scholarly journals A scoping review of HIV epidemiologic, sociocultural and programmatic studies related to transgender women and men who have sex with men in Cambodia, 1999-2019

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254490
Author(s):  
Jan W. de Lind van Wijngaarden ◽  
Frits van Griensven ◽  
Ly Penh Sun ◽  
Stephen Wignall
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Hiv Epidemic ◽  
Sex With Men

Background Cambodia is widely credited for its successful HIV epidemic control. However, in recent years there have been signs of increasing HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW). This paper reviews HIV epidemiological, social science and HIV program implementation studies conducted over the past 20 years to explore possible reasons for the rising HIV prevalence among these groups and to formulate recommendations for improved policies, HIV programmatic interventions and further research. Methods For this scoping review, we searched the PubMed and Google Scholar databases for scientific publications related to HIV and MSM and TGW in Cambodia published since 1999. From each of the returned citations we subsequently studied reference lists to find additional data sources. We also searched websites for reports commissioned by national and international governmental and non-governmental organizations. Results Twenty-seven relevant studies and papers were found and reviewed; most were epidemiological in nature. Recent epidemiological studies and reports show an increase in HIV prevalence among Cambodian MSM and TGW. The epidemiology of HIV infection in these groups has been relatively well-described and analyzed. While initially MSM and TGW were grouped together, in more recent years they have been studied in their own right, recognizing their specific HIV and other prevention needs. Few studies were found investigating Cambodian same-sex cultures and social and cultural contexts in which HIV transmission among MSM and TGW occurs. A few evaluation studies were found, but it remains unknown how effective current HIV service implementation modalities are, or how successful strategies to increase access to essential HIV prevention, testing and treatment services have been employed for MSM and TGW in Cambodia. Conclusions Research about Cambodian MSM and TGW in the context of HIV primarily concerns bio-behavioral knowledge generation. Cambodia is unlikely to achieve control of the HIV epidemic among MSM and TGW without doing better in-depth social science research on its multiple sexual- and gender minority cultures, and without understanding what differentiated implementation modalities, strategies and approaches are most effective to address HIV among its increasingly diverse MSM and TGW populations.

scholarly journals The continuing HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men and transgender women in the ASEAN region: implications for HIV policy and service programming

Sexual Health ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frits van Griensven ◽  
Jan Willem de Lind van Wijngaarden ◽  
Patrick Castillo Eustaquio ◽  
Stephen Wignall ◽  
Iskandar Azwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Phnom Penh ◽  
Sex With Men

Men who have sex with men (MSM) in Western urban areas have seen substantive decreases in new diagnoses of HIV infection. This paper explores whether such declines are present among MSM and transgender women (TGW) in Southeast Asia and discusses implications for HIV policies and programming. A scoping review was conducted of scientific publications and selected documents regarding the spread of HIV infection among MSM and TGW in major urban centres of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region. Continued high HIV prevalence and incidence among MSM are found in integrated behavioural and biological surveillance (IBBS) and research studies. HIV prevalence among MSM under IBBS decreased only in Bangkok from 28.6% in 2014 to 10.3% in 2018, whereas it was increasing in Kuala Lumpur, Ho Chi Minh City, Vientiane, and Phnom Penh. HIV/AIDS case reports regarding new HIV infection diagnoses among MSM have started to decrease in Singapore since 2011 and have been plateauing in Metropolitan Manila since 2017. Where data were available, it was found that HIV prevalence among TGW was high and if IBBS was conducted, it was increasing. HIV prevalence among TGW under IBBS in Jakarta had risen to 34.0% (2015) and 14.0% (2019) in Phnom Penh. These findings suggest that most ASEAN member states have so far failed to effectively implement and scale-up scientifically proven biomedical HIV prevention measures and counter stigma and discrimination that impedes access to appropriate HIV prevention and treatment services for MSM and TGW.

scholarly journals Is the HIV Epidemic Stable among MSM in Mexico? HIV Prevalence and Risk Behavior Results from a Nationally Representative Survey among Men Who Have Sex with Men

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e72616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Bautista-Arredondo ◽  
M. Arantxa Colchero ◽  
Martín Romero ◽  
Carlos J. Conde-Glez ◽  
Sandra G. Sosa-Rubí
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Hiv Epidemic ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Sex With Men

scholarly journals HIV prevalence and incidence in a cohort of South African men and transgender women who have sex with men: the Sibanye Methods for Prevention Packages Programme (MP3) project

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (S6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick S Sullivan ◽  
Nancy Phaswana‐Mafuya ◽  
Stefan D Baral ◽  
Rachel Valencia ◽  
Ryan Zahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Sex With Men

Trends in HIV prevalence among people injecting drugs, men having sex with men, and female sex workers in Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (13) ◽  
pp. 1337-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostyantyn Dumchev ◽  
Yana Sazonova ◽  
Tetiana Salyuk ◽  
Olga Varetska
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Hiv Epidemic ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Generation Surveillance

Once recognized as the most severe in Europe, the HIV epidemic in Ukraine is concentrated among people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, and female sex workers. Integrated biobehavioral surveys, as a part of the second generation surveillance, are used to monitor HIV infection trends in key populations since 2002. The present paper is focused on the analysis of HIV prevalence trends in four nationally representative rounds of integrated biobehavioral surveys from 2008/9, 2011, 2013, and 2015 in people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, and female sex workers. Between 2008/9 and 2015, the HIV prevalence has decreased significantly in people who inject drugs (24.2 to 22.0%) and female sex workers (13.6 to 6.3%), while the change in men who have sex with men was not significant (8.5 to 7.8%). There was a significant increase in people who inject drugs and men who have sex with men between 2013 and 2015. In subgroups younger than 25 years, prevalence increased more than twofold in men who have sex with men (1.9 to 4.3%), with no changes in people who inject drugs and female sex workers. The observed decline in prevalence, especially in young subgroups, may result from the effect of extensive prevention efforts on drug injection-related transmission. Recent increase in young men who have sex with men may be a sign of a new wave of the epidemic in this group.

