Investigation of False Positive Results with an Oral Fluid Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody Test

Objective: Identify factors associated with false-positive rapid HIV antibody tests. Design: This retrospective cohort study with nested case–controls involved patients tested for HIV by Boston Medical Center (BMC) affiliates. Methods: Cases had a reactive fingerstick OraQuick ADVANCE rapid HIV 1/2 antibody test and a negative Western blot. Controls had nonreactive rapid tests. We compared the prevalence of HIV risk factors between cases and the total nonreactive population and the prevalence of other clinical factors between cases and controls. Results: Of the 15 094 tests, 14 937 (98.9%) were negative and 11 (0.07%) were false positives (specificity of 99.9%). Cases were more likely to have had an HIV-infected sex partner and to be tested at certain sites compared to true negatives. More cases than controls had O-negative blood type. Conclusion: O-negative blood type and sex with an HIV-infected person may increase false-positive HIV fingerstick results. More targeted studies should examine these risk factors.

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High incidence of false-positive results of IgG antibody against SARS-CoV-2 with rapid immunochromatographic antibody test due to human common cold coronavirus infection

Respiratory Medicine Case Reports ◽

10.1016/j.rmcr.2020.101180 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 101180

Author(s):

Shun Shibata ◽

Takashi Ishiguro ◽

Yasuhito Kobayashi ◽

Mayumi Koike ◽

Tsuyoshi Numano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Common Cold ◽

False Positive ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

High Incidence ◽

Coronavirus Infection ◽

Positive Results

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False-positive results with select HIV-1 NAT methods following lentivirus-based tisagenlecleucel therapy

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood-2017-12-822940 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 131 (23) ◽

pp. 2596-2598 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Theodore W. Laetsch ◽

Shannon L. Maude ◽

Michael C. Milone ◽

Kara L. Davis ◽

Joerg Krueger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

False Positive ◽

Positive Results ◽

Hiv 1

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Performance of OraQuick Advance® Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody Test for detection of antibodies in oral fluid and serum/plasma in HIV-1+ subjects carrying different HIV-1 subtypes and recombinant variants

Journal of Clinical Virology ◽

10.1016/j.jcv.2009.04.002 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 150-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

África Holguín ◽

Maite Gutiérrez ◽

Nieves Portocarrero ◽

Pablo Rivas ◽

Margarita Baquero

Keyword(s):

Oral Fluid ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Hiv 1

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Acceptability of Oral-fluid rapid HIV 1 and 2 antibody test among selected key populations in Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka Journal of Sexual Health and HIV Medicine ◽

10.4038/joshhm.v3i0.59 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (0) ◽

pp. 24

Author(s):

D. A. Karawita ◽

S. U. B. Tennakoon ◽

S. Suranga ◽

M. S. W. Dissanayake

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Oral Fluid ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Key Populations ◽

Hiv 1

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Identification of False-Positive Syphilis Antibody Results Using a Semiquantitative Algorithm

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology ◽

10.1128/cvi.05066-11 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 1038-1040 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Belinda Yen-Lieberman ◽

Juliet Daniel ◽

Cathy Means ◽

Joan Waletzky ◽

Thomas M. Daly

Keyword(s):

False Positive ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Test Results ◽

Repeat Testing ◽

Screening Algorithm ◽

Low Prevalence ◽

Syphilis Serology ◽

Positive Results ◽

Potential False Positive

ABSTRACTScreening patients for syphilis serology using a “treponemal assay-first” approach presents unique challenges, particularly when applied to low-prevalence populations. The use of a screening algorithm that incorporates semiquantitative values from treponemal antibody test results can help to identify potential false-positive results while requiring a minimum of repeat testing.

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Post-Study Point-of-Care Oral Fluid Testing in HIV-1 Vaccinees

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa606 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Karina Oganezova ◽

Elvin J Fontana-Martinez ◽

Jon A Gothing ◽

Alisha Pandit ◽

Esther Kwara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Tests ◽

Oral Fluid ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Cross Reactivity ◽

Fourth Generation ◽

Hiv Screening ◽

Hiv Test ◽

Hiv 1

Abstract Background Experimental HIV-1 vaccines frequently elicit antibodies against HIV-1 which may react with commonly used HIV diagnostic tests, a phenomenon known as vaccine-induced seropositivity/seroreactivity (VISP/VISR). We sought to determine under clinic conditions if a patient-controlled HIV test, OraQuick ADVANCE Rapid HIV-1/2 Antibody Test, detected HIV-1 vaccine-induced antibodies. Methods Plasma assessment of HIV-1 cross-reactivity was examined in end-of-study samples from 57 healthy, HIV-uninfected participants who received a candidate vaccine which has entered Phase 2B and 3 testing. We also screened 120 healthy, HIV-uninfected, unblinded HIV-1 vaccine participants with VISP/VISR for an assessment using saliva. These participants came from 21 different parent vaccine protocols representing 17 different vaccine regimens, all of which contained an HIV-1 envelope immunogen. OraQuick ADVANCE was compared to results from concurrent blood samples using a series of commercial HIV screening immunoassays. Results Fifty-seven unique participant plasma samples were assayed in vitro and only one (1.8%) was reactive by OraQuick ADVANCE. None of the 120 clinic participants (0%, [95% CI 0% to 3.7%]) tested positive by OraQuick ADVANCE and all were confirmed to be uninfected by HIV-1 viral RNA testing. 118 of the 120 (98.3%) participants had a reactive HIV test for VISP/VISR: 77 (64%) had at least one reactive fourth-generation HIV-1 diagnostic test (p<0.0001 vs no reactive OraQuick ADVANCE results) and 41 (34%) only had a reactive test by the less specific third-generation Abbott Prism assay. Conclusion These data suggest that this widely available patient-controlled test has limited reactivity to HIV-1 antibodies elicited by these candidate HIV-1 vaccines.

