Nonadditive Genetic Effects on Hostility in South Korean Adolescent and Young Adult Twins

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 637-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon-Mi Hur
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Korean Adolescent ◽  
Adult Twins ◽  
Hostility Scale

AbstractHostility has been shown to be a vulnerability marker for various health problems. The present study examined genetic and environmental contributions to individual differences in hostility in South Korean adolescent and young adult twins. Seven hundred and nineteen same- and opposite-sex twin pairs aged from 13 to 23 years completed a hostility scale. The scalar sex-limitation model was applied to the data. The best fitting model indicated that 34% of the total variation of hostility was attributable to genetic factors operating in a nonadditive manner. The remaining 66% of the variance was associated with nonshared environmental influences and measurement error. These findings were largely consistent with results from previous twin studies of personality based on Caucasian twins, rendering support for the pervasive influence of genetic non-additivity on human personality traits and the generalization of the heritability of personality across human populations.

scholarly journals Heritability of Hwabyung Symptoms in South Korean Adolescent and Young Adult Twins

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 378-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon-Mi Hur ◽  
Eun-ji Choi ◽  
Jong-Woo Kim ◽  
Hee-Jeong Jin ◽  
Siwoo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Present Sample ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Estimate Heritability ◽  
Adult Twins

The present study aimed to estimate heritability of Hwabyung (HB) symptoms in adolescent and young adult twins in South Korea. The sample included 1,601 twins consisting of 143 pairs of monozygotic male (MZM), 67 pairs of dizygotic male (DZM), 295 pairs of monozygotic female (MZF), 114 pairs of dizygotic female (DZF), and 117 pairs of opposite-sex dizygotic (OSDZ) twins and 129 twins with non-participating co-twins (mean age = 19.1 ± 3.1 years; range: 12–29 years). An HB symptom questionnaire was given to twins via a telephone interview. Consistent with the literature of HB, the mean level of HB was significantly higher in females than in males. Maximum likelihood twin correlations for HB were 0.31 (95% CI [0.16, 0.45]) for MZM, 0.19 (95% CI [-0.05, 0.41]) for DZM, 0.50 (95% CI [0.41, 0.58]) for MZF, 0.28 (95% CI [0.11, 0.44]) for DZF, and 0.23 (95% CI [0.05, 0.40]) for OSDZ twins. These patterns of twin correlations suggested the presence of additive genetic influences on HB. Model-fitting analysis showed that additive genetic and individual-specific environmental influences on HB were 44% (95% CI [37, 51]) and 56% (95% CI [49, 63]), respectively. Shared environmental influences were not significant. These parameter estimates were not significantly different between two sexes, and did not change significantly with age in the present sample, suggesting that genetic and environmental influences on HB in both sexes are stable across adolescence and young adulthood.

Sex Differences in Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Depression Symptoms in South Korean Adolescent and Young Adult Twins

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon-Mi Hur
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
East Asians ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Korean Adolescent ◽  
Adult Twins

AbstractIt has been reported that prevalence estimates, symptom presentation, and sociocultural risk and protective factors for depression differ between Caucasian and East Asian populations. But, nonetheless, as the vast majority of twin studies of depression symptoms have been carried out using Caucasians, genetic and environmental influences on depression symptoms in East Asians remain poorly understood. In the present study, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies — Depression Scale (CES-D) was administered to 490 pairs of South Korean adolescent and young adult twins (ages: 13–23 years) by telephone interview. In males, monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twin correlations were similar (.44 vs. .41), suggesting the importance of shared environmental factors in depression symptoms. In females, however, MZ twin correlation was much greater than DZ twin correlation (.40 vs. .23), indicating the importance of genetic influences. The total phenotypic variance for the CES-D was greater in females than in males. Variance components model confirmed sex differences in the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on depression symptoms: Additive genetic, shared environmental, and individual specific environmental effects in the full model were, res pectively, 12% (95% CI: 0–54%), 32% (95% CI: 0–53%), and 56% (95% CI: 44–70%) in males, and 41% (95% CI: 0–52%), 0% (95% CI: 0–36%), and 59% (95% CI: 48–72%) in females. Similar results were observed when ‘culturally biased’ items of the CES-D were separately analyzed. These variance components estimates for depression symptoms in East Asians overlap those observed in Caucasians.

scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Influences on Vigorous Exercise in South Korean Adolescent and Young Adult Twins

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yoon-Mi Hur
Keyword(s):  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Vigorous Exercise ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Chinese Adult ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Adult Twins

Abstract Twin studies of physical exercise for Asian twins are sparse. This study aimed to examine genetic and environmental influences on frequency of vigorous exercise (FVE) in South Korean twins, with a special emphasis on sex effects. Telephone interviews on FVE were administered to 1757 twins (mean age = 19.05 years, SD = 3.01 years). Tetrachoric correlations were significantly different between monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins in males (.40 vs. .12), but they were similar in females (.44 vs. .45), suggesting the importance of genetic factors in FVE in males and that of common environmental factors in females. A scalar sex-limitation model incorporating age as a modifier was applied to data. The results revealed that genetic, common and individual environmental influences did not vary significantly with age, but differed across two sexes, confirming twin correlational analyses. In the best-fitting model, additive genetic and individual environmental influences on FVE were, respectively, .35 (95% CI [.26, .39]) and .65 (95% CI [.61, .74]) in males, and common and individual environmental influences were, respectively, .45 (95% CI [.35, .53]) and .55 (95% CI [.47, .65]) in females. These results contrasted starkly with recent findings from a large sample of Chinese adult twins (age >18 years), in which most variance (≥95%) of vigorous physical activity was attributable to common environmental influences in both sexes. Replications in other Asian samples are clearly needed.

Genetic and Environmental Covariations Among Obsessive–Compulsive Symptoms, Neuroticism, and Extraversion in South Korean Adolescent and Young Adult Twins

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon-Mi Hur
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Psychiatric Illnesses ◽  
Adult Twins

AbstractA growing literature suggests that personality traits may be endophenotype markers for psychiatric illnesses. Although the phenotypic relationships between obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and high neuroticism and low extraversion have been well documented, underlying genetic and environmental contributions to these associations have not been explored previously. Five hundred and twenty-four monozygoitc (MZ) and 228 dizygotic (DZ) pairs of adolescent and young adult twins (aged 13–24 years) drawn from the South Korean Twin Registry completed the Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) and the Neuroticism and Extraversion scale of the Eysenck Personality Scale by mail. The total score of MOCI (MOCIT) was significantly and positively correlated with Neuroticism (r= .44), but only weakly and negatively related to Extraversion (r= –.10). A trivariate Cholesky model was applied to the data. The additive genetic correlations in the best-fitting model were .51 between Neuroticism and MOCIT and –.17 between Extraversion and MOCIT, suggesting that additive genetic factors that lead to high neuroticism and low extraversion overlap with those genetic factors influencing high OC symptoms. These findings add to the cumulative evidence of the shared genetic etiology for the associations between a personality profile of high neuroticism and low extraversion and mental illnesses.

scholarly journals Shared Genetic Etiology of Hwabyung (Anger Syndrome) and Somatization Symptoms in South Korean Adolescent and Young Adult Twins

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon-Mi Hur ◽  
Hee-Jeong Jin ◽  
Siwoo Lee ◽  
Jong-Woo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Measurement Error ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Genetic Etiology ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Korean Adolescent ◽  
Shared Genetic

AbstractSomatization is known to be more prevalent in Asian than in Western populations. Using a South Korean adolescent and young adult twin sample (N = 1754; 367 monozygotic male, 173 dizygotic male, 681 monozygotic female, 274 dizygotic female and 259 opposite-sex dizygotic twins), the present study aimed to estimate heritability of somatization and to determine common genetic and environmental influences on somatization and hwabyung (HB: anger syndrome). Twins completed self-report questionnaires of the HB symptoms scale and the somatization scale via a telephone interview. The results of the general sex-limitation model showed that 43% (95% CI [36, 50]) of the total variance of somatization was attributable to additive genetic factors, with the remaining variance, 57% (95% CI [50, 64]), being due to individual-specific environmental influences, including measurement error. These estimates were not significantly different between the two sexes. The phenotypic correlation between HB and somatization was .53 (p < .001). The bivariate model-fitting analyses revealed that the genetic correlation between the two symptoms was .68 (95% CI [.59, .77]), while the individual-specific environmental correlation, including correlated measurement error, was .41 (95% CI [.34, .48]). Of the additive genetic factors of 43% that influence somatization, approximately half (20%) were associated with those related to HB, with the remainder being due to genes unique to somatization. A substantial part (48%) of individual environmental variance in somatization was unrelated to HB; only 9% of the environmental variance was shared with HB. Our findings suggest that HB and somatization have shared genetic etiology, but environmental factors that precipitate the development of HB and somatization may be largely independent from each other.

