Evaluation of the relationship between non-caries cervical lesions and the tooth and periodontal tissue: An ex-vivo study using micro-computed tomography

Abstract The relationship of the main foramen to the anatomic root apex has been the subject of several studies. Although they are anatomically close, they rarely coincide, and their distance can vary according to age or tooth type, ranging from 0.2 to 3.0 mm. The aim of this short communication was to evaluate the distance between the main foramen of independent middle mesial canals (MMCs) and the anatomical mesial root apex of mandibular first molars using the micro-computed tomography. Twenty-five mandibular first molars with MMCs were scanned (resolution of 9.9 µm), and the distance from its main foramen to the anatomical apex was evaluated. Overall, the distance ranged from 0.2 to 2.4 mm; however, in 3 specimens the distance was greater than 3 mm. This report demonstrates that the exit of the main foramen of the MMC varies considerably and could approach a substantial distance from the anatomical apex greater than previously reported in the literature.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of vertical magnification coefficients of potential dental implant site in cone-beam computed tomography images: An ex vivo study

SRM Journal of Research in Dental Sciences ◽

10.4103/srmjrds.srmjrds_129_20 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 61

Author(s):

Bilgun Cetin ◽

Faruk Akgunlu

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Dental Implant ◽

Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Computed Tomography Images ◽

Ex Vivo Study

Download Full-text

Correlation of Micro-Computed Tomography Assessment of Valvular Mineralisation with Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Features of Calcific Aortic Valve Disease

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9010029 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 29

Author(s):

Guillermo Solache-Berrocal ◽

Ana María Barral-Varela ◽

Sheila Areces-Rodríguez ◽

Alejandro Junco-Vicente ◽

Aitana Vallina-Álvarez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Aortic Valve ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Macrophage Infiltration ◽

Micro Computed Tomography ◽

Calcific Aortic Valve Disease ◽

Calcium Deposits

Aortic valve stenosis is a serious disease with increasing prevalence in developed countries. Research aimed at uncovering the molecular mechanisms behind its main cause, aortic valve calcification, is thus crucial for the development of future therapies. It is frequently difficult to measure the extent of mineralisation in soft tissues and some methods require the destruction of the sample. Micro-computed tomography (µCT), a non-destructive technique, was used to quantify the density and volume of calcium deposits on cusps from 57 explanted aortic valves. Conventional and immunostaining techniques were used to characterise valve tissue degeneration and the inflammatory and osteogenic stage with several markers. Although most of the analysed cusps came from severe stenosis patients, the µCT parameter bone volume/tissue volume ratio distinguished several degrees of mineralisation that correlated with the degree of structural change in the tissue and the amount of macrophage infiltration as determined by CD68 immunohistochemistry. Interestingly, exosomal markers CD63 and Alix co-localised with macrophage infiltration surrounding calcium deposits, suggesting that those vesicles could be produced at least in part by these immune cells. In conclusion, we have shown that the ex vivo assessment of aortic valve mineralisation with µCT reflects the molecular and cellular changes in pathological valves during progression towards stenosis. Thus, our results give additional validity to quantitative μCT as a convenient laboratory tool for basic research on this type of cardiovascular calcification.

Download Full-text