scholarly journals HIV epidemic in fishing communities in Uganda: A scoping review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249465
Author(s):  
Patou Masika Musumari ◽  
Teeranee Techasrivichien ◽  
Kriengkrai Srithanaviboonchai ◽  
Rhoda K. Wanyenze ◽  
Joseph K. B. Matovu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Fishing Communities ◽  
Hiv Incidence ◽  
Hiv Epidemic ◽  
Related Risk

Background Fishing communities in many Sub-Saharan African countries are a high-risk population group disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. In Uganda, literature on HIV in fishing communities has grown extensively since the first country’s documented case of HIV in a fishing community in 1985. The current study describes the status of the HIV burden, prevention, and treatment in Ugandan fishing communities. Method This scoping review was conducted based on the York Framework outlined by Arksey and O’Malley. We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases to identify relevant quantitative and qualitative studies on HIV incidence, HIV prevalence, HIV-related risk factors, HIV testing, antiretroviral therapy coverage and adherence, and interventions to improve treatment outcomes and reduce HIV risk factors. Results & conclusion We identified 52 papers and 2 reports. Thirty-four were quantitative, 17 qualitative, and 3 had a mixed-methods design. Eleven studies reported on the prevalence of HIV and 8 on HIV incidence; 9 studies documented factors associated with HIV incidence or HIV positive status; 10 studies reported on HIV testing coverage and/or associated factors; 7 reported on antiretroviral therapy coverage/adherence/outcomes; and 1 study reported on the impact of combination HIV interventions in fishing communities. This scoping review revealed a significant lack of evidence in terms of what works in HIV prevention and for improving adherence to ART, in contrast to the relatively large amount of evidence from observational quantitative and qualitative studies on HIV prevalence, incidence and related risk factors in Ugandan fishing communities. Intervention studies are urgently needed to fill the current evidence gaps in HIV prevention and ART adherence.

Using tailored media as an innovative approach to recruit to global health research

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjinnov-2021-000743
Author(s):  
Keerti Gedela ◽  
Gerri McHugh ◽  
Dian Saputra ◽  
Hendry Luis ◽  
Alan McOwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Short Film ◽  
Global Health Research ◽  
Vulnerable Communities ◽  
Hiv Epidemic ◽  
Social Science Study ◽  
Sex With Men

Digital media has a global reach that includes increasingly marginalised and vulnerable communities. Engaging, empowering media paired with key health messaging can provide education in more effective ways, build trust and bring communities together. An HIV testing and study recruitment film was co-created with a multidisciplinary team of HIV/sexual health physicians, medical and social science researchers from Bali, Jakarta and London, as well as members of the community and commercial film and media creatives. This short film provides a novel and innovative approach to recruit to a social science study and encourage HIV testing among men who have sex with men in Indonesia. This study aims to inform a digital HIV risk reduction tool for a community affected by increasing marginalisation and a fast-growing HIV epidemic.

scholarly journals Alarmingly High HIV Prevalence Among Adolescent and Young Men Who have Sex with Men (MSM) in Urban Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa G. Johnston ◽  
Phyumar Soe ◽  
Asti Setiawati Widihastuti ◽  
Artha Camellia ◽  
Tarinanda Adzani Putri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Steady Partner ◽  
Hiv Epidemic ◽  
Young Msm ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

AbstractIndonesia’s HIV epidemic is concentrated among key populations. While prevalence among men who have sex with men (MSM) is high, transmission among young MSM (15–24-years-old) remains poorly understood. We conducted a respondent driven sampling survey of 211 young MSM in urban Bandung, Indonesia in 2018–2019 to estimate HIV prevalence and associated risk factors. Thirty percent of young MSM were HIV antibody positive. This is nearly 100-fold greater than Indonesia’s population prevalence and sevenfold higher than average estimates for young MSM across Asia and the Pacific Region. Individual risk factors associated with HIV infection were being 20–24 years old, having a steady partner and preferring the receptive position during sex. Issues of stigma, discrimination and social exclusion were common. Few young MSM who were open with friends and family members about their sexual identity. Among those that were, close to half reported experiencing feelings of aversion from these groups. Wider structural factors that reduce social tolerance, restrict the rights of young MSM and compel concealment of sexual identity are likely to fuel high-risk behaviors and limit access to essential testing care and support services including pre-exposure prophylaxis which is not yet widely available. Urgent health, social, legal and political actions are required to respond to these factors and reduce the disproportionate contribution of young MSM to Indonesia’s HIV epidemic.

scholarly journals Participatory Research and Empowerment: A Conceptual Revisit of the Debate on Alternative Social Science Research

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 115-129
Author(s):  
Youba Raj Luitel
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Alternative Research

After the 1970s, there has been a growing emphasis on participatory research aimed at capturing people’s lived realities of everyday lives. The proponents of participatory research (also called alternative research) build on a critique of what is called “extractive,” top-down, and so-called objective empirical research of positivist kind. In contrast, alternative research method embeds research with empowerment and regards survey based conventional research as instrumental. This paper first introduces basic premises of alternative research method together with its philosophical underpinning. Drawing arguments from Robert Chambers the following section compares and contrasts the conventional and alternative research methods. Further, a paradigm shift in social science research in terms of reversals of frame, reversals of modes, reversal of relation and reversal of power is dealt. The final section draws a conclusion that compared to survey based, “objective,” conventional research method, participatory researches are superior in facilitating knowledge generation process, eventually empowering the people.Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.11, 2017; 115-129

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