scholarly journals Car seat impact on driver’s sitting behavior and perceived discomfort during prolonged real driving on varied road types

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259934
Author(s):  
Pascaline Lantoine ◽  
Mathieu Lecocq ◽  
Clément Bougard ◽  
Erick Dousset ◽  
Tanguy Marqueste ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Car Seat ◽  
Driving Time ◽  
Pressure Profiles ◽  
Seat Cushion ◽  
Road Type ◽  
Body Discomfort ◽  
Whole Body Vibrations

Prolonged driving under real conditions can entail discomfort linked to driving posture, seat design features, and road properties like whole-body vibrations (WBV). This study evaluated the effect of three different seats (S1 = soft; S2 = firm; S3 = soft with suspension system) on driver’s sitting behavior and perceived discomfort on different road types in real driving conditions. Twenty-one participants drove the same 195 km itinerary alternating highway, city, country, and mountain segments. Throughout the driving sessions, Contact Pressure (CP), Contact Surface (CS), Seat Pressure Distribution Percentage (SPD%) and Repositioning Movements (RM) were recorded via two pressure mats installed on seat cushion and backrest. Moreover every 20 minutes, participants rated their whole-body and local discomfort. While the same increase in whole-body discomfort with driving time was observed for all three seats, S3 limited local perceived discomfort, especially in buttocks, thighs, neck, and upper back. The pressure profiles of the three seats were similar for CP, CS and RM on the backrest but differed on the seat cushion. The soft seats (S1 & S3) showed better pressure distribution, with lower SPD% than the firm seat (S2). All three showed highest CP and CS under the thighs. Road type also affected both CP and CS of all three seats, with significant differences appearing between early city, highway and country segments. In the light of these results, automotive manufacturers could enhance seat design for reduced driver discomfort by combining a soft seat cushion to reduce pressure peaks, a firm backrest to support the trunk, and a suspension system to minimize vibrations.

Perception thresholds for whole-body vibrations on an airplane seat

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. 2327-2335
Author(s):  
Louis Krause ◽  
Stephan Töpken ◽  
Steven van de Par
Keyword(s):  
Rear Seat ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Seat Cushion ◽  
Frequency Independent ◽  
Distinct Frequency ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Whole Body Vibrations

The comfort during a flight on an aircraft is important for passengers. Like many other physical factors, vibrations of the airplane may negatively affect comfort. To understand the impact of vibration on comfort, it is important to know in which way the vibrations transmitted through the seat affects the perception of whole-body-vibrations. In this study, perception thresholds for vertical sinusoidal whole-body vibrations with frequencies between 20 Hz and 75 Hz were determined on a vibration platform with a typical economy class aircraft seat bench. Acceleration levels were recorded with accelerometers placed at the right rear seat rail and inside a seat cushion between the seat surface and the participant. The results show a distinct frequency dependency of the detection thresholds when measured at the seat rail. When taking the difference between the two measurement positions into account and describing the thresholds by the acceleration levels at the seat cushion, the determined perception thresholds are nearly frequency independent up to 50 Hz. This finding is in good agreement with literature data suggesting that the specific experimental setup does not play a big role in this frequency range. Differences above 50 Hz might be explained by the additional armrests in the present study.

scholarly journals Exposure of Children in a Bicycle Trailer to Whole-Body Vibration

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Stefan Schwanitz ◽  
Arne Stuff ◽  
Stephan Odenwald
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Load Case ◽  
Tire Pressure ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Road Type ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Whole Body Vibrations

This study investigated the effects of road surface (tarmac, gravel, cobblestones), load case (single passenger, two passengers), tire pressure (3.0, 4.0, 5.0 bar), and cycling velocity (10.0, 17.5, 25.0 km/h) on the whole-body vibration of children being transported in a bicycle trailer. Two types of passive dummies were utilized to mimic a baby and a toddler passenger in terms of weight and height. Road type and cycling velocity caused statistically significant change on the magnitude of whole-body vibrations. Overall, vibration total values were on the “uncomfortable” level of the vibration discomfort scale or even above. The major limitation of the study is the application of passive dummies, which might not represent the biodynamics of the target population.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Driver Ride-Comfort through Reduction of Transmitted Vibrations by using Different Materials for Car Seat Cushion

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 2988-2992
Keyword(s):  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Car Seat ◽  
Seat Cushion ◽  
Iso 2631 ◽  
Fea Analysis ◽  
Melamine Foam

