scholarly journals Can situations awaken emotions? The compilation and evaluation of the Emotional Situation Sentence System (ESSS)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0252671
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhao ◽  
Ming Yin ◽  
Chuanlin Zhu ◽  
Chenghui Tan ◽  
Shengjie Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Scatter Plot ◽  
Prior Literature ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Emotional Pictures ◽  
Valence And Arousal

We aimed to establish and evaluate a standardized emotional situation sentence system (ESSS) relevant to the lives of college students to supplement prior literature and adapt to the needs of emotional research. Two studies were designed for this research; study 1 examined the effect of words in the ESSS and study 2 involved the use of pictures. For Study 1, 778 items were selected by 607 college students and 15 experts. We then tested the scale with 80 undergraduate participants. The ESSS sentences were rated on their degree of valence, arousal, and dominance using a 9-point scale. Cronbach’s α (greater than 0.986) of the overall score as well as each sub-score in the three components confirmed the scale’s reliability. As seen on a scatter plot, the results suggest that negative emotions (fear, disgust, anger, sadness, anxiety) are convergent and different from the distribution of positive (happiness) and neutral emotions. Study 2 included 30 participants to compare the difference in valence and arousal between the ESSS and emotional pictures. The results indicate that the ESSS is a standardized, situational, and ecological emotional contextual text system, well-suited to invoke emotion in college students. The ESSS has significantly better arousal and potency than pictures; moreover, it can be applied to experimental studies of anxiety-related emotions. However, emotion pictures have shorter response times, and wider application ranges, and they can include more cross-cultural characteristics compared to words.

scholarly journals Adding support to cross-cultural emotional assessment: validation of the international affective picture system in a chilean sample

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Dufey Domínguez ◽  
Ana María Fernández Tapia ◽  
Rocío Mayol Troncoso
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
International Affective Picture System ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Validity ◽  
Previous Evidence ◽  
Assessment Validation ◽  
The Us ◽  
Emotional Assessment ◽  
Valence And Arousal ◽  
Cultural Validation

The present study aimed to obtain a valid set of images of the International Affective Picture System (Lang, Bradley, & Cuthbert, 2005) –a widely used instrumentation in emotion research- in a Chilean sample, as well as to compare these results with those obtained from the US study in order to contribute to its cross-cultural validation. A sample of 135 college students assessed 188 pictures according to standard instructions in valence and arousal dimensions. The results showed the expected organization of affectivity, with main variations between sex in valence judgments, and differences between countries in the arousal dimension. It is concluded that the Chilean adaptation of the IAPS is consistent with previous evidence, adding support to it cross-cultural validity.

scholarly journals CROSS-CULTURAL IDEAS OF AMERICAN AND UKRAINIAN STUDENTS OF THE CONCEPT OF A SOCIALLY SUCCESSFUL PERSON

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana SHARKOVA ◽  
◽  
David MANNING ◽  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Social Success ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Insight Into

This research study has been conducted by a former Ukrainian Fulbright Scholarin-Residence in collaboration with American teaching staff. The students of an American college and a Ukrainian university were asked to outline the characteristics of a socially successful person answering the following questions: What makes a person socially successful? Can you give examples of socially successful people? What are the differences between socially successful and socially unsuccessful people? Does social success correlate with the level of happiness? Does success depend on the person or destiny? These findings provide valuable insight into further development of teaching methods while encompassing cross-cultural facets into educational process. Keywords: concept of a socially successful person, analysis of survey data, students of an American college, students of a Ukrainian university.

Emotions Under the Skin

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Silva ◽  
Ana Cláudia Ferreira ◽  
Isabel Soares ◽  
Francisco Esteves
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
The Other ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Physiological Reactivity ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Skin Conductance Responses ◽  
Lower Accuracy ◽  
Emotional Pictures ◽  
Valence And Arousal

