scholarly journals Difference in predictors and barriers to arts and cultural engagement with age in the United States: A cross-sectional analysis using the Health and Retirement Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261532
Author(s):  
Meg Fluharty ◽  
Elise Paul ◽  
Jessica Bone ◽  
Feifei Bu ◽  
Jill Sonke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cultural Engagement ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Higher Educational Attainment ◽  
Arts Engagement ◽  
Retirement Study

Introduction Arts and cultural engagement are associated with a range of mental and physical health benefits, including promoting heathy aging and lower incidence of age-related disabilities such as slower cognitive decline and slower progression of frailty. This suggests arts engagement constitutes health-promoting behaviour in older age. However, there are no large-scale studies examining how the predictors of arts engagement vary with age. Methods Data from the Health and Retirement Study (2014) were used to identify sociodemographic, life satisfaction, social, and arts appreciation predictors of (1) frequency of arts engagement, (2) cultural attendance, (3) difficulty participating in the arts, and (4) being an interested non-attendee of cultural events. Logistic regression models were stratified by age groups [50–59, 60–69, ≥70] for the frequency of arts participation outcome and [50–69 vs ≥70] all other outcomes. Results Findings indicated a number of age-related predictors of frequent arts engagement, including gender, educational attainment, wealth, dissatisfaction with aging, and instrumental activities of daily living (iADL). For cultural event attendance, lower interest in the arts predicted lack of engagement across age groups, whereas higher educational attainment and more frequent religious service attendance became predictors in older age groups (≥ 70). Adults in both age groups were less likely to report difficulties engaging in the arts if they had lower neighbourhood safety, whilst poor self-rated health and low arts appreciation also predicted reduced likelihood of this outcome, but only in the younger (50–69) age group. Adults in the older (≥ 70) age group were more likely to be interested non-attendees of cultural events if they had higher educational attainment and less likely if they lived in neighbourhoods with low levels of safety. Conclusions Our results suggest that certain factors become stronger predictors of arts and cultural engagement and barriers to engagement as people age. Further, there appear to be socioeconomic inequalities in engagement that may increase in older ages, with arts activities overall more accessible as individuals age compared to cultural engagement due to additional financial barriers and transportation barriers. Ensuring that these activities are accessible to people of all ages will allow older adults to benefit from the range of health outcomes gained from arts and cultural engagement.

scholarly journals TSH enhancement of FT4 to FT3 conversion is age dependent

2016 ◽  
Vol 175 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Strich ◽  
Gilad Karavani ◽  
Shalom Edri ◽  
David Gillis
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Free T3 ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Differential Increase ◽  
Retrospective Examination ◽  
Tsh Levels

ObjectiveWe previously reported increasing free T3 (FT3) to free T4 (FT4) ratios as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) increases within the normal range in children. It is not known if this phenomenon is age-related among humans, as previously reported in rats. This study examines the relationships between TSH and FT3/FT4 ratios in different ages.DesignRetrospective examination of thyroid tests from patients without thyroid disease from community clinics.MethodsFree T3, free T4, and TSH levels from 527 564 sera collected from patients aged 1 year or greater were studied. Exclusion criteria were the following: missing data, TSH greater than 7.5mIU/L, and medications that may interfere with thyroid hormone activity. A total of 27 940 samples remaining after exclusion were stratified by age. Samples with available anthropometric data were additionally stratified for body mass index (BMI). Correlations of TSH to FT4, FT3, and FT3/FT4 ratios by age group were examined.ResultsUp to age 40, for each increasing TSH quartile, FT3 and the FT3/FT4 ratio increased and FT4 decreased significantly (for both FT3, FT4 and FT3/FT4 ratio,P<0.05 for every TSH quartile when compared with the 1st quartile, except FT3 in the 30–40 age group). In older age groups, increasing TSH was not associated with increased FT3/FT4 ratio.ConclusionAs TSH levels increase, FT3/FT4 ratios increase until age 40, but this differential increase does not occur in older age groups. This may reflect a decrease in thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3) conversion with age, which may be part of the aging process.

scholarly journals Age-Related Differences in the Informational Experiences and Needs of Patients with Lymphoma: Results from the 2020 Lymphoma Coalition Global Patient Survey

