline, we identified 1198 incident AF cases over a median 8.7 years of follow‐up. We examined 8 sphingolipid species: ceramide and sphingomyelin species with palmitic acid and species with very‐long‐chain saturated fatty acids: arachidic; behenic; and lignoceric. In adjusted Cox regression analyses, ceramides and sphingomyelins with very‐long‐chain saturated fatty acids were associated with reduced AF risk (ie, per 2‐fold higher ceramide with behenic acid hazard ratio, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.59–0.86; sphingomyelin with behenic acid hazard ratio, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.46–0.77). In contrast, ceramides and sphingomyelins with palmitic acid were associated with increased AF risk (ceramide with palmitic acid hazard ratio, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.03–1.66; sphingomyelin with palmitic acid hazard ratio, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.18–2.55). Associations were attenuated with adjustment for NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide), but did not differ significantly by age, sex, race, body mass index, or history of coronary heart disease. Conclusions Our findings suggest that several ceramide and sphingomyelin species are associated with incident AF, and that these associations differ on the basis of the fatty acid. Ceramides and sphingomyelins with palmitic acid were associated with increased AF risk, whereas ceramides and sphingomyelins with very‐long‐chain saturated fatty acids were associated with reduced AF risk.

scholarly journals Fast Diffusion of Very Long Chain Saturated Fatty Acids across a Bilayer Membrane and Their Rapid Extraction by Cyclodextrins

2009 ◽  
Vol 284 (48) ◽  
pp. 33296-33304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biju K. Pillai ◽  
Ravi Jasuja ◽  
Jeffrey R. Simard ◽  
James A. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Bilayer Membrane ◽  
Fast Diffusion ◽  
Rapid Extraction ◽  
Long Chain

The Pressure of CO2 Crystal Melting Temperature Dependence

2014 ◽  
Vol 887-888 ◽  
pp. 935-938
Author(s):  
Shuai Zhang ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Zhi Shuai Wu ◽  
Shang Wu Hou
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Order Phase Transition ◽  
Melting Curve ◽  
Clapeyron Equation ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
Crystal Melting ◽  
First Order Phase

This paper is based on the CO2crystal as an example, through the two reasonable simplification ΔH(T,P) ΔH(T) and ΔV(T,P) ΔV(P) into the Clapeyron equation to calculate the melting curve. Because the Clapeyron equation can describe all the first-order phase transition, accordingly it is determining the material T-P diagram provides a new way.

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