scholarly journals Violence against physicians in Jordan: An analytical cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245192
Author(s):  
Ruba Alhamad ◽  
Aiman Suleiman ◽  
Isam Bsisu ◽  
Abeer Santarisi ◽  
Ahmad Al Owaidat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Workplace Abuse ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Type Of Abuse ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Background High numbers of violence incidents against physicians are reported annually in both developing and developed countries. In Jordan, studies conducted on healthcare workers involved small number of physicians and showed higher percentages of violence exposure when compared to other investigations from the Middle East. This is a large study aiming to comprehensively analyze the phenomenon in the physicians’ community to optimize future strategies countering it. Methods The study has a cross sectional, questionnaire-based design. It targeted 969 doctors from different types of healthcare Jordanian institutions in Amman, between May to July, 2019. The questionnaire was designed to evaluate properties of reported abuse cases in terms of abusers, timing, and type of abuse, in addition to the consequences of this abuse. Results Prevalence of exposure to violence in the last year among doctors was 63.1% (611 doctors). 423 (67.2%) of male doctors had an experience of being abused during the last 12 months, compared to 188 (55.3%) of females (p< 0.001). Governmental centers showed the highest prevalence. Among 356 doctors working in governmental medical centers, 268 (75.3%) reported being abused (p< 0.001), and they were more abused verbally (63.5%) and physically (10.4%) compared to other medical sectors (p <0.001). The mean score of how worried doctors are regarding violence at their workplace from 1 to 5 was 3.1 ± 1.3, and only 129 (13.3%) believed that they are protected by law. Conclusions The study emphasized on the higher rate of violence against physicians in the governmental sector, in addition to the negative effect of abuse on their performance. Moreover, male physicians had higher incidence of workplace abuse. Therefore, strategies that ease and promote the real application of anti-violence policies should become our future target.

scholarly journals Geographic and socioeconomic distribution of food vendors: a case study of a municipality in the Southern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Nappi Correa ◽  
Cristina Maria Proença Padez ◽  
Ângelo Horta de Abreu ◽  
Francisco de Assis Guedes de Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Distribution Profile ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The City

Abstract: The objective of this study was to identify the food vendor distribution profile of the city of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil, and investigate its association with the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of different municipal regions. This descriptive, cross-sectional study obtained the location of food vendors from secondary data from different institutional sources. The density of different types of food vendors per 1,000 inhabitants in each municipal weighted area was calculated. The Kruskal-Wallis test compared the mean density of food vendors and the weighted income areas. The lowest-income regions had the lowest density of butchers, snack bars, supermarkets, bakeries/pastry shops, natural product stores, juice bars, and convenience stores. The identification of these areas may encourage the creation of public policies that facilitate healthy food startups and/or maintenance of healthy food vendors, especially in the lowest-income regions.

scholarly journals GALL STONES;

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 386-390
Author(s):  
Alina Saqib ◽  
Saeed Sattar Shaikh ◽  
Jawad Mumtaz Sodhar
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Gall Stone ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gall Stones ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: Recognition of various gall stones in the patients attending surgicalOPD by biochemical analysis of gall stones. Study design: Cross sectional study. Place &duration of study: ISRA Hospital, Hyderabad and Institute of Biochemistry Sindh UniversityJamshoro. Duration of study was 18 months. Methods: Cases were patients with gall stones whowere diagnosed on ultrasonography. Gall stone analysis was done from Institute of BiochemistrySindh University Jamshoro. A total of sixty nine subjects were included in the study. Results: Inthe present study the mean Age was 35.81+ 8.12 years. Frequencies in different age groups are15-24 (11.60%), 25-34 (24.64%), 35-44 (53.63%), 45-54 (8.69%), 55-64 (01.45%). Age distributionis shown in Graph III-1. In the present study 49(71.0%) were females and 20(29%) were maleswith the female to male ration of 2.45:1. gender distribution is shown in Graph III-2. In the presentfrequencies of different types of gall stones was, cholesterol stones 38(55.07%), pigmentedstones 20(28.99%) and mixed type of stones 11(15.94%). Frequencies of different types of gallstones is shown in Graph III-3. Conclusions: In our study the frequency of cholesterol gall stoneis more as compared to pigmented and mixed gall stones. A total of 55.07% of cholesterolgallstones were found in our study with the female predominance.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Spiritual Health and Stress, Depression, and Anxiety in Hemodialysis Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Fanoodi ◽  
Hamed Aramjoo ◽  
Seyed Hossein Moosavian Khorasani ◽  
Amirhossein Saberi ◽  
Mostafa Ashrafipour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Spiritual Health ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standard Questionnaire ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
The Mean

