Sex Work during the 2010 FIFA World Cup: Results from a Three-Wave Cross-Sectional Survey

Much research work on victims of sex work, including studies employing feminist perspectives, focuses on sex work as either being a ‘victimless crime’, or women as victims, leaving the victimization of children as direct and proximate victims relatively unexplored. The practice of commercial sex work in Nigeria is illegal; however, sex business thrives in most urban centres with considerable prevalence of red-light districts. Brothels, strip clubs and other sex-oriented businesses that constitute red-light districts are usually located in neighbourhoods where people that have no business with sex work live with their families. This present study, therefore, moves to expose the risks and vulnerabilities of children living in red-light areas. Drawing on social disorganization and learning theories, an analytical cross-sectional survey of residents of neighbourhoods where commercial sex work thrives within the city of Ibadan was conducted. Fifty-seven family men and women living in red-light areas with their children were purposively selected to provide data for the qualitative study. The rate of children’s engagement in premarital sex, consumption of illicit drugs, alcoholic intake, stealing, street fighting, and school dropout was found to be a factor of their intimacy with sex work and workers in red-light areas. The study concludes that children who grow up in red-light areas are more vulnerable to being physically, emotionally, sexually abused and exploited than children who do not live in such areas. Regulation of sex work activities and prioritizing of child protection issues were suggested.

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Sexual health and the Rugby World Cup 2011: a cross-sectional study of sexual health clinics in New Zealand

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh12076 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 466 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Rebecca Psutka ◽

Patricia Priest ◽

Nigel Dickson ◽

Jennie Connor ◽

Sunita Azariah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Sexual Health ◽

Chlamydial Infection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Clinic ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

World Cup ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Sexual Health Clinics

Background We aimed to describe the characteristics of sexual health clinic (SHC) attendance and sexually transmissible infection (STI) diagnoses during the Rugby World Cup (RWC) in New Zealand in 2011. Methods: SHC attendance and STI diagnoses around the time of the RWC were compared with the 5 preceding years. A cross-sectional survey conducted at SHCs in four New Zealand cities collected information from attendees having RWC-related sex. Results: Although there was no statistically significant increase in clinic attendance or STI diagnoses during the RWC compared with previous years, in these four cities, 151 individuals of 2079 attending SHCs for a new concern reported RWC-related sex. The most frequently diagnosed STIs were chlamydial infection (Chlamydia trachomatis), genital warts and genital herpes. Most attendees (74%) who had RWC-related sex had consumed three or more alcoholic drinks; 22% had used a condom. Seven percent of women reported nonconsensual sex. RWC-related sex was associated with an increased risk of STI diagnoses in men: gonorrhoea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae): relative risk (RR) = 4.9 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.1–11.4); nonspecific urethritis: RR = 2.8 (95% CI: 1.3–5.9); chlamydial infection: RR = 1.8 (95% CI: 1.1–2.9). Using a condom was associated with a reduced risk (RR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1–0.9) of diagnosis with any STI among those having RWC-related sex. Conclusions: These findings highlight issues that are amenable to prevention. The continued promotion of condoms as well as a reduction in the promotion and availability of alcohol at such events may reduce sexual health risks as well as other harm.

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Female sex work and international sport events - no major changes in demand or supply of paid sex during the 2010 Soccer World Cup: a cross-sectional study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/1471-2458-12-763 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Marlise Richter ◽

Stanley Luchters ◽

Dudu Ndlovu ◽

Marleen Temmerman ◽

Matthew Francis Chersich

Keyword(s):

Sex Work ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

World Cup ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Sex ◽

Sport Events ◽

International Sport ◽

Female Sex Work

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IDENTIFICATION AND PREVENTION OF EXPECTED CYBERSECURITY THREATS DURING 2022 FIFA WORLD CUP IN QATAR

Journal of Poverty, Investment and Development ◽

10.47604/jpid.1135 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 49-84

Author(s):

