scholarly journals Defining mangrove-fisheries: A typology from the Perancak Estuary, Bali, Indonesia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249173
Author(s):  
Rachel Seary ◽  
Tom Spencer ◽  
Mike Bithell ◽  
Chris McOwen ◽  
Yoshitaka Ota
Keyword(s):  
Local Context ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Flexible Tool ◽  
Sustainable Resources ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Building Management ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
A Site

This study develops a definition of what mangrove-fisheries can encompass, incorporating a broad range of their possible characteristics. A detailed case study was conducted to develop a typology of mangrove-fishing in the Perancak Estuary, Bali, Indonesia, using interview surveys to investigate the fishing activities associated with mangroves. This case study demonstrated the complexity that a mangrove-fishery can entail, where fishing is connected to the mangrove forest by fishers of multiple sectors, functions, locations and temporal scales. Through a comparison with other mangrove-fishing communities in Bali, it also highlighted that mangrove-fisheries are variable even when in close proximity. With particular reference to this case study, a framework was developed as a flexible tool for identifying the multiple dimensions of a mangrove-fishery in a local context. Following this framework should encourage researchers and managers to look outside of the groups of fishers traditionally expected to benefit from mangrove fishing. This will enable the development of a broader definition of mangrove-fisheries in a site specific way. Identifying the full scope of fishers that contribute to or benefit from a mangrove-fishery is the first step towards building management measures that reflect the interests of groups of fishers that may otherwise remain under-represented. This is in line with international efforts for sustainability, especially in promoting small-scale fishers’ access to sustainable resources under the UN Sustainable Development Goals.

Deadhead Minimization with a Flexible Facility Locator Tool

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110444
Author(s):  
Kara Todd ◽  
Freyja Brandel-Tanis ◽  
Daniel Arias ◽  
Kari Edison Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Open Source Software ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Flexible Tool ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Transit Agencies ◽  
A Site

As transit agencies expand, they may outgrow their existing bus storage and service facilities. When selecting a site for an additional facility, an important consideration is the change in bus deadhead time, which affects the agency’s operating costs. Minimizing bus deadhead time is the subject of many studies, though agencies may lack the necessary software or programming skill to implement those methods. This study presents a flexible tool for determination of bus facility location. Using the R dodgr package, it evaluates each candidate site based on a given bus network and existing depots and calculates the network minimum deadhead time for each potential set of facilities. Importantly, the tool could be used by any transit agency, no matter its resources. It runs on open-source software and uses only General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) and data inputs readily available to transit agencies in the U.S.A., filling the accessibility gap identified in the literature. The tool is demonstrated through a case study with the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA), which is considering a new bus depot as it builds its bus rapid transit network. The case study used current MARTA bus GTFS data, existing depot locations, and vacant properties from Fulton County, Georgia. The tool evaluated 17 candidate sites and found that the winning site would save 29.7 deadhead hours on a typical weekday, which translates to more than $12,000 daily based on operating cost assumptions. The output provides important guidance to transit agencies evaluating sites for a new bus depot.

scholarly journals International Expansion of Social Enterprises as a Catalyst for Scaling up Social Impact across Borders

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Bretos ◽  
Millán Díaz-Foncea ◽  
Carmen Marcuello
Keyword(s):  
Social Impact ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Local Context ◽  
International Expansion ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
International Scale ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
National Boundaries

Scaling social impact and solutions beyond the local context is argued to embody a key mechanism for social enterprises (SEs) to contribute to the achievement of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and to generate welfare-enhancing systemic change. In light of this, this article explores the potential of SE international expansion as a catalyst for scaling social impact across borders. From our reading of the literature, we discern three major typologies of cross-border scaling: Control-based, altruism-based, and hybrid. Drawing on a multiple-case study of nine international SEs, we examine why and how SEs deploy these scaling strategies on an international scale; the challenges to maximize social impact across borders associated with each of the scaling strategies, and the resources and actions that SEs can mobilize to manage such challenges associated with international expansion. Contrary to conventional wisdom and mainstream theory depicting SEs as small-sized organizations that suffer from different limitations to expand beyond their traditional national boundaries, our findings illustrate how these organizations can successfully operate on an international scale and simultaneously generate financial, social, and environmental value.

