Genetic markers of abdominal obesity and weight loss after gastric bypass surgery

Background Weight loss after bariatric surgery varies widely between individuals, partly due to genetic differences. In addition, genetic determinants of abdominal obesity have been shown to attenuate weight loss after dietary intervention with special attention paid to the rs1358980-T risk allele in the VEGFA locus. Here we aimed to test if updated genetic risk scores (GRSs) for adiposity measures and the rs1358980-T risk allele are linked with weight loss following gastric bypass surgery. Methods Five hundred seventy six patients with morbid obesity underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. A GRS for BMI and a GRS for waist-hip-ratio adjusted for BMI (proxy for abdominal obesity), respectively, were constructed. All patients were genotyped for the rs1358980-T risk allele. Associations between the genetic determinants and weight loss after bariatric surgery were evaluated. Results The GRS for BMI was not associated with weight loss (β = -2.0 kg/100 risk alleles, 95% CI -7.5 to 3.3, p = 0.45). Even though the GRS for abdominal obesity was associated with an attenuated weight loss response adjusted for age, sex and center (β = -14.6 kg/100 risk alleles, 95% CI -25.4 to -3.8, p = 0.008), it was not significantly associated with weight loss after adjustment for baseline BMI (β = -7.9 kg/100 risk alleles, 95% CI -17.5 to 1.6, p = 0.11). Similarly, the rs1358980-T risk allele was not significantly associated with weight loss (β = -0.8 kg/risk allele, 95% CI -2.2 to 0.6, p = 0.25). Discussion GRSs for adiposity derived from large meta-analyses and the rs1358980-T risk allele in the VEGFA locus did not predict weight loss after gastric bypass surgery. The association between a GRS for abdominal obesity and the response to bariatric surgery may be dependent on the association between the GRS and baseline BMI.

Download Full-text

Association of Circulating Irisin Concentrations with Weight Loss after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16040660 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 660 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yeon Lee ◽

Yoonseok Heo ◽

Ji-Ho Choi ◽

Sunghyouk Park ◽

Kyoung Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Gastric Bypass ◽

Bypass Surgery ◽

Excess Weight Loss ◽

Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽

Morbidly Obese ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Preoperative Serum ◽

One Year

Irisin is a myokine with potential anti-obesity properties that has been suggested to increase energy expenditure in obese patients. However, there is limited clinical information on the biology of irisin in humans, especially in morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. We aimed to assess the association of circulating irisin concentrations with weight loss in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. This was a pilot, single-centre, longitudinal observational study. We recruited 25 morbidly obese subjects who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGBP), and blood samples from 12 patients were taken to measure serum irisin concentrations before, and one and nine months after surgery. Their clinical characteristics were measured for one year. The preoperative serum irisin concentration (mean 1.01 ± 0.23 μg/mL, range 0.73–1.49) changed bidirectionally one month after RYGBP. The mean concentration at nine months was 1.11 ± 0.15 μg/mL (range 0.92–1.35). Eight patients had elevated irisin levels compared with their preoperative values, but four did not. Elevations of irisin levels nine months, but not one month, after surgery, were associated with lower preoperative levels (p = 0.016) and worse weight reduction rates (p = 0.006 for the percentage excess weight loss and p = 0.032 for changes in body mass index). The preoperative serum irisin concentrations were significantly correlated with the percentage of excess weight loss for one year (R2 = 0.612; p = 0.04) in our study. Our results suggest that preoperative circulating irisin concentrations may be at least in part associated with a weight loss effect of bariatric surgery in morbidly obese patients. Further large-scale clinical studies are needed to ratify these findings.