Background: Chronic diseases confront the patient with questions about the meaning and the purpose of life, and many patients recognize spiritual health as a factor in creating meaning and purpose in life and improving the quality of life. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between spiritual health and stress, depression, and anxiety in hemodialysis patients of Birjand Special Diseases Center in 2019. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, using the census method, all the dialysis patients visiting Birjand Special Diseases Center, Iran, were examined. A three-part questionnaire was used to collect information in this study. The first part deals with patient demographic information (i.e., age, gender, marital status, degree, occupation, duration of dialysis per week, and medical history), the second part includes the DASS21 standard questionnaire, and the third part comprises the Ellison-Palutzian spiritual health standard questionnaire. Data analysis was performed by the Mann-Whitney, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: In this study, 119 hemodialysis patients were studied, of which 77 (64.7%) were male. The mean depression, anxiety, and stress scores of the participants in the study were 18.8 ± 7.52, 16.43 ± 7.13, and 19.36 ± 8.31, respectively. The mean spiritual health of the patients studied was 82.37 ± 12.12. The results showed a significant (P < 0.05) inverse relationship between spiritual health and depression, anxiety, and stress in the patients studied. Conclusions: The findings showed that patients with higher spiritual health scores experienced less anxiety, stress, and depression. Thus, more focus should be on improving the spiritual health of hemodialysis patients by medical staff in the process of admitting and dealing with them in hospitals and medical centers.

Eating Attitudes of Female Pharmacy students in Pakistan: a Cross-Sectional Psychometric Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Aqeel Aslam ◽  
Ushna Laraib ◽  
Iqra Afzal ◽  
Shingraf Zaib ◽  
Asma Riaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disturbed Eating ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Eat 26

The prevalence of eating disorders among University students has been on rise throughout the world. The present descriptive cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of eating disorders among the female students of pharmacy department at University of Sargodha, Pakistan using well established EAT-26 questionnaire. The study included 177 female undergraduate pharmacy students from all five years of Pharm D. An EAT-26 score over 20 was indicator of disturbed eating behavior. Out of the total 177 students who participated the study, 47 (26.6%) students had disturbed eating behavior. The mean EAT-26 score was 14.7. According to BMI calculations, 31.64% of total individuals were underweight, 59.32% normal, 6.78% overweight and 2.26% belonged to obese category. The prevalence of eating disorders was found to be much higher than the studies conducted at developed countries. There is an urgent need of an effort to increase awareness of such disorders among students and general public. Conduction of such study at other institutes and at larger scale is recommended.

Evaluation of the success rate and complications of conventional varicocelectomy: Do we need microscopic surgery really?

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Ameli ◽  
Milad Ahmadzadeh ◽  
Abdoljavad Khajavi ◽  
Mostafa Nabizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Testicular Atrophy ◽  
Microscopic Approach ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Microscopic Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Microscopic Surgery ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
The Mean

Objective: Varicocele is the most commonly curable cause of infertility in men. Varicocele is found in 15% of the total male population, 35% of men with primary infertility, and 75%–81% of men with secondary infertility. Generally, patients seek microscopic surgery via surfing the Internet, which is not an available option in all medical centers. The purpose of this study was to determine the success rate and complications of conventional varicocelectomy and to compare it with that of the microscopic method. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 88 patients with varicocele who underwent non-microscopic varicocele surgery in the 15th Khordad Hospital during 2013–2015 were evaluated by the census method. Results: The mean age of patients with varicocele was 27.30 years; 52 patients underwent bilateral varicocelectomy and 36 left varicocelectomy. Surgical complications of non-microscopic varicocelectomy in the studied patients included bleeding and hydrocele formation both in 0.7% and recurrence in 2.8%. Testicular atrophy was not observed in any case. Conclusion: The incidence of recurrence, hydrocele formation, atrophy, and bleeding in non-microscopic varicocelectomy, if done in accordance with its principles, is not more than the microscopic approach and therefore it could be recommended as a safe surgical treatment in centers where microscopic surgery is not available.