scholarly journals Future-proofing placements

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-444
Author(s):  
Julie Fowlie ◽  
Clare Forder
Keyword(s):  
Business School ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Local Economies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Student Demand ◽  
First Time ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a case study centred on steps taken at a Business School in a UK university, to improve local work placement provision, respond to student demand and engage more productively with local businesses. It is situated against renewed focus on universities’ engagement with local economies and the graduate labour market context as demonstrated by the government’s Industrial Strategy (BEIS, 2017) and the OfS (2018) business plan. It aims to emphasise how moving the focus back from graduates to placement students could offer a useful collaborative opportunity for local businesses to articulate what they want from future employees. Design/methodology/approach The paper follows a mixed methods approach, drawing upon a case study on a new intervention piloted in the Business School as well as qualitative research gathered from questionnaires and interviews with students. Responses to questionnaires and interviews were analysed thematically in the Grounded Theory (Glaser and Strauss, 1967) tradition. Findings The paper highlights the lack of literature on local placements and also demonstrates findings which echo existing research on typical barriers and drivers to placements in general. It offers original outcomes such as how for some students local placements offer a convenience value but for others they are part of committing to living and working locally after graduation. Research limitations/implications The small-scale nature of the study means that only indicative findings are presented. Further research is necessary for a more detailed examination of its implications. Practical implications Recommendations are made for a systematic approach to developing, or establishing for the first time, university–employer relationships in order to future-proof local placement opportunities. Originality/value The paper fills a gap in the literature on local placements and also provides a fresh approach to how universities and employers might work together to identify local skills gaps and increase the provision of local placements. It also offers ways in students’ often negatively framed reasons for not undertaking a placement can be mitigated through engaging with the local context.

scholarly journals Forecast of the Demand for Electric Mobility for Rome–Fiumicino International Airport

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5251
Author(s):  
Romano Alberto Acri ◽  
Silvia Barone ◽  
Paolo Cambula ◽  
Valter Cecchini ◽  
Maria Carmen Falvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Electric Mobility ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Electrical Mobility ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Transport Studies ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Definition Of

Following electrification of automotive transport, studies on the penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) are widespread, especially in defined contexts. As major transport hubs, airports fall within contexts worthy of interest. In this work, a forecast of the demand for electric mobility in an Italian international airport (Rome–Fiumicino) is presented. The main goal of the research is to build up a methodology that allows evaluating the penetration index of EVs that will access the airport parks in 2025 and 2030, to be able to have a preliminary assessment of the number of charging points necessary for serving them. In the paper, first, a wide review of proposed scenarios on the penetration of EVs at international and national level and available data on local automotive transport are presented, as a preliminary study for the definition of reference scenarios for the local context. Then, the proposed methodology is presented and applied to the specific case study. Finally, a preliminary sizing of the required charging infrastructure is reported. The results show that a significant impact on the airport electricity network can be foreseen, and it requires proper planning of adaptation/upgrading actions. The proposed approach can be considered as a reference for similar studies on electrical mobility in other airport areas around the world.

scholarly journals A framework for the implementation of certification procedures at nurse level: a case study in a French hospital

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israa SALMA ◽  
Mathias WAELLI
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Implementation Framework ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Implementation Tool

Abstract Background The implementation of certification procedures across healthcare systems is an essential component of the management process. In the past, several promising approaches have been developed towards the successful implementation of such policies, however, precise adaptation and implementation at the local context is essential. Thus, local activities must be considered to generate more pragmatic recommendations for managers. In this pilot study, we built an implementation framework for the inception of certification in healthcare facilities, particularly at nurse level activities. Our hypothesis comprised two objectives: the identification of key implementation process components, and the precise definition of these elements within local social activities. Methods This study used a two-step abductive approach. The first was inductive, and consisted of a qualitative case study, where we analysed the implementation of certification procedures in a French teaching hospital. The study was conducted between April and December 2019. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews, and observations by shadowing. In the second step, the emerging data were analysed using two approaches: The Quality Implementation Tool (QIT) and Translational Mobilisation Theory (TMT). Results Sixteen interviews were conducted with managers and nurses. We also accumulated 83 observational hours from two different wards. Our results showed that, first, all the retrieved elements over the implementation of certification procedures were captured by the QIT components and only one component was no applicable for the studied case. Second, we identified the elements in the local context of activity, with the different interrelationships between actors, actions and contexts, through the TMT. Third, our analyses were integrated and translated into a framework that described the implementation of certification procedures in healthcare facilities and with interest to the implementation at nurse/mid-managers level. In adopting QIT, the framework components took a transversal aspect then adapted to the local context of work through the TMT. Conclusions In this study, we generated an implementation framework that underpinned a certification procedures implementation. Our approach revealed broad interactions between proximity managers, teams and contexts during change mobilisation, not captured by transversal framework only as QIT. Going forward, this framework must be tested in future empirical studies.

