scholarly journals Carbonic anhydrase III (Car3) is not required for fatty acid synthesis and does not protect against high-fat diet induced obesity in mice

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. e0176502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah W. Renner ◽  
Lauren M. Walker ◽  
Lawrence J. Forsberg ◽  
Jonathan Z. Sexton ◽  
Jay E. Brenman
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase Iii ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Obesity In Mice

scholarly journals Lipidomic profiling of high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice: Importance of cytochrome P450-derived fatty acid epoxides

Obesity ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weicang Wang ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Weipeng Qi ◽  
Haixia Yang ◽  
Chang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Obesity In Mice

scholarly journals Deepure Tea Improves High Fat Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-Na Deng ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Hong-Na Mu ◽  
Yu-Ying Liu ◽  
Ming-Xia Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
High Fat ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

This study was to explore the protective effects of Deepure tea against insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis and elucidate the potential underlying molecular mechanisms. C57BL/6 mice were fed with a high fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks to induce the metabolic syndrome. In the Deepure tea group, HFD mice were administrated with Deepure tea at 160 mg/kg/day by gavage for 14 days. The mice in HFD group received water in the same way over the same period. The age-matched C57BL/6 mice fed with standard chow were used as normal control. Compared to the mice in HFD group, mice that received Deepure tea showed significantly reduced plasma insulin and improved insulin sensitivity. Deepure tea increased the expression of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS-2), which plays an important role in hepatic insulin signaling pathway. Deepure tea also led to a decrease in hepatic fatty acid synthesis and lipid accumulation, which were mediated by the downregulation of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthesis (FAS), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) proteins that are involved in liver lipogenesis. These results suggest that Deepure tea may be effective for protecting against insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis via modulating IRS-2 and downstream signaling SREBP-1c, FAS, and ACC.

Triterpene alcohols and sterols from rice bran lower postprandial glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide release and prevent diet-induced obesity in mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 117 (11) ◽  
pp. 1337-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Fukuoka ◽  
Fumiaki Okahara ◽  
Kohjiro Hashizume ◽  
Kiyotaka Yanagawa ◽  
Noriko Osaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Triterpene Alcohols ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Obesity In Mice

Obesity is now a worldwide health problem. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a gut hormone that is secreted following the ingestion of food and modulates energy metabolism. Previous studies reported that lowering diet-induced GIP secretion improved energy homeostasis in animals and humans, and attenuated diet-induced obesity in mice. Therefore, food-derived GIP regulators may be used in the development of foods that prevent obesity. Rice bran oil and its components are known to have beneficial effects on health. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to clarify the effects of the oil-soluble components of rice bran on postprandial GIP secretion and obesity in mice. Triterpene alcohols [cycloartenol (CA) and 24-methylene cycloartanol (24Me)], β-sitosterol, and campesterol decreased the diet-induced secretion of GIP in C57BL/6J mice. Mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with a triterpene alcohol and sterol preparation (TASP) from rice bran for 23 wk gained less weight than control mice. Indirect calorimetry revealed that fat utilization was higher in TASP-fed mice than in control mice. Fatty acid oxidation-related gene expression in the muscles of mice fed a TASP-supplemented diet was enhanced, whereas fatty acid synthesis-related gene expression in the liver was suppressed. The treatment of HepG2 cells with CA and 24Me decreased the gene expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c. In conclusion, we clarified for the first time that triterpene alcohols and sterols from rice bran prevented diet-induced obesity by increasing fatty acid oxidation in muscles and decreasing fatty acid synthesis in the liver through GIP-dependent and GIP-independent mechanisms.

scholarly journals The effect of dietary fat on lipogenesis in mammary gland and liver from lactating and virgin mice

1969 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 807-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Smith ◽  
Harriet T. Gagné ◽  
Dorothy R. Pitelka ◽  
S. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
High Fat ◽  
C3h Mice ◽  
Parenchymal Cells

1. Virgin and lactating C3H mice maintained on laboratory chow were transferred to a high-fat (15% corn oil) or a fat-free diet 3 days before being killed. 2. The linoleate content of liver, mammary gland and milk was decreased in lactating mice given the fat-free diet but was increased in those fed on the high-fat diet. Changes in linoleate content and mammary gland followed a similar but much less marked trend in virgin animals. 3. Hepatic fatty acid synthesis in lactating and virgin mice fed on the fat-free diet was higher than in corresponding animals fed on either the chow or the high-fat diet. The lipogenic capacity of livers from mice fed on either the chow or the high-fat diet was greater in lactating than in virgin animals. These changes in hepatic lipogenic capacity were accompanied by alterations in the specific activities of certain enzymes involved in fat synthesis. 4. Mammary gland from virgin and lactating animals showed no such adaptation to dietary fat. Results indicate that fatty acid synthesis in neither mammary-gland parenchymal cells nor mammary-gland adipose cells can be influenced by dietary fat in the same way as in the hepatocyte.

scholarly journals Cissus quadrangularis Extracts Decreases Body Fat Through Regulation of Fatty acid Synthesis in High-fat Diet-induced Obese Mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hae Jin Lee ◽  
Dong-Ryung Lee ◽  
Bong-Keun Choi ◽  
Sung-Bum Park ◽  
Ying-Yu Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cissus Quadrangularis

scholarly journals Maternal high fat diet induces impaired polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis in adult female offspring in rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 70 (OCE4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Hoile ◽  
N. A. Irvine ◽  
C. Kelsall ◽  
C. Torrens ◽  
K. A. Lillycrop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals High fat intake lowers hepatic fatty acid synthesis and raises fatty acid oxidation in aerobic muscle in Shetland ponies

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne N. J. Geelen ◽  
Cristina Blázquez ◽  
Math J. H. Geelen ◽  
Marianne M. Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan ◽  
Anton C. Beynen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Supplementation ◽  
Cpt I ◽  
Fat Feeding

The metabolic effects of feeding soyabean oil instead of an isoenergetic amount of maize starch plus glucose were studied in ponies. Twelve adult Shetland ponies were given a control diet (15 g fat/kg DM) or a high-fat diet (118 g fat/kg DM) according to a parallel design. The diets were fed for 45 d. Plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) concentrations decreased by 55 % following fat supplementation. Fat feeding also reduced glycogen concentrations significantly by up to 65 % in masseter, gluteus and semitendinosus muscles (P<0·05, P<0·01 and P<0·01 respectively). The high-fat diet significantly increased the TAG content of semitendinosus muscle by 80 % (P<0·05). Hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase activities were 53 % (P<0·01) and 56 % (P<0·01) lower respectively in the high-fat group, but diacylglycerol acyltransferase activity was unaffected. Although carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (CPT-I) activity in liver mitochondria was not influenced, fat supplementation did render CPT-I less sensitive to inhibition by malonyl-CoA. There was no significant effect of diet on the activity of phosphofructokinase in the different muscles. The activity of citrate synthase was raised significantly (by 25 %; P<0·05) in the masseter muscle of fat-fed ponies, as was CPT-I activity (by 46 %; P<0·01). We conclude that fat feeding enhances both the transport of fatty acids through the mitochondrial inner membrane and the oxidative capacity of highly-aerobic muscles. The higher oxidative ability together with the depressed rate of de novo fatty acid synthesis in liver may contribute to the dietary fat-induced decrease in plasma TAG concentrations in equines.

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