Blood ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 138 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1929-1929
Author(s):  
Olufunmilayo A Bamigbola ◽  
Lorna E Warwick
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Lymphomas can occur in all age groups but most commonly occur in older adults. Despite the shift towards patient- centered care, very little has been done to explore the information needs of patients with lymphoma by age. It is important for information to accessible to patients of all ages, as informed patients are consistently associated with better outcomes and healthcare experiences. In this study, Lymphoma Coalition (LC) describes the age-related differences in the information needs of patients with lymphoma using the 2020 LC Global Patient Survey (GPS). The objectives of this study were to identify: 1) how patients felt about the amount of information they received at diagnosis 2) the content of the information received at diagnosis and the level of understanding, and 3) their informational needs. Methods Globally, 11,878 respondents including 9,179 patients and 2,699 caregivers took part in the 2020 LC GPS. There were 9,078 patients included in this analysis who self-identified their age. These patients were grouped into five age groups for analysis: 18-29 (n=638), 30-39 (n=1,196), 40-59 (n=3,261), 60-69 (n=2,216), and 70+ (n=1,767). Demographics of the five age groups were examined, and descriptive analyses for all questions relating to information needs were performed in IBM SPSS v27. Results The five age groups differed significantly (p&lt; 0.001) in all the demographic categories examined. These categories included lymphoma subtype, sex, area of residence, education level, employment status, and household status. Patients were asked how they felt about the amount of information given to them at diagnosis. The oldest age group (70+) reported the highest prevalence (70%) of having received the right amount of information (Table 1). The younger age groups (18-29; 30-39; and 40-59) reported the highest prevalence of not receiving enough information (38%, 42%, and 41% respectively). Although not many patients reported being given too much information, of those who did, the younger age groups (18-29; 30-39; and 40-59) were the most prevalent (10%; 7%; and 5% respectively) (Table 1). Patients were asked about the type of information given to them at diagnosis, and how well they understood it. Compared to the younger age groups, the older age groups (60-69 and 70+) more frequently reported that they received and understood information given to them on different medical treatment options, the process and stages of their care, and how to manage side effects of treatment (Table 1). Patients were also asked what they needed more information about (Table 1). The top three areas that all patients needed more information about (regardless of age group) were treatment options, side effects from treatment, and their diagnosis and what it means. There was significant difference in the prevalence of how these information needs were reported between the age groups (Table 1). There was also significant difference in the prevalence of reporting a need for more information on support for self care, psychological support/counselling, and fertility across the age categories (Table 1). The lowest prevalence for needing more information in any of these areas was observed in the older age groups (60-69 and 70+), while the highest prevalence was observed in the youngest age groups (18-29 and 30-39) (Table 1). Although few patients reported not needing more information in any of these areas, its reporting was most prevalent in the older age groups (60-69 and 70+) (12% and 19%, respectively) (Table 1). Summary/Conclusions This analysis revealed that patients with lymphoma/CLL experience medical information differently across age groups. Compared to the mid and oldest patient groups, younger patients with lymphoma or CLL reported experiencing medical information differently than older patients do and reported less understanding of the medical information given to them. The younger patients also reported higher informational needs about their disease and treatment that may also be related to their age (e.g. information on fertility and family support). Clinicians should note these differences in age-group experiences and information needs, with the understanding that younger patients with lymphoma or CLL may require additional information, attention, and support. In the future, LC would like to explore how demographic differences may have confounded results. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Changes in the Hierarchy of Functional Impairment from Middle Age to Older Age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca T Brown ◽  
L Grisell Diaz-Ramirez ◽  
W John Boscardin ◽  
Anne R Cappola ◽  
Sei J Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
State Models ◽  
Retirement Study ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Background Understanding the hierarchy of functional impairment in older adults has helped illuminate mechanisms of impairment and inform interventions, but little is known about whether hierarchies vary by age. We compared the pattern of new-onset impairments in activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental ADLs (IADLs) from middle age through older age. Methods We conducted a cohort study using nationally representative data from 32486 individuals enrolled in the Health and Retirement Study. The outcomes were new-onset impairment in each ADL and IADL, defined as self-reported difficulty performing each task, assessed yearly for 9 years. We used multi-state models and competing risks survival analysis to estimate the cumulative incidence of impairment in each task by age group (ages 50-64, 65-74, 75-84, and 85 or older). Results The pattern of incident ADL impairments differed by age group. Among individuals ages 50-64 and 65-74 who were independent at baseline, over 9 years’ follow-up, difficulties dressing and transferring were the most common impairments to develop. In individuals ages 75-84 and 85 or older who were independent at baseline, difficulties bathing, dressing, and walking were most common. For IADLs, the pattern of impairments was similar across age groups; difficulty shopping was most common followed by difficulty managing money and preparing meals. Complementary analyses demonstrated a similar pattern. Conclusions These findings suggest that the hierarchy of ADL impairment differs by age. These findings have implications for the development of age-specific interventions to prevent or delay functional impairment.