Download Full-text

Microbial Adaptation Due to Gastric Bypass Surgery: The Nutritional Impact

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12041199 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 1199 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Silke Crommen ◽

Alma Mattes ◽

Marie-Christine Simon

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Gastric Bypass ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Intestinal Microbiota ◽

Bypass Surgery ◽

Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽

Liver Fat ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

The Impact

Bariatric surgery leads to sustained weight loss and the resolution of obesity-related comorbidities. Recent studies have suggested that changes in gut microbiota are associated with the weight loss induced by bariatric surgery. Several studies have observed major changes in the microbial composition following gastric bypass surgery. However, there are inconsistencies between the reported alterations in microbial compositions in different studies. Furthermore, it is well established that diet is an important factor shaping the composition and function of intestinal microbiota. However, most studies on gastric bypass have not assessed the impact of dietary intake on the microbiome composition in general, let alone the impact of restrictive diets prior to bariatric surgery, which are recommended for reducing liver fat content and size. Thus, the relative impact of bariatric surgery on weight loss and gut microbiota remains unclear. Therefore, this review aims to provide a deeper understanding of the current knowledge of the changes in intestinal microbiota induced by bariatric surgery considering pre-surgical nutritional changes.

Download Full-text

Presurgical Weight Is Associated with Pain, Functional Impairment, and Anxiety among Gastric Bypass Surgery Patients

Pain Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2012/412174 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sharlene Wedin ◽

Karl Byrne ◽

Katherine Morgan ◽

Marie LePage ◽

Rachel Goldman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Chronic Pain ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Gastric Bypass ◽

Functional Impairment ◽

Bypass Surgery ◽

Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽

The United States ◽

Walking Ability ◽

The Relationship

Chronic pain and obesity are significant public health concerns in the United States associated with significant levels of health-care expenses and lost productivity. Previous research suggests that obesity is a risk factor for chronic pain, mainly due to excessive weight placed on the joints. However, the obesity-pain relationship appears to be complex and reciprocal. Little work to date has focused on the relationship between weight and pain among patients undergoing gastric bypass surgery for weight loss. Patients scheduled to undergo bariatric surgery for weight loss at a large southeastern academic medical center () completed the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), the Center for Epidemiological Studies 10-item Depression scale (CESD-10), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Higher presurgical weight was associated with higher pain-on-average ratings, higher functional impairment due to pain across the domains of physical activity, mood, walking ability, relationships, and enjoyment of life. Higher presurgical weight was associated with higher BAI scores, but weight was not related to depression. Findings suggest that bariatric surgery candidates report a moderate amount of pain prior to surgery and that presurgical weight is associated with higher pain, increased functional impairment due to pain, and increased anxiety. Anxiety was found to mediate the relationship between increased weight and pain.

Download Full-text

Roux-Y Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy directly change gut microbiota composition independent of operation type

10.1101/395657 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fernanda L. Paganelli ◽

Misha Luyer ◽

C. Marijn Hazelbag ◽

Hae-Won Uh ◽

Malbert R.C. Rogers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Gastric Bypass ◽

Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Intestinal Microbiota ◽

Bypass Surgery ◽

Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Gastric Sleeve

AbstractBackgroundBariatric surgery in patients with morbid obesity, either through gastric sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-Y gastric bypass surgery, leads to sustainable weight loss, improvement of metabolic disorders and changes in the intestinal microbiota. Yet, the relationship between changes in gut microbiota, weight loss and the surgical procedure remains incompletely understood.Subjects/MethodsWe determined temporal changes in microbiota composition in 45 obese patients undergoing a crash diet followed by gastric sleeve gastrectomy (n= 22) or Roux-Y gastric bypass (n= 23). Intestinal microbiota composition was determined before intervention (baseline, S1), 2 weeks after a crash diet (S2), and 1 week (S3), 3 months (S4) and 6 months (S5) after surgery.ResultsRelative to S1, the microbial diversity index declined at S2 and S3 (p< 0.05), and gradually returned to baseline levels at S5. The crash diet was associated with an increased abundance of Rikenellaceae and decreased abundances of Ruminococcaceae and Streptococcaceae (p< 0.05). After surgery, at S3, the relative abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae had decreased (compared to the moment directly after the crash diet), whereas those of Streptococcaceae and Enterobacteriaceae had increased (p< 0.05). Increased weight loss during the next 6 months was not associated without major changes in microbiota composition. Significant differences between both surgical procedures were not observed at any of the time points.ConclusionsIn conclusion, undergoing a crash diet and bariatric surgery were associated with an immediate but temporary decline in the microbial diversity, with immediate and permanent changes in microbiota composition, with no differences between patients undergoing gastric sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-Y gastric bypass surgery.

Download Full-text