The aim of this work is to simulate reduction of whole-body vibration represented by acceleration that is transmitted through seat to the driver in a passenger car by studying different cushion materials for the seat. The accelerations at the interface of driver and seat are studied for an exposure period of eight hours as per ISO 2631-1(1997) standards. The entire study is done using FEA analysis in ANSYS 19.2. The simulation has been carried out for three different base accelerations representing three different road conditions and also for three different weights of drivers which are assigned to the manikin model sitting on the seat. Two cushion materials namely melamine foam and rebonded foam, in addition to regufoam which is commonly used in the cars have been taken up for study. For 65 kgf, 75 kgf and 85 kgf driver weights, rebonded foam results in an average A(8) reduction by 13.8%, 19.48% and 30.34% respectively whereas melamine foam has reduced it by 5.19%, 5.80% and 14.54% respectively for the same conditions. It is therefore suggested that rebonded foam gives better comfort compared to the existing regufoam and melamine for seat cushioning of the car studied.

Multi-Axis Sinusoidal Whole-Body Vibrations: Part I — How Long Should the Vibration and Rest Exposures Be for Reliable Discomfort Measures?

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Dickey ◽  
Michele L. Oliver ◽  
Paul-Emile Boileau ◽  
Tammy R. Eger ◽  
Lana M. Trick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body ◽  
Whole Body Vibrations

Frequency dependence of vertical whole-body vibration perception - is your car rattling or humming?

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (2) ◽  
pp. 4913-4918
Author(s):  
Anna Schwendicke ◽  
M. Ercan Altinsoy
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Dependence ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Frequency Content ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Acoustic Stimuli ◽  
The Past ◽  
Whole Body Vibrations ◽  
Vibration Perception

Humans perceive whole-body vibration in many daily life situations. Often they are exposed to whole-body vibration in combination with acoustic events. Sound and vibration usually stems from the same source, for example concerts or travelling in vehicles, such as automobile, aircrafts, or ships. While we can describe acoustic stimuli using psychoacoustic descriptors such as loudness or timbre, the description human perception of whole body vibration frequently has been reduced to comfort or quality in the past. Unlike loudness or timbre, comfort and quality are dependent on the overall context. Especially in vehicles expectations might differ lot between different vehicle classes. Previous studies have evaluated a large range of suitable descriptors for whole-body vibrations that are independent of context. They suggest that certain descriptors are driven to a large extend by the frequency content of the vibration. This study systematically investigates the influence of frequency content on the perception of whole-body vibration varying frequency content and intensity of the vibrations. The results verify the frequency dependence of specific descriptors and identify the respective frequency ranges.

scholarly journals Influence of Tire Characteristics of Interurban Taxis on Exposure Level to Drivers Whole-Body Vibrations

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Milad Derakhshanjazari ◽  
Mohammadreza Monazzam ◽  
Seyed mostafa Hosseini ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Whole Body Vibrations

scholarly journals Effect of Road Profile on Suspension System of Heavy Truck

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Salem F. Salman
Keyword(s):  
Steering System ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Profile ◽  
Road Roughness ◽  
Road Type ◽  
Heavy Truck ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Stability

All vehicles are affected by the type of the road they are moving on it.  Therefore the stability depends mainly on the amount of vibrations and steering system, which in turn depend on two main factors: the first is on the road type, which specifies the amount of vibrations arising from the movement of the wheels above it, and the second on is the type of the used suspension system, and how the parts connect with each other. As well as the damping factors, the tires type, and the used sprungs. In the current study, we will examine the effect of the road roughness on the performance coefficients (speed, displacement, and acceleration) of the joint points by using a BOGE device.

scholarly journals Occupational Vibration in Urban Bus and Influence on Driver’s Lower Limbs

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-66
Author(s):  
M. Cvetkovic ◽  
J. Santos Baptista ◽  
M. A. Pires Vaz
Keyword(s):  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
Iso 2631 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Whole Body Vibrations

The whole-body vibration occurs in many occupational activities, promoting discomfort in the working environment and inducing a variety of psycho – physical changes where consequences as a permanent dysfunction of certain parts of the organism may occur. The main goal of this short systematic review is finding the articles with the most reliable results relating whole-body vibrations to buses and, to compare them with the results of drivers’ lower limbs musculoskeletal disease which occurs as a consequence of many year exposure. PRISMA Statement Methodology was used and thereby 27 Scientific Journals and 25 Index - Database were searched through where 3996 works were found, of which 24 were included in this paper. As a leading standard for analysis of the whole-body vibration the ISO 2631 – 1 is used, while in some papers as an additional standard the ISO 2631-5 is also used for the sake of better understanding the vibrations. Furthermore, the European Directive 2002/44 / EC is included where a daily action exposure to the whole-body vibrations is exactly deter-mined. All the results presented in the paper were compared with the aforesaid standards. After having searched the databases, papers that deal with research of the impact of the vibration on the driver’s lower limbs did not contain any information’s on the described problem.

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