Risk factors for chronic venous disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 416-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
H D Vlajinac ◽  
Ð J Radak ◽  
J M Marinković ◽  
M Ž Maksimović
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chronic Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Clots ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Objective Chronic venous disease (CVD) is a common problem in developing and developed countries. Methods A cross-sectional study, conducted in two major towns in Serbia, comprised 3225 subjects over 18 years old, enrolled in the survey consecutively by general practitioners (GPs) within their normal framework. Diagnosis of CVD was made by GPs on the basis of symptoms and visual examination. Data on potential risk factors were collected by the use of a questionnaire. Results The prevalence of CVD was significantly higher in women (73.7%) than in men (70.1%), although severe forms of CVD were significantly more frequent in men. Risk factors for CVD were age, body mass index ≥25.00 kg/m2, family history of CVD, history of blood clots in veins and ever-smoking in both sexes, and menopause, increased number of child births and physical inactivity in women. Conclusion The results obtained suggest the possibility of CVD prevention by modification of some behavioural risk factors.

PREVALENCE OF CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGES IN WEST AND SOUTH OF AFGHANISTAN

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 799-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOSTAFA SAADAT ◽  
KHADIJEH TAJBAKHSH
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consanguineous Marriages ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Coefficient Of Inbreeding

SummaryThe prevalence of consanguinity in eight provinces of Afghanistan has recently been reported by Saify & Saadat (2012). The present cross-sectional study was done in order to illustrate the prevalence and types of consanguineous marriages among other populations of Afghanistan. Data on types of marriages were collected using a simple questionnaire. The total number of couples in this study was 5200 from the following provinces: Farah, Ghazni, Herat, Hilmand, Kabul, Kandahar, Logar, Parwan and Wardak. Consanguineous marriages were classified by the degree of relationship between couples: double first cousins, first cousins, first cousins once removed, second cousins and beyond second cousins. The coefficient of inbreeding (F) was calculated for each couple and the mean coefficient of inbreeding (α) estimated for each population. The α in the country was 0.0226, ranging from 0.0203 in Farah province to 0.0246 in Herat province. There were significant differences between provinces for frequencies of different types of marriages (p<0.001). First cousin marriages (21.7%) were the most common type of consanguineous marriages, followed by second cousins (16.0%), first cousins once removed (14.0%), beyond second cousins (6.9%) and double first cousins (1.6%). There was significant difference between ethnic groups for the types of marriages (p<0.001). Tajiks (Soni) and Sadats showed the lowest (α=0.0215) and highest (α=0.0242) levels of consanguinity among ethnic groups in Afghanistan, respectively. The present study shows that the Afghani populations, the same as other Islamic populations, have high levels of consanguinity.

PREVALENCE OF CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGES AMONG SHI'A POPULATIONS OF LEBANON

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 675-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
GHADIR EL-KHESHEN ◽  
MOSTAFA SAADAT
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Consanguineous Marriage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Consanguineous Marriages ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Mean

SummaryIn genetics, a consanguineous marriage means union between couples who are related as second cousins or closer. The present cross-sectional study was carried out in order to illustrate the prevalence and types of consanguineous marriages in the Shi'a population living in widespread territories in Lebanon including the Bekaa Valley, the south of Lebanon and the southern suburb of Beirut. Data on types of marriages were collected using a simple questionnaire. The total number of couples in the study was 1203. Consanguineous marriage was classified by the degree of relationship between couples. The overall frequency of consanguinity was found to be 28.4%, with first cousin marriages (21.3%) being the most common type followed by first cousins once removed (5.5%), then double first cousins (0.8%). The frequencies of second cousin and beyond second cousin marriages were the same at 0.4% of all the marriages. The mean inbreeding coefficient (α) was estimated at about 0.0161 for the population. There were no significant differences between the three studied territories for frequencies of different types of marriages (p>0.1), nor were there significant differences between the rural and urban areas (p>0.1).

