scholarly journals Anthropomorphic Strategies Promote Wildlife Conservation through Empathy: The Moderation Role of the Public Epidemic Situation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3565
Author(s):  
Dan Yue ◽  
Zepeng Tong ◽  
Jianchi Tian ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Linxiu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Illegal Wildlife Trade ◽  
The Impact

The global illegal wildlife trade directly threatens biodiversity and leads to disease outbreaks and epidemics. In order to avoid the loss of endangered species and ensure public health security, it is necessary to intervene in illegal wildlife trade and promote public awareness of the need for wildlife conservation. Anthropomorphism is a basic and common psychological process in humans that plays a crucial role in determining how a person interacts with other non-human agents. Previous research indicates that anthropomorphizing nature entities through metaphors could increase individual behavioral intention of wildlife conservation. However, relatively little is known about the mechanism by which anthropomorphism influences behavioral intention and whether social context affects the effect of anthropomorphism. This research investigated the impact of negative emotions associated with a pandemic situation on the effectiveness of anthropomorphic strategies for wildlife conservation across two experimental studies. Experiment 1 recruited 245 college students online and asked them to read a combination of texts and pictures as anthropomorphic materials. The results indicated that anthropomorphic materials could increase participants’ empathy and decrease their wildlife product consumption intention. Experiment 2 recruited 140 college students online and they were required to read the same materials as experiment 1 after watching a video related to epidemics. The results showed that the effect of wildlife anthropomorphization vanished if participants’ negative emotion was aroused by the video. The present research provides experimental evidence that anthropomorphic strategies would be useful for boosting public support for wildlife conservation. However, policymakers and conservation organizations must be careful about the negative effects of the pandemic context, as the negative emotions produced by it seems to weaken the effectiveness of anthropomorphic strategies.

scholarly journals The Impact of Memory Change on Everyday Life Among Older Adults: Association with Cognition and Self-Reported Memory

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Komal T. Shaikh ◽  
Erica L. Tatham ◽  
Susan Vandermorris ◽  
Theone Paterson ◽  
Kathryn Stokes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Strategy Use ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Positive Coping ◽  
Memory Change ◽  
Lifestyle Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
With Memory

Abstract Objectives: Many older adults experience memory changes that can have a meaningful impact on their everyday lives, such as restrictions to lifestyle activities and negative emotions. Older adults also report a variety of positive coping responses that help them manage these changes. The purpose of this study was to determine how objective cognitive performance and self-reported memory are related to the everyday impact of memory change. Methods: We examined these associations in a sample of 94 older adults (age 60–89, 52% female) along a cognitive ability continuum from normal cognition to mild cognitive impairment. Results: Correlational analyses revealed that greater restrictions to lifestyle activities (|rs| = .36–.66), more negative emotion associated with memory change (|rs| = .27–.76), and an overall greater burden of memory change on everyday living (|rs| = .28–.61) were associated with poorer objective memory performance and lower self-reported memory ability and satisfaction. Performance on objective measures of executive attention was unrelated to the impact of memory change. Self-reported strategy use was positively related to positive coping with memory change (|r| = .26), but self-reported strategy use was associated with more negative emotions regarding memory change (|r| = .23). Conclusions: Given the prevalence of memory complaints among older adults, it is important to understand the experience of memory change and its impact on everyday functioning in order to develop services that target the specific needs of this population.

scholarly journals Evidence to Action: Research to Address Illegal Wildlife Trade

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.J. Milner-Gulland ◽  
Laure Cugniere ◽  
Amy Hinsley ◽  
Jacob Phelps ◽  
Michael 't Sas Rolfe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Illegal Wildlife Trade ◽  
Research Collaborations ◽  
Development Goals

Tools and expertise to improve the evidence base for national and international Illegal Wildlife Trade policy already exist but are underutilised. Tapping into these resources would produce substantive benefits for wildlife conservation and associated sectors, enabling governments to better meet their obligations under the Sustainable Development Goals and international biodiversity conventions. This can be achieved through enhanced funding support for inter-sectoral research collaborations, engaging researchers in priority setting and programme design, increasing developing country research capacity and engaging researchers and community voices in policy processes. This briefing, addressed to policy makers and practitioners, is part of the 2018 Evidence to Action: Research to Address Illegal Wildlife Trade event programme, organised by five of the UK’s most active IWT research institutions, to support the London 2018 IWT Conference.