Nasser AL-Dosari Khalifa

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Principal Component ◽

Perceived Quality ◽

Learning Technologies ◽

Future Research ◽

World Cup ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fifa World Cup

Purpose: This research aimed to identify cybersecurity threats expected at the upcoming FIFA World Cup in Qatar in 2022 and assess how they can be prevented. Methodology: This was done by adopting a quantitative research design and survey strategy with 167 respondents from Qatar. The respondents were purposively sampled from the event industry, and a Likert scale was used to quantify the responses for further statistical analysis. The quantitative data collected was analysed using the SPSS version 25 for data analysis. A hypothesis was tested as to whether the perceived expected cybersecurity threats are significantly associated with the perceived quality of measures to tackle these threats. The testing was done using multiple methods, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and cross-sectional linear regression analysis. Further analysis was done using One-way ANOVA and correlation analysis, as well as, independent samples t-test. Descriptive statistics, such as percentages and frequencies were used, with tables and charts used in presenting the findings. Findings: The results revealed high loadings of potential cyberattacks on sponsors, fans, online ticket sales, government and the FIFA website based on the PCA. The regression analysis revealed a statistically significant association between the perception of the cybersecurity risks and perceived quality of measures undertaken to address the cyber threats. The research was limited, however, by not covering technical issues of cybersecurity, including the development of improvements to current security systems, which presents an area for future research with the implementation of machine learning technologies, big data and AI training. Contribution: The study provided recommendations for policymakers to invest in technologies for the protection of sensitive data, including online databases and hiring competent specialists in the field of cybersecurity. To address the risks for fans, policymakers are recommended to start a campaign aimed at increasing the awareness of cyberattacks on personal and financial information at large events.

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MOTIVATIONS FOR ENTRY INTO SEX WORK AND HIV RISK AMONG MOBILE FEMALE SEX WORKERS IN INDIA

Journal of Biosocial Science ◽

10.1017/s0021932011000277 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 43 (5) ◽

pp. 535-554 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

NIRANJAN SAGGURTI ◽

RAVI K. VERMA ◽

SHIVA S. HALLI ◽

SUVAKANTA N. SWAIN ◽

RAJENDRA SINGH ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Work ◽

Hiv Risk ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Female Sex Workers ◽

Economic Conditions ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Inconsistent Condom ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Sex ◽

Family Tradition

SummaryThis paper assesses the reasons for entry into sex work and its association with HIV risk behaviours among mobile female sex workers (FSWs) in India. Data were collected from a cross-sectional survey conducted in 22 districts across four high HIV prevalence states in India during 2007–2008. Analyses were limited to 5498 eligible mobile FSWs. The reasons given by FSWs for entering sex work and associations with socio-demographic characteristics were assessed. Reported reasons for entering sex work include poor or deprived economic conditions; negative social circumstances in life; own choice; force by an external person; and family tradition. The results from multivariate analyses indicate that those FSWs who entered sex work due to poor economic conditions or negative social circumstances in life or force demonstrated elevated levels of current inconsistent condom use as well as in the past in comparison with those FSWs who reported entering sex work by choice or family tradition. This finding indicates the need for a careful assessment of the pre-entry contexts among HIV prevention interventions since these factors may continue to hinder the effectiveness of efforts to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS in India and elsewhere.

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Prevalence of soft-tissue lesions among women in sex work in the red light area of Pune, India: A cross-sectional survey

Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry ◽

10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_46_18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 218

Author(s):

Shrikanth Muralidharan ◽

Arunkumar Acharya ◽

Tejaswi Sevekari ◽

Sanaa Wadwan ◽

NoopurRajiv Joglekar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Sex Work ◽

Red Light ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Soft Tissue Lesions ◽

Light Area

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Exploring associations between place of sex work and HIV vulnerabilities among sex workers in Jamaica

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/0956462420948408 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (12) ◽

pp. 1186-1194

Author(s):

Carmen H Logie ◽

Ying Wang ◽

Patrick Lalor ◽

Davina Williams ◽

Kandasi Levermore ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Work Environment ◽

Sex Work ◽

Sex Workers ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Hiv Transmission ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Police Harassment ◽

Hiv Serostatus

Sex workers’ work environment shapes HIV transmission dynamics. We applied the Structural HIV Determinants Framework to examine associations between the work environment of public spaces and HIV infection risks among sex workers in Jamaica, considering macro-structural (police harassment) and intrapersonal (depression) pathways. We implemented a cross-sectional survey with sex workers in Kingston, Ocho Rios, Montego Bay, and nearby towns in Jamaica. We conducted structural equation modeling to examine direct and indirect associations between place of sex work on HIV serostatus via mediators of police harassment and depression. Results indicate that public place of sex work had a significant indirect effect on self-reported HIV-positive serostatus; depression and police harassment mediated this relationship. Findings suggest that in contexts of criminalization, the sex work environment can elevate exposure to police violence and depression, in turn increasing HIV vulnerabilities.

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