scholarly journals Socioeconomic status and the likelihood of informal care provision in Japan: An analysis considering survival probability of care recipients

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256107
Author(s):  
Yoko Ibuka ◽  
Yui Ohtsu
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Financial Assets ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Term Insurance ◽  
The Difference

Studies show that the burden of caregiving tends to fall on individuals of low socioeconomic status (SES); however, the association between SES and the likelihood of caregiving has not yet been established. We studied the relationship between SES and the likelihood of adults providing long-term care for their parents in Japan, where compulsory public long-term insurance has been implemented. We used the following six comprehensive measures of SES for the analysis: income, financial assets, expenditure, living conditions, housing conditions, and education. We found that for some SES measures the probability of care provision for parents was greater in higher SES categories than in the lowest category, although the results were not systematically related to the order of SES categories or consistent across SES measures. The results did not change even after the difference in the probability of parents’ survival according to SES was considered. Overall, we did not find evidence that individuals with lower SES were more likely to provide care to parents than higher-SES individuals. Although a negative association between SES and care burden has been repeatedly reported in terms of care intensity, the caregiving decision could be different in relation to SES. Further research is necessary to generalize the results.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Status and Long-Term Care Provision to Parents in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 725-725
Author(s):  
Yoko Ibuka ◽  
Yui Ohtsu
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Burden Of Care ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Japanese Adults ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Socioeconomic status (SES) is generating considerable interest in terms of health of individuals, but how it is associated with long-term care has not been established yet. We study the relationship between SES and long-term care provision to parents among the Japanese adults using JSTAR. We use the following six measures of SES for the analysis: income, asset, expenditure, living condition, housing condition and education. We find a greater probability of care provision to parents among those in higher SES categories for some SES measures, compared to the lowest category. However, after considering the survival probability of parents, the relationship is reversed and the probability of care provision is found to be greater among lower SES individuals. The association is more pronounced among males. The association is likely to be partly mediated by care needs of parents. These results suggest a higher burden of care disproportionately falls in low SES individuals.

Intertemporal impulsivity can also arise from persistent failure of long-term plans

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisheeth Srivastava ◽  
Narayanan Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Social Utility ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Intertemporal Discounting ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Failures

AbstractWe suggest that steep intertemporal discounting in individuals of low socioeconomic status (SES) may arise as a rational metacognitive adaptation to experiencing planning and control failures in long-term plans. Low SES individuals' plans fail more frequently because they operate close to budgetary boundaries, in turn because they consistently operate with limited budgets of money, status, trust, or other forms of social utility.

Measuring and Promoting Acceptance of Young Children with Disabilities

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paddy C. Favazza ◽  
Leslie Phillipsen ◽  
Poonam Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Young Children With Disabilities ◽  
Acceptance Scale ◽  
The Individual

The results of two studies are presented: (a) an examination of the reliability of the Acceptance Scale for Kindergartners with a sample of non-Caucasian, low socioeconomic status (SES) children, and (b) the efficacy of an intervention designed to promote acceptance of young children with disabilities with this new sample. Results indicate that the Acceptance Scale for Kindergarten—Revised is reliable and that various components of a special friends intervention yield differential results. Specifically, results indicate that children exposed to individual components of the intervention had short-term gains in acceptance of individuals with disabilities, while children exposed to the whole intervention had short-term and long-term gains in acceptance. Exposure to the whole program is more effective than any of the individual components in producing greater changes in levels of acceptance of young children with disabilities.

scholarly journals Impact of Formal Care Use on Informal Care from Children after the Launch of Long-Term Care Insurance in Shanghai, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2938
Author(s):  
Huimin Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyi Zhang ◽  
Youhua Zhao ◽  
Jianfeng Huang ◽  
Wenwei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Informal Care ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Formal Care ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Term Insurance ◽  
The Impact

The impact of formal care (co-paid by long term care (LTC) insurance) on informal care is critical to the improvement and promotion of public policy. We conducted an interview-based survey to examine how the use of formal care impacts the use of informal care in Shanghai, which was one of China’s first long-term insurance pilots in 2016. In addition to total informal care time, the following four types of informal care were considered: (1) household activities of daily living (HDL) tasks, (2) activities of daily living (ADL) tasks, (3) instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) tasks, and (4) supervision tasks. Of the 407 families, an average of 12.36 h (SD = 6.70) of informal care was crowded out each week. Among them, ADL tasks, HDL tasks, and supervision tasks were reduced an average of 4.60 (SD = 3.59), 5.50 (SD = 3.38), and 2.10 h (SD = 3.06) per week, respectively. Each additional hour of formal care reduced 0.473 h of informal care. Care recipients’ gender and health status were also determined to be associated with crowding out hours of informal care. These findings can be utilized as empirical evidence for decision-makers to consider the scope of funding for formal care, and this study provides comparable results to developing countries and regions.

Physical Activity in Prepubescent Children: Relationship with Residential Altitude and Socioeconomic Status

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han C.G. Kemper ◽  
Mariëlle Spekreijse ◽  
Jaap Slooten ◽  
G. Bertheke Post ◽  
Desiree C. Welten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
School Day ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender

The main purpose of this study was to measure physical activity of 10- to 12-year-old prepubescent boys and girls living in Bolivia at low altitude (400 m above sea level) and at high altitude (4,000 m) with either a low socioeconomic status (LSES) or a high socioeconomic status (HSES). Habitual physical activity was measured by 24-hour heart rate (HR) monitoring during a normal school day. The mean HR is expressed as a percentage of heart rate reserve (HRR%) and the time spent at 50–85% HRR. Analysis by ANOVA showed no significant effects (p > .05) in HRR%. However, the boys spent significantly (p < .05) more time at 50–85% HRR (M = 51 min) than did girls (M = 34 min), and LSES children significantly (p < .01) more (M = 51 min) than HSES children (M = 32 min). There was also a significant interaction between SES and gender, indicating that the difference between boys and girls was significantly (p < .05) greater in LSES than in HSES, and the difference between LSES and HSES children was significantly (p < .05) greater in boys than in girls.

Tomorrow never knows: Paradoxical effects of a future prime on performance among low socioeconomic status college students

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Dayle Herrmann ◽  
Jessica Bodford ◽  
Robert Adelman ◽  
Oliver Graudejus ◽  
Morris Okun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Paradoxical Effects
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