Facebook and Subjective Well-Being Among College Students: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Loprinzi ◽  
Emily Frith
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Facebook Use ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
The Impact

This systematic review evaluates various theoretical underpinnings, which may contribute to abetter understanding of the effects of Facebook use on subjective well-being among college students. Theauthor conducted a PubMed search of experimental studies conducted within a young adult population.Eligible participant data was delimited to undergraduate or graduate students, who were required to becurrent Facebook users. Six studies were chosen for the review. The findings suggest that Facebook usagemay be positively associated with subjective well-being via several theoretical mechanisms founded in socialpsychology. These findings provide preliminary evidence that Facebook may offer its users unique opportu-nities to tailor their online self-presentation to assuage the impact of negative psychosocial stimuli presentedin real-world environments. Innovative strategies should be conceived to assess the possible relationshipbetween Facebook use and enhanced subjective well-being.

scholarly journals Public awareness, emotional reactions and human mobility in response to the COVID-19 outbreak in China – a population-based ecological study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yuchen Li ◽  
Yu Zeng ◽  
Guangdi Liu ◽  
Donghao Lu ◽  
Huazhen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Negative Comments ◽  
Restricted Mobility

Abstract Background The outbreak of COVID-19 generated severe emotional reactions, and restricted mobility was a crucial measure to reduce the spread of the virus. This study describes the changes in public emotional reactions and mobility patterns in the Chinese population during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods We collected data on public emotional reactions in response to the outbreak through Weibo, the Chinese Twitter, between 1st January and 31st March 2020. Using anonymized location-tracking information, we analyzed the daily mobility patterns of approximately 90% of Sichuan residents. Results There were three distinct phases of the emotional and behavioral reactions to the COVID-19 outbreak. The alarm phase (19th–26th January) was a restriction-free period, characterized by few new daily cases, but a large amount public negative emotions [the number of negative comments per Weibo post increased by 246.9 per day, 95% confidence interval (CI) 122.5–371.3], and a substantial increase in self-limiting mobility (from 45.6% to 54.5%, changing by 1.5% per day, 95% CI 0.7%–2.3%). The epidemic phase (27th January–15th February) exhibited rapidly increasing numbers of new daily cases, decreasing expression of negative emotions (a decrease of 27.3 negative comments per post per day, 95% CI −40.4 to −14.2), and a stabilized level of self-limiting mobility. The relief phase (16th February–31st March) had a steady decline in new daily cases and decreasing levels of negative emotion and self-limiting mobility. Conclusions During the COVID-19 outbreak in China, the public's emotional reaction was strongest before the actual peak of the outbreak and declined thereafter. The change in human mobility patterns occurred before the implementation of restriction orders, suggesting a possible link between emotion and behavior.

scholarly journals LEMBAGA KONSERVASI SATWA DALAM PERSPEKTIF PERDAGANGAN SATWA ILEGAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 406
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ayu Pradnya Swari Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Animal Diversity ◽  
Birds Of Paradise ◽  
The Government ◽  
P 53 ◽  
Main Factor

Indonesia is a country that is very rich its animal diversity, but is also know as a countrythat has a long list of endangered wildlife. The destruction of forests, the transfer function of over-harvesting and the destruction of their habitat is the main factor that threatens the extinction of wildlife. Forests as house a wide variety of wildlife is no longer able to protect the exixtence of wildlife due to habitat destruction. Various rare species endemic in Indonesia such as Sumateran tigers, one-horned rhino, the Javan hawk eagle, dragons, birds of paradise and other animals gravely threatened. Illegal wildlife trade proses a serious threat to the preservation of the wildlife. The wildlife illegally traded most are cought from the wild and not of capativity. By law the government efforts to protect endangered species from extinction is done with the issuance of Law No. 5 of 1990 on Conservation of Natural Resources and ecosystems followedby the enactment of Minister of Forestry Number : P.53/Menhut-II/2006 on Conservation. Public education to raise public awareness of the importance of wildlife conservation play an important role in wildlife conservation. Institutions ex-situ conservation becomes a toggle while during their forests in the rescue effort should be able to give life maximum for wildlife with regard to ethics and the rules of animal welfare so that the function and purpose of conservation agencies as a place of education, research and development of science can be fixed accomplished. Indonesia merupakan negara yang sangat kaya dengan keanekaragaman satwanya, namun dikenal juga sebagai negara yang memiliki daftar panjang tentang satwa liar yang terancam punah. Perusakan hutan, pengalihan fungsi hutan yang berlebihan serta rusaknya habitat mereka merupakan faktor utama yang mengancam punahnya satwa liar tersebut. Hutan sebagai rumah berbagai macam satwa liar tidak lagi mampu melindungi keberadaan satwa akibat perusakan habitatnya. Berbagai satwa endemik yang langka di Indonesia seperti harimau Sumatera, badak bercula satu, elang jawa, komodo, burung cendrawasih dan satwa-satwa lainnya keberadaannya terancam punah. Secara hukum upaya pemerintah dalam melindungi satwa langka dari ancaman kepunahan dilakukan dengan dikeluarkannya Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1990 tentang Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya selanjutnya diikuti dengan ditetapkannya Peraturan Mentri Kehutanan Nomor : P.53/Menhut-II/2006 tentang Lembaga Konservasi. Edukasi kepada masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kesadaran publik akan pentingnya pelestarian satwa liar memainkan peranan penting dalam pelestarian satwa liar. Lembaga konservasi ex-situ menjadi tempat tiggal sementara selama hutan mereka dalam upaya penyelamatan harus mampu memberikan kehidupan yang maksimal bagi satwa liar tersebut dengan tetap memperhatikan etika dan kaidah kesejahteraan satwa sehingga fungsi dan tujuan lembaga konservasi sebagai tempat pendidikan, penelitian dan pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dapat tetap terlaksana.

