scholarly journals Migrants in transit through Mexico to the US: Experiences with violence and related factors, 2009-2015

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. e0220775 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Leyva-Flores ◽  
Cesar Infante ◽  
Juan Pablo Gutierrez ◽  
Frida Quintino-Perez ◽  
MariaJose Gómez-Saldivar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Related Factors ◽  
The Us ◽  
In Transit

scholarly journals Efficacy of Medical Operations and Layout Planning Onboard Nontraditional US Navy Vessels at High Seas

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron Lindemann ◽  
Tuan Hoang ◽  
Eric Pierce ◽  
Reginald Franciose ◽  
Mathew Pena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Damage Control ◽  
Link Analysis ◽  
Emergency Rooms ◽  
Delivery Of Care ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Navy ◽  
Naval Ship ◽  
Surgical Teams ◽  
In Transit ◽  
High Seas

Abstract Introduction: Attempting to expedite delivery of care to wounded war fighters, this study aimed to quantify the ability of medical and surgical teams to perform lifesaving damage control and resuscitation procedures aboard nontraditional US Navy Vessels on high seas. Specifically, it looked at the ability of the teams to perform procedures in shipboard operating and emergency rooms by analyzing motion of personnel during the procedures. Methods: One hundred and twelve damage control and resuscitation procedures were performed during a voyage of the US Naval Ship Brunswick in transit from Norfolk, Virginia, to San Diego, California. The ability of personnel to perform these procedures was quantified by the use of motion link analysis designed to track the movement of each participant as they completed their assigned tasks. Results: The link analysis showed no significant change in the number of movements of participants from the beginning to the end of the study. However, there was a learning effect observed during the study, with teams completing tasks faster at the end of the study than at the beginning. Conclusion: This shows that the working conditions aboard the US Naval Ship Brunswick were satisfactory for the assigned tasks, indicating that these medical operations may be feasible aboard nontraditional US Navy vessels.

scholarly journals Understanding and use of food labeling systems among Whites and Latinos in the United States and among Mexicans: Results from the International Food Policy Study, 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Nieto ◽  
Alejandra Jáuregui ◽  
Alejandra Contreras-Manzano ◽  
Edna Arillo-Santillan ◽  
Simón Barquera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Food Labeling ◽  
Nutrition Labeling ◽  
Warning Label ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Stop Sign ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
The Us

Abstract Background Obesity and chronic diseases could be prevented through improved diet. Most governments require at least one type of food labeling system on packaged foods to communicate nutrition information and promote healthy eating. This study evaluated adult consumer understanding and use of nutrition labeling systems in the US and Mexico, the most obese countries in the world. Methods Adults from online consumer panels in the US (Whites n = 2959; Latinos n = 667) and in Mexico (n = 3533) were shown five food labeling systems: 1. Nutrition Facts Table (NFT) that shows nutrients of concern per serving; 2. Guideline Daily Amounts (GDA) that shows levels of nutrients of concern; 3. Multiple Traffic-Light (MTL) that color codes each GDA nutrient (green = healthy; yellow = moderately unhealthy; red = unhealthy); 4. Health Star Rating System (HSR) that rates foods on a single dimension of healthiness; 5. Warning Label (WL) with a stop sign for nutrients present in unhealthy levels. Participants rated each label on understanding (“easy”/“very easy to understand” vs “difficult”/“very difficult to understand”), and, for NFTs and GDAs, frequency of use (“sometimes”/“often” vs “never”). Mixed logistic models regressed understanding and frequency of use on indicators of labeling systems (NFT = ref), testing for interactions by ethnicity (US Latinos, US Whites, Mexicans), while controlling for sociodemographic and obesity-related factors. Results Compared to the NFT, participants reported greater understanding of the WL (OR = 4.8; 95% CI = 4.4–5.3) and lower understanding of the HSR (OR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.31–0.37) and the MTL (OR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.52–0.61), with similar patterns across ethnic subgroups. Participants used GDAs less often than NFTs (OR = 0.48; 95%CI = 0.41–0.55), with the greatest difference among US Whites (OR = 0.10; 95%CI = 0.07–0.14). Conclusions Understanding and use of the GDA was similar to that of the NFT. Whites, Latinos, and Mexicans consistently reported the best understanding for WLs, a FOPL that highlights unhealthfulness of a product. Therefore, a FOPL summary indicator, such as WLs, may be more effective in both the US and Mexico for guiding consumers towards informed food choices.