scholarly journals Influence of Patient Age on Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotypes Causing Invasive Disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 556-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Inostroza ◽  
Ana Maria Vinet ◽  
Gloria Retamal ◽  
Pedro Lorca ◽  
Gonzalo Ossa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Sterile Site ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT All clinical S. pneumoniae specimens isolated from patients with invasive or sterile-site infections admitted to one regional general hospital in southern Chile were collected during a 5-year period (February 1994 to September 1999). A total of 247 strains belonging to 50 serotypes were isolated in this survey: 69 in patients under 5 years of age, 129 in patients 5 to 64 years old, and 49 from patients 65 years and older. Eight serotypes were identified in all age groups, while all other serotypes were found exclusively in one age group or in patients over 4 years of age. Serotype 3 was never found in patients under 5 years old, and serotype 14 was not found in patients >64 years of age. There was no difference in the serotypes causing infection in each one of the 5 years of the survey. Our results suggest that both bacterial virulence factors and host factors play an important role in the selection of S. pneumoniae serotypes causing invasive infection. Possible host factors include age-related differences in the immune response. Comparative studies with other areas of the world may help to further understanding of our observations in southern Chile.

Age and outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: why do older patients fare worse?

1996 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Lanzino ◽  
Neal F. Kassell ◽  
Teresa P. Germanson ◽  
Gail L. Kongable ◽  
Laura L. Truskowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
Symptomatic Vasospasm ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Advanced age is a recognized prognostic indicator of poor outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The relationship of age to other prognostic factors and outcome was evaluated using data from the multicenter randomized trial of nicardipine in SAH conducted in 21 neurosurgical centers in North America. Among the 906 patients who were studied, five different age groups were considered: 40 years or less, 41 to 50, 51 to 60, 61 to 70, and more than 71 years. Twenty-three percent of the individuals enrolled were older than 60 years of age. Women outnumbered men in all age groups. Level of consciousness (p = 0.0002) and World Federation of Neurological Surgeons grade (p = 0.0001) at admission worsened with advancing age. Age was also related to the presence of a thick subarachnoid clot (p = 0.0001), intraventricular hemorrhage (p = 0.0003), and hydrocephalus (p = 0.0001) on an admission computerized tomography scan. The rebleeding rate increased from 4.5% in the youngest age group to 16.4% in patients more than 70 years of age (p = 0.002). As expected, preexisting medical conditions, such as diabetes (p = 0.028), hypertension (p = 0.0001), and pulmonary (p = 0.0084), myocardial (p = 0.0001), and cerebrovascular diseases (p = 0.0001), were positively associated with age. There were no age-related differences in the day of admission following SAH, timing of the surgery and/or location, and size (small vs. large) of the ruptured aneurysm. During the treatment period, the incidence of severe complications (that is, those complications considered life threatening by the reporting investigator) increased with advancing age, occurring in 28%, 33%, 36%, 40%, and 46% of the patients in each advancing age group, respectively (p = 0.0002). No differences were observed in the reported frequency of surgical complications. No age-related differences were found in the overall incidence of angiographic vasospasm; however, symptomatic vasospasm was more frequently reported in the older age groups (p = 0.01). Overall outcome, assessed using the Glasgow Outcome Scale at 3 months post-SAH, was poorer with advancing age (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis of overall outcome, adjusting for the different prognostic factors, did not remove the age effect, which suggests that the aging brain has a less optimal response to the initial bleeding. Age as a risk factor is a continuum; however, there seems to be a significant increased risk of poor outcome after the age of 60 years.

scholarly journals Young Children's Exposure to and Ability to Eat Different Food Textures, as Reported by Parents (P11-119-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Smith-Simpson ◽  
Lisa Fries ◽  
Carolyn Ross
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Food Texture ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Age Appropriate