Displays of emotion and citizen support for Merkel and Gysi

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar W. Gabriel ◽  
Lena Masch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Individual Recognition ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Support ◽  
The Public ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact

Emotional appeals have always been an important instrument in the mobilization of political support in modern societies. As found in several experimental studies from the United States, the emotions displayed by leading politicians in their televised public appearances have an impact on the political attitudes and behaviors of the public. Positive emotions such as joy or happiness, pride, and amusement elicit a more positive assessment of politicians, whereas showing negative emotions such as anger or outrage often diminishes the public’s support. This transfer of emotions from sender to recipient has been described as “emotional contagion.” However, under specific circumstances, emotions expressed by politicians can result in counter-empathic reactions among recipients. To examine the role of emotions between political leaders and the public in an institutional and cultural setting outside the United States, this article presents experimental findings on the impact of emotions expressed by two leading German politicians on the German public. The study used emotional displays by Chancellor Angela Merkel and former parliamentary leader of the Left Party, Gregor Gysi, observing how their assessments by the German public changed in response to these displays. Consistent with existing research, we discovered positive effects on the evaluation of both politicians when they displayed positive emotions. However, the impact of negative emotions is different for Merkel and Gysi and can be described as contagion in the former and counter-contagion in the latter case. Furthermore, we found that individual recognition of the expressed emotions modified the effect they had on the evaluation of some leadership characteristics.

scholarly journals Quantifying Illegal Extraction of Sea Turtles in Costa Rica

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Pheasey ◽  
George Glen ◽  
Nicole L. Allison ◽  
Luis G. Fonseca ◽  
Didiher Chacón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
Sea Turtle ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Caribbean Coast ◽  
Turtle Species ◽  
Illegal Wildlife Trade ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Impact

Estimates of illegal wildlife trade vary significantly and are often based on incomplete datasets, inferences from CITES permits or customs seizures. As a result, annual global estimates of illegal wildlife trade can vary by several billions of US dollars. Translating these figures into species extraction rates is equally challenging, and estimating illegal take accurately is not achievable for many species. Due to their nesting strategies that allow for census data collection, sea turtles offer an exception. On the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica, three sea turtle species (leatherback, Dermochelys coriacea; green, Chelonia mydas; and hawksbill, Eretmochelys imbricata) are exploited by poachers. Despite the consumption of turtle eggs and meat being illegal, they are consumed as a cultural food source and seasonal treat. Conservation programmes monitor nesting beaches, collect abundance data and record poaching events. Despite the availability of robust long-term datasets, quantifying the rate of poaching has yet to be undertaken. Using data from the globally important nesting beach, Tortuguero, as well as beaches Playa Norte and Pacuare on the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica, we modelled the spatial and temporal distribution of poaching of the three sea turtle species. Here, we present data from 2006 to 2019 on a stretch of coastline covering c.37 km. We identified poaching hotspots that correlated with populated areas. While the poaching hotspots persisted over time, we found poaching is declining at each of our sites. However, we urge caution when interpreting this result as the impact of poaching varies between species. Given their low abundance on these beaches, the poaching pressure on leatherback and hawksbill turtles is far greater than the impact on the abundant green turtles. We attribute the decline in poaching to supply-side conservation interventions in place at these beaches. Finally, we highlight the value of data sharing and collaborations between conservation NGOs.