Abstract. The present study examined physiological reactivity to emotional stimuli as a function of attachment style. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) and heart rate (HR) changes were simultaneously recorded while participants engaged in a visual attentional task. The task included positive, neutral, and negative emotional pictures, and required the identification of a target (neutral picture rotated 90° to the left or right), among a stream of pictures in which an emotional distracter (positive or negative) was presented. Participants additionally rated each of the emotional distracters for valence and arousal. Behavioral results on the attentional task showed that positive pictures facilitated overall target detection for all participants, compared to negative and neutral pictures, and that anxiously attached participants had significantly lower accuracy scores, relative to the other groups. Affective ratings indicated that positive pictures were rated as being more pleasant than negative ones, although no differences were found in HR changes to picture valence. In contrast, negative pictures were evaluated as being highly arousing. Consistent with this, negative pictures elicited larger SCRs in both insecure anxious and avoidant groups, especially for the anxious while the secure group showed SCRs unaffected by stimuli’s arousal. Present results show that individuals with different attachment styles reveal distinct patterns of attentional bias, appraisal, and physiological reactivity toward emotionally arousing stimuli. These findings further highlight the regulatory function of the attachment system.

A cross-cultural comparison of psychology of working theory among U.S. and Korean college students.

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 568-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haram J. Kim ◽  
Shin Ye Kim ◽  
Ryan D. Duffy ◽  
Nguyen P. Nguyen ◽  
Danni Wang
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
Korean College Students ◽  
Psychology Of Working

On the Difference Between Monkeys' and Humans' Response Times: Could It Be the Experimental Procedure?

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy E. Hawkins ◽  
Birte U. Forstmann ◽  
Eric-Jan Wagenmakers ◽  
Scott D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Response Times ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
The Difference

Effect of persuasion via social media on attitude toward elite sport policies

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yi-Hsiu Lin ◽  
Chen-Yueh Chen
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Social Media ◽  
College Student ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Elite Sport ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
College Student Sample ◽  
Central Route ◽  
Group Involvement

We examined the effect of different persuasion interventions in social media (central route vs. peripheral route vs. no persuasion) on attitude toward elite sport policies. We conducted 2 experimental studies with a college student sample (Study I) and a sample drawn from the general public (nonstudent sample, Study II). Results indicated that in the student sample, attitude of the peripheral-route-persuasion group toward elite sport policies was significantly more positive than that of either the no-persuasion group or the central-route-persuasion group. However, results from the nonstudent sample suggested that both the central-route-persuasion and peripheral-route-persuasion groups had more positive attitude toward elite sport policies than did the nopersuasion group. Involvement did not moderate the persuasion–attitude relationship in either the student or nonstudent sample. The findings from this research indicate that a more concise way of communication (peripheral route) is more effective for persuading college students. Government agents may adopt the findings from this research to customize persuasion interventions to influence their target audience effectively.

scholarly journals Anthropomorphic Strategies Promote Wildlife Conservation through Empathy: The Moderation Role of the Public Epidemic Situation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3565
Author(s):  
Dan Yue ◽  
Zepeng Tong ◽  
Jianchi Tian ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Linxiu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Illegal Wildlife Trade ◽  
The Impact

The global illegal wildlife trade directly threatens biodiversity and leads to disease outbreaks and epidemics. In order to avoid the loss of endangered species and ensure public health security, it is necessary to intervene in illegal wildlife trade and promote public awareness of the need for wildlife conservation. Anthropomorphism is a basic and common psychological process in humans that plays a crucial role in determining how a person interacts with other non-human agents. Previous research indicates that anthropomorphizing nature entities through metaphors could increase individual behavioral intention of wildlife conservation. However, relatively little is known about the mechanism by which anthropomorphism influences behavioral intention and whether social context affects the effect of anthropomorphism. This research investigated the impact of negative emotions associated with a pandemic situation on the effectiveness of anthropomorphic strategies for wildlife conservation across two experimental studies. Experiment 1 recruited 245 college students online and asked them to read a combination of texts and pictures as anthropomorphic materials. The results indicated that anthropomorphic materials could increase participants’ empathy and decrease their wildlife product consumption intention. Experiment 2 recruited 140 college students online and they were required to read the same materials as experiment 1 after watching a video related to epidemics. The results showed that the effect of wildlife anthropomorphization vanished if participants’ negative emotion was aroused by the video. The present research provides experimental evidence that anthropomorphic strategies would be useful for boosting public support for wildlife conservation. However, policymakers and conservation organizations must be careful about the negative effects of the pandemic context, as the negative emotions produced by it seems to weaken the effectiveness of anthropomorphic strategies.

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