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Comparative diagnostics of Cattle leukemia by ELISA method in test kits of various constructions

Veterinary Medicine: inter-departmental subject scientific collection ◽

10.36016/vm-2019-105-6 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 32-36

Author(s):

B. T. Stegniy ◽

A. I. Zavgorodniy ◽

S. K. Gorbatenko ◽

O. M. Kornieikov ◽

M. Yu. Stegniy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

False Positive ◽

Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽

Leukemia Virus ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Virus Antibody ◽

Specific Antibodies ◽

Test Kit ◽

Diagnostic Capacity ◽

Cattle Blood ◽

Positive Results

The purpose of the work was to carry out comparative analysis of the positive and negative on leukemia cattle blood sera in ELISA kits of different constructions. Research was carried out using “DIA®-BLV-Ab” kit, in which the reaction had been performed in the indirect ELISA, and “ID Screen® BLV Competition” kit in a competitive format. There were used 15 cattle blood sera for testing, in which antibodies to BLV were confirmed in the ID and the ELISA “Bovine leukemia virus antibody test kit” (IDEXX), as well as 10 positive cattle blood sera confirmed in ID, 10 weak positive sera tested in ID and 10 sera with a weak line of precipitate in ID, 34 negative for leukemia blood sera tested in ID, from which 24 were also tested in the ELISA “Bovine leukemia virus antibody test kit”. The “DIA®-BLV-Ab” kit and “ID Screen® BLV Competition” kit determined positive 25 blood sera with antibodies to BLV, which were positive in ID, and 15 samples were also confirmed in IDEXX test kit. When analyzing 10 sera, that were weak positive in ID, the “DIA®-BLV-Ab” kit determined 8 sera as positive and 2 samples as negative. The “ID Screen® BLV Competition” kit detected specific antibodies to all sera. When analyzing 14 sera with a weak precipitate line in ID, the “DIA®-BLV-Ab” kit determined 9 samples as positive and 5 as negative. The “ID Screen® BLV Competition” determined specific antibodies in 11 samples When analyzing 3 sera, the test result was negative in both ELISA kits. The “DIA®-BLV-Ab” kit determined as negative all 34 sera, which were negative in ID, 24 samples from them were negative in IDEXX test kit. In the “ID Screen® BLV Competition” kit 5 false positive results were received. Studies have shown that both test kits have a high diagnostic capacity and detect antibodies to BLV at different concentrations in all positive sera. The “DIA®-BLV-Ab” kit determined 34 sera as negative, in which specific antibodies were absent, and the “ID Screen® BLV Competition” kit identified 5 samples with a false positive result

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Updated Clinical Evaluation of the CLUNGENE® Rapid COVID-19 Antibody Test

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9091124 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1124

Author(s):

Christopher C. Lamb ◽

Fadi Haddad ◽

Christopher Owens ◽

Alfredo Lopez-Yunez ◽

Marion Carroll ◽

...

Keyword(s):

False Positive ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Rapid Test ◽

Antibody Test ◽

Cross Reactivity ◽

Blood Collection ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Antibody Testing ◽

Reactivity Study ◽

Positive Results

Background: COVID-19 antibody testing has been shown to be predictive of prior COVID-19 infection and an effective testing tool. The CLUNGENE® SARS-COV-2 VIRUS (COVID-19) IgG/IgM Rapid Test Cassette was evaluated for its utility to aide healthcare professionals. Method: Two studies were performed by using the CLUNGENE® Rapid Test. (1) An expanded Point-of-Care (POC) study at two clinical sites was conducted to evaluate 99 clinical subjects: 62 positive subjects and 37 negative subjects were compared to RT-PCR, PPA, and NPA (95% CI). Sensitivity was calculated from blood-collection time following symptom onset. (2) A cross-reactivity study was performed to determine the potential for false-positive results from other common infections. Results: The specificity of subjects with confirmed negative COVID-19 by RT-PCR was 100% (95% CI, 88.4–100.0%). The sensitivity of subjects with confirmed positive COVID-19 by RT-PCR was 96.77% (95% CI, 88.98–99.11%). In the cross-reactivity study, there were no false-positive results due to past infections or vaccinations unrelated to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Conclusion: There is a need for a rapid, user-friendly, and inexpensive on-site monitoring system for diagnosis. The CLUNGENE® Rapid Test is a useful diagnostic test that provides results within 15 min, without high-complexity laboratory instrumentation.

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