The influence of hydration status on ion transport in the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) skin—An in vitro study

The preservation of physiological transport of ions and water content is particularly important for maintaining the skin barrier, touch and pain stimuli, as well as the initiation of skin regeneration processes, especially after treatments associated with breaking skin continuity and wound healing difficulties. The aim of the study was to assess changes in ion transport, measured as values of transepithelial electric resistance and potential difference in stationary conditions and during mechanical-chemical stimulations, depending on the hydration status of isolated rabbit skin specimens. The specimens were divided into five groups: control (n = 22), dehydrated in 10% NaCl (n = 30), rehydrated after dehydration (n = 26), dried at 37°C (n = 26), and rehydrated after drying (n = 25). Dehydrated tissue samples showed altered resistance compared to the control; this change was maintained regardless of rehydration. In the dehydrated samples, changes in the measured electric potential were also noted, which returned to values comparable with the control after rehydration. Dehydrated skin, regardless of the cause of dehydration, responds with changes in the transport of sodium and chloride ions and the altered cellular microenvironment. It could influence the perception of stimuli, particularly pain, and slow down the regeneration processes.

Download Full-text

The immediate influence of deltamethrin on ion transport through rabbit skin. An in vitro study

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology ◽

10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.04.011 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 148 ◽

pp. 144-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Iga Hołyńska-Iwan ◽

Joanna Bogusiewicz ◽

Dagmara Chajdas ◽

Karolina Szewczyk-Golec ◽

Magdalena Lampka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ion Transport ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Rabbit Skin

Download Full-text

Effect of Propolis Preparations on Transepithelial Electrical Potential, Resistance, and Ion Transport in In Vitro Study

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/3756092 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Paulina Smyk ◽

Iga Hołyńska-Iwan ◽

Dorota Olszewska-Słonina

Keyword(s):

Electrical Resistance ◽

Ussing Chamber ◽

Electrical Potential ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Ringer Solution ◽

Chloride Ions ◽

Propolis Extract ◽

Ions Transport

Background. Propolis and its ethanol extract show positive germicidal, bacteriostatic, and anti-inflammatory antioxidants and regenerative properties after use on the surface of the skin. Propolis is in common use in production of cosmetics and in folk medicine. The influence of this resinous mixture on ion channels, channels located in skin cells membranes and skin electrical resistance, was not explained. Objective. The main aim of the study was the evaluation of electrophysiological skin parameters during mechanical and chemical-mechanical stimulation after use of ethanol extract of propolis and propolis ointment in comparison with iso-osmotic Ringer solution. Methods. Skin fragments were taken from white New Zealand rabbits and distributed into three experimental groups which were incubated in ethanol extract of propolis (EEP), propolis ointment, and Ringer solution. Then they were placed in a Ussing chamber to measure electrophysiological parameters values. Results. In this study the influence of EEP on changes in value of electrical potential during block of chloride ions transport at the same time was observed. Ethanol propolis extract dissolved in water increases the transepidermal sodium ions transport in contrast to propolis ointment. Conclusion. The way of preparation cosmetics, which contain propolis, has effects on transepidermal ions transport in the rabbit’s skin. The value of skin electrical resistance is changing with penetration depth of active propolis substances contained in cosmetics.

Download Full-text

Azaspiracids Increase Mitochondrial Dehydrogenases Activity in Hepatocytes: Involvement of Potassium and Chloride Ions

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md17050276 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 276 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marco Pelin ◽

Jane Kilcoyne ◽

Chiara Florio ◽

Philipp Hess ◽

Aurelia Tubaro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chloride Channels ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Chloride Ions ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

