The Electronic Ball and Chain? The Operation and Impact of Home Detention with Electronic Monitoring in New Zealand

2003 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Gibbs ◽  
Denise King
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Electronic Monitoring ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Prison Inmates ◽  
Intensive Supervision ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues ◽  
Offending Behaviour ◽  
The Impact

In New Zealand, Amendment No. 9 (1999) of the Criminal Justice Act 1985 introduced Home Detention Orders as an early release from prison option, implemented on the 1st October 1999. The orders, with electronic monitoring,were available to convicted offenders who had not committed serious offences and who were sentenced to, or serving, varying lengths of imprisonment.The purpose of the new scheme was to ease the transition of prison inmates back into the community. It was also hoped that home detention would result in a reduction in overall time spent in prison, as well as addressing offending behaviour through the intensive supervision and programs accompanying the home confinement. After reviewing the literature on home detention, and outlining the development and operation of home detention in New Zealand, we will discuss research undertaken by the authors during 2001. The research aimed to ascertain the impact of home detention on offenders, and their families, and to explore the views of other stakeholders, for example, probation officers and prison board members.We interviewed 21 offenders, 21 sponsors, 6 probation officers, 2 security staff and observed over 20 members of district prison boards. Eleven key findings were identified: including factors of suitability, impacts on behaviour and relationships, gender issues and the effectiveness of home detention.We conclude with a brief discussion of the implications of the research: the need to support families and sponsors, ongoing ethical and legal issues, and the acceptance of surveillance as the norm in New Zealand.

scholarly journals The patient advisor, an organizational resource as a lever for an enhanced oncology patient experience (PAROLE-onco): a longitudinal multiple case study protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Pomey ◽  
M. de Guise ◽  
M. Desforges ◽  
K. Bouchard ◽  
C. Vialaron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Clinical Oncology ◽  
Patient Experience ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Quebec is one of the Canadian provinces with the highest rates of cancer incidence and prevalence. A study by the Rossy Cancer Network (RCN) of McGill university assessed six aspects of the patient experience among cancer patients and found that emotional support is the aspect most lacking. To improve this support, trained patient advisors (PAs) can be included as full-fledged members of the healthcare team, given that PA can rely on their knowledge with experiencing the disease and from using health and social care services to accompany cancer patients, they could help to round out the health and social care services offer in oncology. However, the feasibility of integrating PAs in clinical oncology teams has not been studied. In this multisite study, we will explore how to integrate PAs in clinical oncology teams and, under what conditions this can be successfully done. We aim to better understand effects of this PA intervention on patients, on the PAs themselves, the health and social care team, the administrators, and on the organization of services and to identify associated ethical and legal issues. Methods/design We will conduct six mixed methods longitudinal case studies. Qualitative data will be used to study the integration of the PAs into clinical oncology teams and to identify the factors that are facilitators and inhibitors of the process, the associated ethical and legal issues, and the challenges that the PAs experience. Quantitative data will be used to assess effects on patients, PAs and team members, if any, of the PA intervention. The results will be used to support oncology programs in the integration of PAs into their healthcare teams and to design a future randomized pragmatic trial to evaluate the impact of PAs as full-fledged members of clinical oncology teams on cancer patients’ experience of emotional support throughout their care trajectory. Discussion This study will be the first to integrate PAs as full-fledged members of the clinical oncology team and to assess possible clinical and organizational level effects. Given the unique role of PAs, this study will complement the body of research on peer support and patient navigation. An additional innovative aspect of this study will be consideration of the ethical and legal issues at stake and how to address them in the health care organizations.

The Impact of Organisational, Social Environmental and Job Content Stressors on the Work Related Strains of Probation Officers

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare O'donnell ◽  
Christine Stephens
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Workplace Stress ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Work Stressors ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Job Content ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

In recent years workplace stress has been seen as an important occupational health and safety problem and probation officers in New Zealand have been identified as suffering from increasing perceptions of stress. Accordingly, the present study was undertaken with a sample of 50 New Zealand Probation Officers in three offices to examine the relationship of individual, organisational and work stressors with work related strains. It was predicted that work stressors would be positively related to strains and that individual differences (e.g., age or gender) would have a moderating effect on the relationship between stressors and strains. The results showed that stressors caused by organisational problems, such as role boundary and overload, were related to strains, more strongly than job content problems, such as difficult clients. Secondly, age may have a curvilinear relationship to strains. Thirdly, the office, or place of work, moderates the stressor strain relationship.

scholarly journals The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Formation and the Development of the Law

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Sébastien Lafrance
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Legal Profession ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Predictive Tools ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper explores various impacts of artificial intelligence (“AI”) on the law, and the practice of law more specifically, for example the use of predictive tools. The author also examines some of the innovations but also limits of AI in the context of the legal profession as well as some ethical and legal issues raised by the use and evolution of AI in the legal area.

Healthcare access for deaf patients – The legal and ethical perspectives

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Laur
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Medical Providers ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues ◽  
Unequal Access ◽  
Professional Interpreting ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
The Impact

Deaf patients are too often overlooked in our society despite requiring in-depth attention to their specific communication needs. If they are not able to communicate with healthcare professionals, they may be unable to access and receive appropriate care. Yet, medical providers who fail to address patients’ linguistic difficulties breach their ethical and professional duties, and face potential malpractice lawsuits. This article aims to highlight the unequal access of medical care by deaf patients and the impact of language barriers. It also provides an overview of medical providers’ ethical and legal duties to assist people with hearing disabilities and discusses the benefits of using professional interpreting services and offers recommendations to address the ethical and legal issues faced by medical professionals.

scholarly journals Should Surrogate Pregnancy Arrangements be Enforceable in Aotearoa New Zealand?

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhonda M. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Surrogate Mothers ◽  
Assisted Human Reproduction ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Egg Donors ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues ◽  
Regulatory Model

Aotearoa New Zealand has no unified regulatory system governing the ethical and legal issues that arise with surrogate pregnancy arrangements. Accordingly, legal scholars and moral philosophers have recently called for revision to parentage and payment around surrogacy. Several academics have additionally suggested making surrogate pregnancy arrangements enforceable under New Zealand law. This discussion combines empirical research with key informants and experts working in the field of assisted reproduction with interview data from surrogate mothers and ovarian egg donors about their experiences of donating reproductive materials and services. The aim of the article is to expand the conceptual toolkit of assisted human reproduction to better understand the donative acts of women who share their reproductive materials and services, and to critically examine calls to introduce a regulatory model that makes surrogacy enforceable in light of concerns about the relational complexities of these arrangements.

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