Abstract Objectives The objective was to identify the age at which parents expose their children to different food textures and how challenging the textures were for their child to eat. It was hypothesized that older children would be exposed to a wider variety of food textures and that parents would consider a larger proportion of these textures to be easy to eat. Methods Parents (n = 365) in Grand Rapids, MI, USA with a child aged 6–36 months completed an online survey. The survey had 37 questions, including 15 unique food texture categories with food examples (Table 1). Parents were asked how difficult each texture category was for their child to eat using a 5-point scale ranging from “Very Easy” to “Very Difficult”, plus an option for “My child hasn't tried this yet”. Children were divided into 5 age groups (6-8 months, 9–12 months, 13–18 months, 19–24 months, 25–36 months) for analysis. Across texture category and age group, data were analyzed using analysis of variance, with mean separation accomplished using Fisher's LSD (P < 0.05). Results A majority of children in the youngest age group (6-8 months) had only eaten foods described as creamy, dissolvable, or pureed. All of the texture categories had been served to a majority of 9–12 month-old children, except for “hard” and “tough meat”. By 18 months of age, a majority of children had tried all food texture categories except “hard”. Across all age groups, creamy, dissolvable, and puree were rated as easy and “tough meat” was rated as difficult. The other textures showed age-related differences, with parents of older children reporting the textures as easier to eat than those of younger children. Food textures were compared within the 9–12 and 13–18 month age groups, when most new food textures are introduced, and similar trends were observed. The easiest textures were creamy, dissolvable, puree and soft, followed by lumpy and juicy, then slippery, chewy, rubbery, and sticky. The most difficult textures were leafy, with skin, hard, tough meat and combination of textures. Conclusions When considering textures of the foods that comprise a well-balanced, healthy diet, many foods are difficult for children to eat. Preparing foods such as green vegetables specifically to have age-appropriate textures could improve consumption. Funding Sources Washington State Univ College of Agricultural, Human and Natural Resource Emerging Research Issues Grant.

scholarly journals SAT-168 Adrenal Incidentalomas: Impact of Patient Age on Referral Rates for Endocrine Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Fryer ◽  
Sarah Hancock ◽  
Cherian George ◽  
Basil George Issa ◽  
Simon Lea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Adrenal Incidentaloma ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adrenal Incidentalomas ◽  
Patient Age ◽  
Radiology Reports ◽  
Patient Âgé ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Ct And Mri

Abstract It is estimated that the prevalence of adrenal incidentaloma increases with age: ~3% of those aged 50 years, rising to 10% in those &gt;70 years (1). Given the aging population together with increased utilisation of cross-sectional imaging in the UK (eg CT urogram, MR angiogram), we explored the proportion of patients with adrenal incidentaloma by age based on current imaging trends. Furthermore, there is no information currently available on the relationship between age and pattern of endocrine referrals. We extracted data for all CT and MRI scans from Jan 2018-Oct 2019 and used key phrases in radiology reports (eg adrenal adenoma/lesion/mass/nodule/incidentaloma, incidental adrenal, indeterminate adrenal) to identify potential lesions. We also extracted data on patient age and referral patterns as identified by a logged referral or an attendance (new or follow-up) to endocrine clinic 3 months post index scan, stratified by 10 year age groups. Where possible, we excluded false hits (eg no adrenal lesion). Preliminary data showed that, of the 2604 potential lesions identified by CT and MRI scans, 78.7% were on patients aged over 60 years. The numbers of identified lesions gradually increased with age to a peak in the 71-80 year age group after which these declined. Whilst patients younger that 60 years had fewer potential lesions identified, they were more likely to be referred to endocrine services (73 out of 55 patients; 13.2%) than those in the older age group (168 out of 2049; 8.2%; p&lt;0.001). Indeed there was a statistically significant trend towards decreasing referral with age group (Chi-squared test for trend; p&lt;0.001). In conclusion, patients over 60 years have a higher number of potential adrenal incidentalomas. However, this group is less likely to be referred for endocrine evaluation. This is particularly concerning given the large number of scans requested and the higher prevalence of incidentalomas in this age group. This study represents preparatory work on innovations to enhance case detection, particularly in the older age groups (2). 1. Fassnacht M, Arlt W, Bancos I, et al. Management of adrenal incidentalomas: European Society of Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline. Eur J Endocrinol. 2016;175:G1-G34 2. Hanna FWF, Issa BG, Lea SC, George C, Golash A, Firn M, Ogunmekan S, Maddock E, Sim J, Xydopoulos G, Fordham R, Fryer AA. Adrenal lesions found incidentally: how to improve clinical and cost-effectiveness. BMJ Open Quality. 2019;In press.

scholarly journals Assessment of Cognitive Aging Using an SSVEP-Based Brain–Computer Interface System

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saraswati Sridhar ◽  
Vidya Manian
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Cognitive Deterioration ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Frequency Detection ◽  
Band Power ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Bci System