scholarly journals 0939 Anxiety Symptoms Moderate the Effects of Sleep Loss on Children’s Emotions

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A357-A357
Author(s):  
C A Alfano ◽  
J Bower ◽  
A Harvey ◽  
D Beidel ◽  
C Sharp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Sleep Loss ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Inadequate Sleep

Abstract Introduction An abundance of cross-sectional research links inadequate sleep with poor emotional health, but experimental studies in children are rare. Further, the impact of sleep loss is not uniform across individuals, and pre-existing anxiety might potentiate the effects of poor sleep on children’s emotional functioning. Methods N=53 children (mean age 9.0 years; 56% female) completed multi-modal, emotional assessments in the lab when rested and after two nights of sleep restriction (7h and 6h in bed, respectively). Sleep was monitored with polysomnography and actigraphy. Subjective reports of affect and arousal, psychophysiological reactivity, and objective emotional expression were examined during two emotional processing tasks, including one where children were asked to suppress their emotional responses. Results After sleep restriction, deleterious alterations were observed in children’s affect and their emotional reactivity, expression, and regulation. These effects were primarily limited to positive emotional stimuli. The presence of anxiety symptoms moderated most of the alterations in emotional processing observed after sleep restriction. Conclusion Results suggest inadequate sleep preferentially impacts positive compared to negative emotion in pre-pubertal children and that pre-existing anxiety symptoms amplify these effects. Implications for children’s everyday socio-emotional lives and long-term affective risk are highlighted. Support NIMH grant #R21MH099351

scholarly journals Emotional Suppression as a Moderator for the Impact of a Transgression on Consumers’ Satisfaction

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 27-43
Author(s):  
Danielle Mantovani ◽  
José Carlos Korelo ◽  
Paulo Henrique Muller Prado ◽  
Tatiane SIlva dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Emotional Suppression ◽  
Emotion Suppression ◽  
Marketing Relationship ◽  
Satisfaction Evaluation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

Despite the increasing amount of research about the effects of a sellers transgression on consumers relationship quality evaluation, existing theory still demands more insights into consumers capacity to suppress the negative emotions that a transgression might generate. This research proposes that consumers are not always equally influenced by a transgression because some individuals demonstrate a higher capacity to suppress the negative emotions that arise from a sellers transgression. An experimental study in a controlled virtual book store was developed, simulating a real website. Participants were randomly allocated into one of the two conditions: transgression vs. non-transgression scenario. We demonstrate that consumers who are better able to suppress the negative emotions experienced a lower decrease in their satisfaction evaluation of the relationship with the seller after a transgression than those who had a lower negative emotion suppression capacity behavior. These results shed light into the boundary conditions of the transgressions in B2C marketing relationship. This research is therefore intended to make contributions to the literature of marketing relationship in a transgression context.DOI: 10.5585/remark.v12i4.2537

scholarly journals An overview of current mental health in the general population of Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from the COLLATE project

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Rossell ◽  
Erica Neill ◽  
Andrea Phillipou ◽  
Eric Tan ◽  
Wei Lin Toh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Australian Community ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health And Well Being

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) poses significant mental health challenges globally; however, to date, there is limited community level data. This study reports on the first wave of data from the COLLATE project (COvid-19 and you: mentaL heaLth in AusTralia now survEy), an ongoing study aimed at understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health and well-being of Australians. This paper addresses prevailing primary concerns related to the COVID-19 pandemic, current levels of negative emotions and risk factors predicting these negative emotions. On April 1st to 4th 2020, 5158 adult members of the Australian general public completed an online survey. Participants ranked their top ten current primary concerns about COVID-19, and completed standardized measures to ascertain levels of negative emotions (specifically, depression, anxiety and stress). Socio-demographic information was also collected and used in the assessment of risk factors. The top three primary concerns were all related to the health and well-being of family and loved ones. As expected, levels of negative emotion were exceptionally high. Modelling of predictors of negative emotions established several risk factors related to demographic variables, personal vulnerabilities, financial stresses, and social distancing experiences; particularly being young, being female, or having a mental illness diagnosis. The data provides important characterization of the current mental health of Australians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Critically, it appears that specific groups in the Australian community may need special attention to ensure their mental health is protected during these difficult times. The data further suggests the need for immediate action to combat high levels of psychological distress, along with the exacerbation of mental health conditions, in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. These results may provide some direction for international researchers hoping to characterize similar issues in other countries.

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