scholarly journals Identification, Dimension and Evaluation of Catalytic Projects in Tehran, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Elnaz Sarkheyli ◽  
Kianoosh Zakerhaghighi
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Social Quality Of Life ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The City

Since the 1980s, a wide range of physical and non-physical interventions, including megaprojects and flagships to small-scale projects and temporary usage, are prescribed as catalysts for urban regeneration. The strategy of utilizing urban catalysts as a tool for urban renewal has been encouraging by many city authorities through specific subsidization and privileges. However, there is no correct and precise definition of the tools and the qualities they should provide as their impacts. Besides, some criticize the catalytic projects due to their unsustainable, unjust, and destructive consequences.  This paper intends to provide a more comprehensive definition of urban catalysts by reviewing the existing literature. The research has been done through a deductive and inductive approach to reach the principal dimensions and criteria for catalytic projects. It uses a series of potential projects and interventions in the City of Tehran (16 projects and practices) as case studies to check the dimensions and criteria and the quality of each project as catalysts. The quality of the selected case studies was ranked through expert judgment and checklist method. The findings show the cases' rank on how their catalytic impacts comply with sustainable development goals. According to the results, seven criteria (environmental sustainability, context-based development, pattern making, branding, social quality of life, economic prosperity, and market adaptability) are essential to ensure the sustainability of catalytic impacts of catalyst projects.

scholarly journals The contribution of small-scale food production in urban areas to the sustainable development goals: a review and case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1585-1599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Nicholls ◽  
Adrian Ely ◽  
Linda Birkin ◽  
Parthiba Basu ◽  
Dave Goulson
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
United Nations General ◽  
Development Goals

Abstract Food production depends upon the adequate provision of underpinning ecosystem services, such as pollination. Paradoxically, conventional farming practices are undermining these services and resulting in degraded soils, polluted waters, greenhouse gas emissions and massive loss of biodiversity including declines in pollinators. In essence, farming is undermining the ecosystem services it relies upon. Finding alternative more sustainable ways to meet growing food demands which simultaneously support biodiversity is one of the biggest challenges facing humanity. Here, we review the potential of urban and peri-urban agriculture to contribute to sustainable food production, using the 17 sustainable development goals set by the United Nations General Assembly as a framework. We present new data from a case study of urban gardens and allotments in the city of Brighton and Hove, UK. Such urban and peri-urban landholdings tend to be small and labour-intensive, characterised by a high diversity of crops including perennials and annuals. Our data demonstrate that this type of agricultural system can be highly productive and that it has environmental and social advantages over industrial agriculture in that crops are usually produced using few synthetic inputs and are destined for local consumption. Overall, we conclude that food grown on small-scale areas in and near cities is making a significant contribution to feeding the world and that this type of agriculture is likely to be relatively favourable for some ecosystem services, such as supporting healthy soils. However, major knowledge gaps remain, for example with regard to productivity, economic and employment impacts, pesticide use and the implications for biodiversity.

scholarly journals Social workers’ perceptions of multi-disciplinary team work: A case study of health social workers at a major regional hospital in New Zealand

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Giles
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Quality Patient Care ◽  
Medical Issues ◽  
A Site ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Depth Interviews