Cognitive deterioration caused by illness or aging often occurs before symptoms arise, and its timely diagnosis is crucial to reducing its medical, personal, and societal impacts. Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) stimulate and analyze key cerebral rhythms, enabling reliable cognitive assessment that can accelerate diagnosis. The BCI system presented analyzes steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEPs) elicited in subjects of varying age to detect cognitive aging, predict its magnitude, and identify its relationship with SSVEP features (band power and frequency detection accuracy), which were hypothesized to indicate cognitive decline due to aging. The BCI system was tested with subjects of varying age to assess its ability to detect aging-induced cognitive deterioration. Rectangular stimuli flickering at theta, alpha, and beta frequencies were presented to subjects, and frontal and occipital Electroencephalographic (EEG) responses were recorded. These were processed to calculate detection accuracy for each subject and calculate SSVEP band power. A neural network was trained using the features to predict cognitive age. The results showed potential cognitive deterioration through age-related variations in SSVEP features. Frequency detection accuracy declined after age group 20–40, and band power declined throughout all age groups. SSVEPs generated at theta and alpha frequencies, especially 7.5 Hz, were the best indicators of cognitive deterioration. Here, frequency detection accuracy consistently declined after age group 20–40 from an average of 96.64% to 69.23%. The presented system can be used as an effective diagnosis tool for age-related cognitive decline.

Age groups changes in self-rated health: A prospective longitudinal study over a 20-year period using Health Survey of North Trøndelag data

2020 ◽  
pp. 140349482090462
Author(s):  
Frode Lysberg ◽  
Siw Tone Innstrand ◽  
Milada Cvancarova Småstuen ◽  
Cathrine Lysberg ◽  
Magnhild Mjåvatn Høie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Background: The aim of the study was to investigate changes in self-rated health (SRH) between different age groups and sexes over a 20-year period. Methods: Data were retrieved from the large longitudinal Health Survey of North Trøndelag, Norway, which includes data collected from more than 190,000 participants aged 20–70+ years between the years 1984 and 2008. Data were analysed using logistic regression and adjusted for sex. Results: From 1984 to 2008, the odds of scoring higher on SRH decreased by 46% in the youngest age group (20–29 years) and increased by approximately 35% in the middle-aged and older age groups (40–70+ years). When considering sex differences, women in most age groups scored lower than the men on their SRH. Conclusions: Our finding suggest a trending shift in SRH, with a reduction in the youngest age group (20–29 years) and an increase in the middle-aged and older age groups (40–70+ years). Despite the sex differences being small, our data indicate that in most age groups, women tend to score lower than men on their SRH. Future studies should focus on these trends to understand better the mechanisms underlying these changes in SRH and to follow future trends to see if the trend is reinforced or diminished.

scholarly journals Comparison of anthropometric data quality in children aged 6-23 and 24-59 months: lessons from population-representative surveys from humanitarian settings

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Bilukha ◽  
Alexia Couture ◽  
Kelly McCain ◽  
Eva Leidman
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Digit Preference ◽  
Anthropometric Indicators ◽  
Younger Age

Abstract Background Ensuring the quality of anthropometry data is paramount for getting accurate estimates of malnutrition prevalence among children aged 6–59 months in humanitarian and refugee settings. Previous reports based on data from Demographic and Health Surveys suggested systematic differences in anthropometric data quality between the younger and older groups of preschool children. Methods We analyzed 712 anthropometric population-representative field surveys from humanitarian and refugee settings conducted during 2011–2018. We examined and compared the quality of five anthropometric indicators in children aged 6–23 months and children aged 24–59 months: weight for height, weight for age, height for age, body mass index for age and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) for age. Using the z-score distribution of each indicator, we calculated the following parameters: standard deviation (SD), percentage of outliers, and measures of distribution normality. We also examined and compared the quality of height, weight, MUAC and age measurements using missing data and rounding criteria. Results Both SD and percentage of flags were significantly smaller on average in older than in younger age group for all five anthropometric indicators. Differences in SD between age groups did not change meaningfully depending on overall survey quality or on the quality of age ascertainment. Over 50% of surveys overall did not deviate significantly from normality. The percentage of non-normal surveys was higher in older than in the younger age groups. Digit preference score for weight, height and MUAC was slightly higher in younger age group, and for age slightly higher in the older age group. Children with reported exact date of birth (DOB) had much lower digit preference for age than those without exact DOB. SD, percentage flags and digit preference scores were positively correlated between the two age groups at the survey level, such as those surveys showing higher anthropometry data quality in younger age group also tended to show higher quality in older age group. Conclusions There should be an emphasis on increased rigor of training survey measurers in taking anthropometric measurements in the youngest children. Standardization test, a mandatory component of the pre-survey measurer training and evaluation, of 10 children should include at least 4–5 children below 2 years of age.

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