scholarly journals The effects of chronic diseases on plutonium urinary excretion in former workers of the Mayak Production Association

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242151
Author(s):  
Klara G. Suslova ◽  
Alexander V. Efimov ◽  
Alexandra B. Sokolova ◽  
Bruce A. Napier ◽  
Scott C. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Production Association ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Radiochemical Analysis ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Mayak Production Association ◽  
Excretion Rates ◽  
Clinical Records

The radiochemical analysis of plutonium activity in urine is the main method for indirect estimation of doses of internal exposure from plutonium incorporation in professional workers. It was previously shown that late-in-life acute diseases, particularly those that affect the liver, can promote accelerated rates of release of plutonium from the liver with enhanced excretion rates. This initial study examines the relationships of some chronic diseases on plutonium excretion as well as the terminal relative distribution of plutonium between the liver and skeleton. Fourteen cases from former workers at the Mayak Production Association (Mayak PA) who provided from 4–9 urine plutonium bioassays for plutonium, had an autopsy conducted after death, and had sufficient clinical records to document their health status were used in this study. Enhanced plutonium excretion was associated with more serious chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and other diseases that involved the liver. These chronic diseases were also associated with relatively less plutonium found in the liver relative to the skeleton determined by analyses conducted after autopsy. These data further document health conditions that affect plutonium biokinetics and organ deposition and retention patterns and suggest that health status should be considered when conducting plutonium bioassays as these may alter subsequent dosimetry and risk models.

MODIFYING EFFECTS OF HEALTH STATUS, PHYSIOLOGICAL, AND DOSIMETRIC FACTORS ON EXTRAPULMONARY ORGAN DISTRIBUTION AND EXCRETION OF INHALED PLUTONIUM IN WORKERS AT THE MAYAK PRODUCTION ASSOCIATION

2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
K G. Suslova ◽  
V F. Khokhryakov ◽  
Z B. Tokarskaya ◽  
A P. Nifatov ◽  
A B. Sokolova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Production Association ◽  
Organ Distribution ◽  
Mayak Production Association

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Factors and Health Status Disparities Associated with Difficulty in ADLs and IADLs among Long-Lived Populations in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110072
Author(s):  
Júlia Cristina Leite Nóbrega ◽  
Juliana Barbosa Medeiros ◽  
Tácila Thamires de Melo Santos ◽  
Saionara Açucena Vieira Alves ◽  
Javanna Lacerda Gomes da Silva Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To evaluate the association between socioeconomic factors, health status, and Functional Capacity (FC) in the oldest senior citizens in a metropolis and a poor rural region of Brazil. Method: Cross-sectional study of 417 seniors aged ≥80 years, data collected through Brazil’s Health, Well-being and Aging survey. FC assessed by self-reporting of difficulties in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed using “R” statistical software. Results: Socioeconomic and demographic inequalities in Brazil can influence FC in seniors aged 80 years and older. Comparatively, urban long-lived people had a higher prevalence of difficulties for ADLs and rural ones showed more difficulties for IADLs. Among urban oldest seniors, female gender and lower-income were correlated with difficulties for IADLs. Among rural oldest seniors, female gender, stroke, joint disease, and inadequate weight independently were correlated with difficulties for ADLs, while the number of chronic diseases was associated with difficulties for IADLs. Conclusion: Financial constraints may favor the development of functional limitations among older seniors in large urban centers. In poor rural areas, inadequate nutritional status and chronic diseases may increase their susceptibility to functional decline.

UNCERTAINTIES ANALYSIS OF DOSES RESULTING FROM CHRONIC INHALATION OF PLUTONIUM AT THE MAYAK PRODUCTION ASSOCIATION

2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
M P. Krahenbuhl ◽  
J D. Bess ◽  
J L. Wilde ◽  
V V. Vostrotin ◽  
K G. Suslova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Association ◽  
Mayak Production Association

scholarly journals PRO2 SELF-REPORTED HEALTH STATUS PREDICTORS OF MEDICATION ADHERENCE IN OLDER ADULTS WITH CHRONIC DISEASES

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. A169
Author(s):  
R Balkrishnan ◽  
SS Jayawant ◽  
MJ Bhosle ◽  
RT Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Self Reported Health Status

Contemporary Aspects of Training in Vocational Secondary Schools and Students’ Health

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
EI Shubochkina ◽  
EG Blinova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Vocational Schools ◽  
Medical Support ◽  
Second Year

Introduction: Current vocational secondary education (VSE) in Russia is characterized by a focus on practical training (as part of dual training) aimed at improving professional competencies of graduates. It also demonstrates negative trends in adolescent health, which requires optimization and development of specific algorithms of medical support for students aged 14–22 years and older appropriate to their academic and practical workload. Objective: To assess adaptation of college students to learning conditions, depending on their health status, and to substantiate ways of improving their health care. Material and methods: We retrieved and analyzed information from the database of multicenter studies conducted within the unified program of the National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health of the Russian Ministry of Health. Our sample included 197 first- and second-year college boys from the cities of Omsk and Moscow studying to become welders and auto mechanics. The quality of life, health and well-being indicators were evaluated according to the International Medical Outcomes Study 36-item short-form (MOS SF-36). The students were divided into subgroups based on their health status. The statistical processing complied with modern requirements and criteria of evidence-based medicine. Results: We established that vocational schools admitted a significant number of applicants with the above specialty preferences suffering from chronic diseases (21.1–26 %). Results of the questionnaire-based survey of future welders and car mechanics revealed difficulties in adaptation to the educational process of the students with chronic disorders expressed by lower quality of life indicators, frequent health complaints and feelings of fatigue, especially in second-year students who experience an increasing academic and practical workload. Conclusions: Students with chronic diseases mastering professions with hazardous working conditions represent population at risk, require health monitoring, determination of professional suitability, and control over the working conditions in industrial practice. The importance of protecting health of future professionals is determined by implementation of practice-based training in 42 % of vocational schools. Models of school medicine proposed to optimize health care in comprehensive schools can be adapted to conditions of secondary vocational facilities. Foreign studies have proved feasibility of an early onset of work-related diseases in certain occupations, even before completion of training, thus necessitating vocational guidance, professional medical advice, and development of an effective system of medical support for adolescents and students.