INTRODUCTION: International research has highlighted the importance of effective multidisciplinary team (MDT) functioning in health care settings: when collaboration between disciplines is effective, higher quality patient care results; whereas poor MDT functioning is associated with deleterious health outcomes. This study explores the findings of a small-scale case study into social workers’ views of MDT functioning at a major, regional public hospital in New Zealand.METHODS: Data was collected using in-depth interviews with eight health social workers and one focus group with three additional health social workers. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes, and a discourse analysis undertaken to identify predominant discourses evident in the data.FINDINGS: Study participants considered that when MDTs were well-facilitated important non-medical aspects of patient care were addressed: patient care and discharge plans were communicated clearly and consistently to patients and families, and coordination between MDT members was effective. However, participants also identified occasions when the facilitation of MDTs was poor, where meetings were unstructured and unfocussed, and where social work and patient concerns with wider non-medical issues was devalued. Participants considered that such situations could lead to confusion and distress for patients and a failure to coordinate effective plans for discharge.CONCLUSION: The findings from this case-study suggest that, from the perspective of health social workers, ineffective facilitation of MDTs, an undue emphasis on the discourse of the patient as a ‘site of disease’, and a preoccupation with the management of risk can demote and devalue more holistic patient-centred perspectives, and the effectiveness of important, nonmedical aspects of patient care.

scholarly journals From Cultural to Economic Capital: Community Employment Creation in Otara

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne De Bruin
Keyword(s):  
Formative Evaluation ◽  
Economic Capital ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Employment Creation ◽  
Disadvantaged Community ◽  
Disadvantaged Communities ◽  
Mind Set ◽  
Definition Of

This paper stresses the need for community responses to the ethnic unemployment problem in New Zealand. It aims to show the potential for direct employment creation on the basis of a community entrepreneurship model as well as a widened definition of human capital, using case study of the labour market disadvantaged community of Otara, in South Auckland. Projects harnessing cultural and ethnic riches to create Otara as an attractive visitor destination undertaken by Enterprise Otara (EO) are examined. A participatory research methodology, chiefly formative evaluation is used. ·This paper seeks to break down a prevalent view that grassroots responses to unemployment are necessarily small-scale ventures and to get away from the 'small is beautiful' mind-set when Local Employment Initiatives (ILEs) are involved. Additionally, the collaborative role of 'outsiders ' in the 'bottom-up' approach to employment creation is shown to be important in 'getting things moving ' at the community level. Constraints faced by community organisations are highlighted. The importance of ILEs and the partnership concept in the mitigation of high unemployment in disadvantaged communities, is affirmed.

scholarly journals A Framework for the Implementation of Certification Procedures at Nurse Level: A Case Study in a French Hospital.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israa SALMA ◽  
Mathias WAELLI
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Implementation Framework ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Implementation Tool

Abstract Background: The implementation of certification procedures across healthcare systems is an essential component of the management process. In the past, several promising approaches have been developed towards the successful implementation of such policies, however, precise adaptation and implementation at the local context is essential. Thus, local activities must be considered to generate more pragmatic recommendations for managers. In this pilot study, we built an implementation framework for the inception of certification in healthcare facilities, particularly at nurse level activities. Our hypothesis comprised two objectives: the identification of key implementation process components, and the precise definition of these elements within local social activities.Methods: This study used a two-step abductive approach. The first was inductive, and consisted of a qualitative case study, where we analysed the implementation of certification procedures in a French teaching hospital. The study was conducted between April and December 2019. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews, and observations by shadowing. In the second step, the emerging data were analysed using two approaches: The Quality Implementation Tool (QIT) and Translational Mobilisation Theory (TMT). Results: Sixteen interviews were conducted with managers and nurses. We also accumulated 83 observational hours from two different wards. Our results showed that, first, all the retrieved elements over the implementation of certification procedures were captured by the QIT components and only one component was no applicable for the studied case. Second, we identified the elements in the local context of activity, with the different interrelationships between actors, actions and contexts, through the TMT. Third, our analyses were integrated and translated into a framework that described the implementation of certification procedures in healthcare facilities and with interest to the implementation at nurse/mid-managers level. In adopting QIT, the framework components took a transversal aspect then adapted to the local context of work through the TMT.Conclusions: In this study, we generated an implementation framework that underpinned a certification procedures implementation. Our approach revealed broad interactions between proximity managers, teams and contexts during change mobilisation, not captured by transversal framework only as QIT. Going forward, this framework must be tested in future empirical studies.

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