Physician decisions related to maintenance therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the United States (US).

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 182-182
Author(s):  
Suzanne Lane ◽  
Sarah Goring ◽  
Kerstin Mueller ◽  
Lisa M. Hess ◽  
Ana Belen Oton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Treatment Response ◽  
Severe Renal Impairment ◽  
Treatment Guideline ◽  
The United States ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Patient Profile ◽  
Therapy Decision ◽  
The Us ◽  
Therapy Recommendation

182 Background: In 2006, maintenance therapy was added as a treatment guideline for patients with advanced non-squamous (nsq) NSCLC. This study aimed to identify patient- and disease-related factors that impact maintenance therapy decision making. Methods: An online discrete choice survey was administered to physicians currently managing patients with advanced nsq NSCLC in the US. Physicians viewed 12 patient profiles differing in levels of the following attributes: 1st line treatment response (complete, partial, stable, progression), adverse events during 1st line therapy (none, mild, moderate, severe), comorbidities (none, mild renal, severe renal, other), patient motivation/convenience (+/+, +/-, -/+, -/-), patient insurance co-pay rate (0, 5, 10, 20%), and age (45, 58, 68, 80 years). No specific maintenance treatments were stated. For each profile, physicians indicated if they would recommend maintenance therapy. Recommendations were analyzed using a mixed-effects logistic regression model. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to estimate the relative odds of a maintenance therapy recommendation for levels of each attribute. Results: The survey was completed by 100 physicians (81% male; mean years of experience: 15.4). The study design was balanced and orthogonal. Maintenance therapy was recommended for 75% of the profiles; 98% of physicians recommended maintenance therapy for at least 1 profile, with 26% recommending it for all profiles. The odds of recommending maintenance therapy were significantly lower when the patient profile included disease progression relative to stable response (OR: 0.17; p<0.01), severe renal impairment relative to no comorbidities (OR: 0.38; p<0.01), or low motivation/convenience relative to high motivation/convenience (OR: 0.25; p<0.01). The odds also decreased with increasing age (OR: 0.97 per year increase in age; p<0.01). Conclusions: Treatment response, age, motivation/convenience, and comorbidities were relevant factors for physicians when recommending maintenance therapy. Physicians report recommending maintenance even in the presence of less desirable patient and disease characteristics indicative of a real world setting.

Molecular genetic, host-derived and clinical determinants of long-term survival in glioblastoma: First results from the ETERNITY study (EORTC 1419).

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2056-2056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Weller ◽  
Guido Reifenberger ◽  
Emilie Le Rhun ◽  
Jennifer Leigh Clarke ◽  
Riccardo Soffietti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Large Patient ◽  
The Us

2056 Background: Glioblastoma represents the most aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, and less than 5% of patients survive 5 years from diagnosis. Factors influencing this long-term survival are poorly understood. Methods: In cooperation with the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) in Brussels, Belgium, more than 20 clinical sites in the US, Europe and Australia have registered patients with centrally confirmed glioblastoma who survived ≥ 5 years, collecting clinical data including therapy and quality of life-related factors, as well as biospecimens allowing to analyse molecular and immunological parameters. Results: At the cut-off of December 31, 2018, 392 patients were registered, of which 232 had glioblastoma confirmed by central pathology review; 59 dropped out due to histology other than glioblastoma. Glioblastomas were isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype in 70.7% and had a positive O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promotor methylation status in 75.9%. Median age at diagnosis was 52 years (range: 21-77 years). There was enrichment for patients with gross total resection. Further analyses are ongoing. Conclusions: In a comprehensive effort, the consortium funded by the US Brain Tumor Funders’ Collaborative characterizes factors modulating long-term survival in glioblastoma in a unique large patient cohort. Clinical trial information: NCT 03770468.

