scholarly journals Soil urease inhibition by various plant extracts

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258568
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ajmal Rana ◽  
Rashid Mahmood ◽  
Sajid Ali
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Urea Hydrolysis ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Urease Inhibition ◽  
Jack Bean Urease ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Jack Bean ◽  
Soil Urease

Urea is the most popular and widely used nitrogenous fertilizer. High soil urease activity rapidly hydrolyses applied urea to ammonia which contributes to soil nitrogen (N) losses and reduces N use efficiency of crop plants. The ammonia losses can be minimized by the inhibition of soil urease activity which has been explored using various potential chemical inhibitors. However, the soil urease activity inhibition potential of plant extracts is rarely explored to date. In the present study, extracts of 35 plant materials were taken and evaluated against jack bean urease. Eleven extracts, showing >50% jack bean urease inhibition, were selected and further investigated in 13 soils collected from various districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Interestingly, except Capsicum annum, Melia azedarach, Citrus reticulata and Quercus infectoria, the plant extracts showed urease inhibition activities in soils, the extent of which was lower as compared to that observed in jack bean urease though. Maximum urea hydrolysis inhibition (70%) was noted with Vachellia nilotica which was 40% more than that of hydroquinone (50%) followed by that of Eucalyptus camaldulensis (24%). The extracts of V. nilotica and E. camaldulensis were coated on urea and applied to soil in the next step. At 21st day, 239% and 116% more urea-N was recovered from soil treated with V. nilotica and E. camaldulensis extracts coated urea, respectively, as compared to uncoated urea. Conclusively, these results indicated that the coating of V. nilotica and E. camaldulensis extracts on urea prills prolonged urea persistence in soil owing to minimum urea hydrolysis, probably, the extracts of V. nilotica and E. camaldulensis showed their urease inhibition potential. The results of this study provide a base line for the identification of new soil urease inhibitor compounds from plant materials in future.

Jack bean urease inhibition by substituted ureas

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Cervelli ◽  
P. Nannipieri ◽  
G. Giovannini ◽  
A. Perna
Keyword(s):  
Urease Inhibition ◽  
Jack Bean Urease ◽  
Jack Bean

EFFECTS OF CATECHOL AND P-BENZOQUINONE ON THE HYDROLYSIS OF UREA AND ENERGY BARRIERS OF UREASE ACTIVITY IN SOILS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. TOMAR ◽  
A. F. MacKENZIE
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Urea Hydrolysis ◽  
Urease Inhibitors ◽  
Soil Urease ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Urea

The effects of the urease inhibitors, catechol and p-benzoquinone, and temperature on the hydrolysis of urea in five soils were investigated in a laboratory study. Urea hydrolysis decreased significantly with the amount of inhibitors applied and increased significantly with each 5 °C increase in temperature from 5 to 25 °C. The effectiveness of inhibitors generally decreased with increases in temperature from 5 to 25 °C. The correlation of hydrolysis of urea with organic matter contents of the soils was highly significant (r = 0.67** to 0.86**). Both catechol and p-benzoquinone tended to increase the energies and entropies of activation of soil urease and the effect was enhanced with a decrease in soil organic matter. It is suggested that an increase in the activation energy of the soil urease as a result of inhibitor use was related to an increase in the effectiveness of the inhibitor. Key words: Urease inhibitors, urea hydrolysis, energy of activation

scholarly journals Kinetics and mechanism of jack bean urease inhibition by Hg2+

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana Du ◽  
Mingming Chen ◽  
Zhaodi Liu ◽  
Liangquan Sheng ◽  
Huajie Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetics And Mechanism ◽  
Urease Inhibition ◽  
Jack Bean Urease ◽  
Jack Bean

Deactivation of jack bean urease in urea hydrolysis

1996 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palligarnai T. Vasdudevan ◽  
Yatin Gokarn
Keyword(s):  
Urea Hydrolysis ◽  
Jack Bean Urease ◽  
Jack Bean

scholarly journals Botanical Control of Late Blight of Potato

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
BL Maharjan ◽  
K Shreshta ◽  
S Basnyat
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Eupatorium Adenophorum ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Late Blight Of Potato

Late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) De Bary is one of the most devastating diseases of potato. Although a large number of synthetic fungicides have been recommended to control this organism, most of them have proved to be pollutive, carcinogenic and the pathogen develops resistance quickly. Botanical control is one of the safe substitutes to be explored to control this phytopathogen. In the present study an attempt has been made to evaluate the antifungal activity of plant extracts against the above pathogen. Crude ethanolic extracts of five different plant materials viz. Brassica nigra, Cinnamomum camphora, Eupatorium adenophorum, Lantana camara and Melia azedarach were screened and tested against the fungal isolate of P. infestans. The antifungal activity of the crude extracts was evaluated by agar well diffusion method and two fold broth dilution method. The moisture content was highest in the twigs of L. camara and lowest in the cake of B. nigra. C. camphora gave the highest yield of 70% while M. azedarach had the lowest yield of (9.75%) of crude extracts. B. nigra was found most effective against P. infestans with both MIC and MFC values at 6.25mg/ml while C. camphora was found least effective. Different types of plant extracts with different concentrations significantly (P<0.05) inhibited the growth of the pathogen. The extracts used in this experiment were found to be suitable for the control of the pathogen. Key words: botanical control; antifungal; MIC; ZOI; MFC DOI: 10.3126/njst.v11i0.4087Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 11 (2010) 37-40

scholarly journals Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Urease Inhibition of 4-Bromo-N’-(1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)benzohydrazide and Its Dinuclear Copper(II) Complex

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 804-810
Author(s):  
Hui Zhao ◽  
Xiu-Rui Liu ◽  
Xue Wang ◽  
Jing Hu ◽  
Ya-Jun Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Urease Inhibition ◽  
Jack Bean Urease ◽  
Jack Bean ◽  
Dinuclear Copper ◽  
Single Crystal Structures ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Bridging Groups

A new dinuclear copper(II) complex [Cu2(μ-Br)2L2] · 0.5 MeOH with the benzohydrazone ligand 4-bromo-N’-(1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)benzohydrazide (HL) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and UV-Vis spectroscopic studies. Single crystal structures of the complex and the benzohydrazone compound were studied. The Cu atoms in the complex are coordinated by two benzohydrazone ligands and two Br bridging groups, forming square pyramidal coordination. The complex has good inhibitory activity on Jack bean urease, with IC50 value of 1.38 μmol L-1.

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