Moral distress in Iranian pediatric nurses

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Ghasemi ◽  
Reza Negarandeh ◽  
Leila Janani
Keyword(s):  
Moral Distress ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pediatric Nurses ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Distress Scale ◽  
Taking Care

Background: Moral distress is a very common experience in the nursing profession, and it is one of the main reasons for job dissatisfaction, burnout, and quitting among nurses. For instance, morally difficult situations in taking care of child patients who are severely ill may lead to moral distress for nurses. However, most of the studies about moral distress have been conducted on nurses of special wards and adult medical centers with much focus on developed countries. Subsequently, little has been researched on this topic among nurses in other nations such as Iran, and most certainly, there has been hardly any such research involving Iranian pediatric nurses. Aim/objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate moral distress among nurses in selected pediatric hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Research design: This cross-sectional study was conducted on eligible nurses who were selected through proportional stratified sampling and who completed demographic characteristics and the pediatric version of Moral Distress Scale-Revised questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t test, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Participants and research context: In total, 195 pediatric nurses working at three selected children’s specialized university hospitals in Tehran participated in this study. Ethical considerations: This study was evaluated and approved by the institutional review board of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Findings: The mean and standard deviation of total score of moral distress was 106.41 ± 61.64 within a range of 10–257. Also, the difference between the mean score of moral distress of the group who had not quitted their position and those who have quit in the past was statistically significant (p = 0.043). The situation that was associated with the highest moral distress was “observing medical students performing painful procedures on patients just to gain some skill.” Total score of moral distress was significantly higher among male nurses (p = 0.014), while nurses with a master’s degree experienced just a higher intensity of moral distress compared to those who had a bachelor’s degree (p = 0.006). Conclusion: Since many pediatric nurses clearly face moral distress while taking care of children, it is necessary to consider measures for preventing or decreasing situations that would lead to this distress.

CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGES IN AFGHANISTAN

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
KHYBER SAIFY ◽  
MOSTAFA SAADAT
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consanguineous Marriages ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficients ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level ◽  
Coefficient Of Inbreeding

SummaryThe present cross-sectional study was done in order to illustrate the prevalence and types of consanguineous marriages among Afghanistan populations. Data on types of marriages were collected using a simple questionnaire. The total number of couples in the study was 7140 from the following provinces: Badakhshan, Baghlan, Balkh, Bamyan, Kabul, Kunduz, Samangan and Takhar. Consanguineous marriages were classified by the degree of relationship between couples: double first cousins, first cousins, first cousins once removed, second cousins and beyond second cousins. The coefficient of inbreeding (F) was calculated for each couple and the mean coefficient of inbreeding (α) estimated for each population. The proportion of consanguineous marriages in the country was 46.2%, ranging from 38.2% in Kabul province to 51.2% in Bamyan province. The equivalent mean inbreeding coefficient (α) was 0.0277, and ranged from 0.0221 to 0.0293 in these two regions. There were significant differences between provinces for frequencies of different types of marriages (p<0.001). First cousin marriages (27.8%) were the most common type of consanguineous marriages, followed by double first cousin (6.9%), second cousin (5.8%), beyond second cousin (3.9%) and first cousin once removed (1.8%). There were significant differences between ethnic groups for the types of marriages (χ2=177.6, df=25, p<0.001). Tajiks (Soni) and Turkmens (also Pashtuns) showed the lowest (α=0.0250) and highest (α=0.0297) mean inbreeding coefficients, respectively, among the ethnic groups in Afghanistan. The study shows that Afghanistan's populations, like other Islamic populations, have a high level of consanguinity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document