scholarly journals Introduction

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 135-136
Author(s):  
Siobhan O’Donnell
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Activity Limitations ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Health Related

We are pleased to bring you the second of two special issues on mood and anxiety disorders focussing on data from the 2014 Survey on Living with Chronic Diseases in Canada—Mood and Anxiety Disorder Component (SLCDC-MA). In December of 2016, we published the first issue, which included three articles describing various aspects of Canadian adults with a self-reported diagnosed mood and/or anxiety disorder including their sociodemographic characteristics, health status, activity limitations and level of disability and factors associated with well-being. The three articles in this (second) issue investigate topics related to the management of these disorders. Collectively, the articles explore key sociodemographic factors known to influence health-related outcomes and discuss strategies aimed at promoting the recovery and well-being of Canadian adults with a self-reported mood and/or anxiety disorder diagnosis.

scholarly journals Health Equity of Rural Residents in Southwest China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Mei Li ◽  
Jing Kou ◽  
Zhen Yu ◽  
Yuan-Yuan Xiao ◽  
Qiong Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Health Equity ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Hospitalization Rate ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Educational Levels

The Chinese government stresses healthcare reform to improve the health of all residents in urban and rural areas. However, much research showed that inequities still existed in health status and health services utilization in China, especially in economically disadvantaged areas. Southwest China's Yunnan Province is an ethnic frontier region with lagging economic development. This study analyzed health equity among rural residents with various socio-economic and demographic statuses in Yunnan Province. Research on this area concerns rural residents. Our study was based on a household study sample consisting of 27,395 participants from six counties in Yunnan. For all participants, data on demographic and socio-economic characteristics, and health status were collected. The chi-square test and logistic regression were used to analyze factors influencing health. The concentration index was used to evaluate health equity. For all respondents, the 2-week prevalence, the prevalence of chronic diseases, and the required hospitalization rate were 7.3, 12.8, and 9.2%, respectively. After adjusting the age proportion of the sixth population census of Yunnan Province, the 2-week prevalence was 7.1%, the prevalence of chronic disease was 10.7%, and the hospitalization rate was 8.4%. The concentration indexes (CIs) reflecting health equity among the respondents with different incomes and educational levels were negative. There was health inequity among respondents with different incomes and educational levels. The respondents with lower incomes and educational levels had worse health. The common influencing factors included gender, age, ethnicity, occupation, marriage status, and the number of family members. Females, the aged, ethnic minorities, farmers, and the divorced or widowed had worse health status than the control groups. Larger numbers of family members correlated with better health. The respondents with lower incomes or educational levels had higher chronic disease prevalences. The associations between the 2-week prevalence, required hospitalization rate, and age were U-shaped; the lowest age group and the highest age group had higher rates. In conclusion, more attention should be paid to females, the aged, ethnic minorities, farmers, the divorced or widowed, residents with low income and low educational level, and those with chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Acetaminophen Metabolism Revisited Using Non-Targeted Analyses: Implications for Human Biomonitoring

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur David ◽  
Jade Chaker ◽  
Thibaut Léger ◽  
Raghad Al-Salhi ◽  
Marlene Danner Dalgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Ii ◽  
Enterohepatic Circulation ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Human Biomonitoring ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Excretion Rates

The analgesic paracetamol (N-acetyl-4-aminophenol, APAP) is commonly used to relieve pain, fever and malaise. While sales have increased worldwide, a growing body of experimental and epidemiological evidence has suggested APAP as a possible risk factor for various health disorders. To perform internal exposure-based risk assessment, the use of accurate and optimized biomonitoring methods is criticical. However, retrospectively assessing pharmaceutical use of APAP in humans is challenging because of its short half-life. The objective of this study was to address the key biomonitoring issues with APAP using current standard analytical methods based on urinary analyses of free APAP and its phase II conjugates. Using non-targeted analyses based on high-resolution mass spectrometry, we identified in a controlled longitudinal exposure study with male volunteers, unrecognized APAP metabolites with delayed formation and excretion rates. We postulate that these metabolites are formed via the thiomethyl shunt after the enterohepatic circulation as already observed in rodents. Importantly, the conjugated thiomethyl metabolites were (i) of comparable diagnostic sensitivity as the free APAP and its phase II conjugates detected by current methods; (ii) had delayed peak levels in blood and urine compared to other APAP metabolites and therefore potentially extend the window of exposure assessment; and (iii) provide relevant information regarding metabolic pathways of interest from a toxicological point of view. Including these metabolites in future APAP biomonitoring methods provide an option to decrease potential underestimation of APAP use and challenges the notion that the standard methods in biomonitoring based exclusively on the parent compound and its phase II metabolites are adequate for human biomonitoring of non-persistant chemical such as APAP. <br>

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