scholarly journals Mental Wellbeing in Laboratory Animal Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study of Compassion Fatigue, Contributing Factors, and Coping Mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela S Randall ◽  
Carly M Moody ◽  
Patricia V Turner
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Compassion Fatigue ◽  
Laboratory Animal ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
The Us

Compassion fatigue (CF) is a topic of increasing concern because it can affect the mental wellbeing of caregivers, includingthose caring for or using research animals. If unaddressed, compassion fatigue may adversely impact the quality of life forpersonnel working with animals in research settings and may influence their decision to remain in the field. This study useda cross-sectional anonymous online questionnaire to 1) examine compassion fatigue in individuals working with research animals in Canada and the US; 2) better understand how personal and work-related factors may influence feelings of CF; 3) assess coping mechanisms used to deal with CF; and 4) determine the beneficial components of a CF support program. A questionnaire was sent to laboratory animal professionals in Canada and the US via email listserves to survey the general population of laboratory animal workers and personnel working for a large North American contract research organization (CRO). A total of 422 responses were received and analyzed (n = 154 from the general population, n = 268 from the CRO). Most participants were female (73%, 309/422); 66% (101/154) and 69% (184/268) of the general laboratory animal science respondents and the CRO respondents, respectively, reported experiencing feelings of CF. Survey participants indicated that the most influential work-related factors associated with feelings of CF were understaffing, close relationships with experimental animals, a lack of resources for coping with CF, poor relationships with superiors, and lack of training in managing CF. Respondents indicated that the most influential personal factors contributing to feelings of CF were poor mental and physical health. The most commonly reported beneficial coping mechanisms were talking to a trusted individual, getting away from work, practicing self-care strategies, increasing opportunities for physical activity, and owning or caring for companion animals.

Smokeless Tobacco Use and Related Factors: A Study in the US Military Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Lin ◽  
Kangmin Zhu ◽  
Aida M. Soliván-Ortiz ◽  
Stacy L. Larsen ◽  
Thomas R. Schneid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Us Military ◽  
The Us ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco Use

Rape, transactional sex and related factors among migrants in transit through Mexico to the USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1145-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Infante ◽  
René Leyva-Flores ◽  
Juan Pablo Gutierrez ◽  
Frida Quintino-Perez ◽  
Cristian Armando Torres-Robles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transactional Sex ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
The Usa ◽  
In Transit

Considering online consumer reviews to predict movie box-office performance between the years 2009 and 2014 in the US

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1010-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Han Hu ◽  
Wen-Ming Shiau ◽  
Sheng-Pao Shih ◽  
Cho-Ju Chen
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Box Office ◽  
Performance Predictions ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One ◽  
Box Office Performance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to combine basic movie information factors, external factors and review factors, to predict box-office performance and identify the most crucial factor of influence for box-office performance. Design/methodology/approach Five movie genres and first-week movie reviews found on IMDb were collected. The movie reviews were quantified using sentiment analysis tools SentiStrength and Stanford CoreNLP, in which quantified data were combined with basic movie information and external environment factors to predict movie box-office performance. A movie box-office performance prediction model was then developed using data mining (DM) technologies with M5 model trees (M5P), linear regression (LR) and support vector regression (SVR), after which movie box-office performance predictions were made. Findings The results of this paper showed that the inclusion of movie reviews generated more accurate prediction results. Concerning movie review-related factors, the one that exhibited the greatest effect on box-office performance was the number of movie reviews made, whereas movie review content only displayed an effect on box-office performance for specific movie genres. Research limitations/implications Because this paper collected movie data from the IMDb, the data were limited and primarily consisted of movies released in the USA; data pertaining to less popular movies or those released outside of the USA were, thus, insufficient. Practical implications This paper helps to verify whether the consideration of the features extracted from movie reviews can improve the performance of movie box-office. Originality/value Through various DM technologies, this paper shows that movie reviews enhanced the accuracy of box-office performance predictions and the content of movie reviews has an effect on box-office performance.

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