The European Union ◽

Channel Inhibition ◽

Dehydrogenases Activity

Background: Azaspiracids (AZAs) are marine toxins that are produced by Azadinium and Amphidoma dinoflagellates that can contaminate edible shellfish inducing a foodborne poisoning in humans, which is characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms. Among these, AZA1, -2, and -3 are regulated in the European Union, being the most important in terms of occurrence and toxicity. In vivo studies in mice showed that, in addition to gastrointestinal effects, AZA1 induces liver alterations that are visible as a swollen organ, with the presence of hepatocellular fat droplets and vacuoles. Hence, an in vitro study was carried out to investigate the effects of AZA1, -2, and -3 on liver cells, using human non-tumor IHH hepatocytes. Results: The exposure of IHH cells to AZA1, -2, or -3 (5 × 10−12–1 × 10−7 M) for 24 h did not affect the cell viability and proliferation (Sulforhodamine B assay and 3H-Thymidine incorporation assay), but they induced a significant concentration-dependent increase of mitochondrial dehydrogenases activity (MTT reduction assay). This effect depends on the activity of mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I and II, being counteracted by rotenone and tenoyl trifluoroacetone, respectively. Furthermore, AZAs-increased mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity was almost totally suppressed in the K+-, Cl−-, and Na+-free media and sensitive to the specific inhibitors of KATP and hERG potassium channels, Na+/K+, ATPase, and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channels. Conclusions: These results suggest that AZA mitochondrial effects in hepatocytes derive from an imbalance of intracellular levels of K+ and, in particular, Cl− ions, as demonstrated by the selective reduction of toxin effects by CFTR chloride channel inhibition.

Download Full-text

Pulp tissue dissolution capacity of QMix 2in1 irrigation solution

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.4103/1305-7456.163229 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 09 (03) ◽

pp. 423-427 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Dilara Arslan ◽

Mehmet Burak Guneser ◽

Alper Kustarci ◽

Kursat Er ◽

Seyda Herguner Siso

Keyword(s):

Saline Solution ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Pulp Tissue ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Canal Irrigation ◽

Root Canal Irrigation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group 2

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the tissue dissolution efficacy of four root canal irrigation solutions (sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl], chlorhexidine gluconate [CHX], Octenidine [OCT], and QMix 2in1) on bovine pulp tissue. Materials and Methods: Fifty bovine pulp tissue samples, each weighing 6.55 mg, were prepared and randomly divided into four experimental groups and one control group (n = 10) according to the dissolution irrigants used: (1) 5.25% NaOCl group; (2) 2% CHX group; (3) OCT group; (4) QMix 2in1 group; and (5) control group (saline solution). These samples were then placed into special bovine dentin reservoir models and immersed for 1 h with each test solution (0.1 mL of each) at room temperature. The pulp samples were then blotted dry and weighed again. The percentage of weight loss was calculated. Statistically analyzed with one-way analysis of variance and post-hoc Tukey tests (P = 0.05). Results: Saline solution did not dissolve the bovine pulp tissue. All groups, except OCT, dissolved pulp samples more effectively than the control group (P < 0.05). The highest tissue dissolution was observed in 5.25% NaOCl group (P < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between the tissue-dissolving effect between QMix 2in1 and those of 2% CHX. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, NaOCl exhibited the best tissue-dissolving effect out of all solutions tested. CHX and QMix 2in1 were able to dissolve pulp tissue but less than NaOCl. OCT and saline solutions could not exhibit significantly tissue-dissolving effectiveness. This study shown that QMix 2in1 has little capacity to dissolve pulp tissue therefore used alone is not sufficient for this purpose.

Download Full-text

Capsaicin Used on Skin Influences Ion Transport Pathways: An in vitro Study

Skin Pharmacology and Physiology ◽

10.1159/000481689 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 19-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Iga Hołyńska-Iwan ◽

Inga Dziembowska ◽

Paulina Smyk ◽

Magdalena Lampka ◽

Dorota Olszewska-Słonina

Keyword(s):

Ion Transport ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Transport Pathways

Download Full-text

The Ablation Properties of CO2Laser Irradiating to Absorption Media: An In Vitro Study

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2012/230967 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sajee Sattayut ◽

Kittiwut Hortong ◽

Chorpaka Kitichaiwan

Keyword(s):

Light Microscope ◽

Continuous Wave ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Vitro Experiment ◽

In Vitro Experiment ◽

Tissue Alteration ◽

The Media

This study aimed to compare histological affected zone of tissue samples irradiated by defocused CO2laser at 1, 2, and 3W continuous wave with and without absorption media. The in vitro experiment was conducted in 70 tissue blocks. The samples were randomly allocated into 7 groups: 10 samples each group, namely, the groups irradiated with 1, 2, and 3W, defocused CO2laser for 5 seconds, the groups irradiated with 1, 2, and 3W, defocused CO2laser to the absorption media, and the media alone group as a control. Then the samples were stained with Masson’s trichrome and measured the affected borders under light microscope at 10 × 10 magnification. There was no histological alteration in the groups irradiated with the defocused CO2laser to the absorption media while the groups without using the absorption media showed the tissue alteration by photoablation.

Download Full-text