scholarly journals Suicidal Ideation, Depression, and Conduct Disorder in a Sample of Adolescent and Young Adult Twins

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Linker ◽  
Nathan A. Gillespie ◽  
Hermine Maes ◽  
Lindon Eaves ◽  
Judy L. Silberg
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Adult Twins

scholarly journals Twinship as a Resource: Zygosity- and Gender-Based Comparison of Twins’ Attitudes Toward Twinship

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 376-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Hegedűs ◽  
András Pári ◽  
Zsófia Drjenovszky ◽  
Hanna Kónya
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Cultural Goods ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Adult Twins

Aiming to perform the first sociological survey of Hungarian twins, our main question was whether being a twin has positive consequences on one's life. Adult twins completed our questionnaire at three Hungarian summer twin festivals, in hospitals during medical twin studies, and on some websites online. Data represent 140 twin pairs (mean age: 38.2 ± 14.6 years). We employed some indices for measuring the resource nature of twinship. Three main types of benefits were distinguished: profit of attraction, as ‘material capital’; the easier obtainability of cultural goods when twins take part in it, as ‘cultural capital’; and positive aspects of an a priori existing dyadic relation, as ‘relational capital’. We were interested in the difference among types of twins regarding advantages. We paid special attention to the five groups of twins derived from gender and zygosity (i.e., monozygotic females, monozygotic males, dizygotic females, dizygotic males, opposite-sex pairs). Our analysis showed that Hungarian twins involved in our research basically enjoy their twinship; during their lives they used and still make use of different benefits given by it. In our twin samples, women had more advantages from being a twin than men. Significant differences could be observed on all indicators between monozygotic and dizygotic twins.

Factors That Explain Adolescent and Young Adult Mobile Game Play, Part 1

2017 ◽  
pp. 320-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boaventura DaCosta ◽  
Soonhwa Seok
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Game Play ◽  
Mobile Game ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Game Features ◽  
Video Game Player

The first of two chapters, a study is presented that quantitatively examined the adolescent and young adult “casual” video game player. A total of 1,950 South Korean students self-reported their game play on mobile phones by answering a 92-item questionnaire designed to capture data on technology ownership; preference for game genre and titles; where and how often games were played; what factors influence game selection, what game features were the most desirable, the rationale behind playing games, and psychophysical changes experienced as a result of playing; as well as, spending habits with regard to game purchases. The findings supported many of the claims made about the casual player, revealing, for example, that mobile games are predominately played for short periods of time, in between activities, and as a means to combat boredom. Adding credence to the idea that mobile game play can be viewed as a casual activity. Results also revealed potentially positive benefits, to include improved mood and feelings of well-being along with better mental attention and focus.

scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Contributions of Negative Valence Systems to Internalizing Pathways

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Cecilione ◽  
Lance M. Rappaport ◽  
Shannon E. Hahn ◽  
Audrey E. Anderson ◽  
Laura E. Hazlett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Negative Valence ◽  
Risk Detection ◽  
Sample Characteristics ◽  
Twin Children ◽  
Adult Twins ◽  
Internalizing Disorder

The genetic and environmental contributions of negative valence systems (NVS) to internalizing pathways study (also referred to as the Adolescent and Young Adult Twin Study) was designed to examine varying constructs of the NVS as they relate to the development of internalizing disorders from a genetically informed perspective. The goal of this study was to evaluate genetic and environmental contributions to potential psychiatric endophenotypes that contribute to internalizing psychopathology by studying adolescent and young adult twins longitudinally over a 2-year period. This report details the sample characteristics, study design, and methodology of this study. The first wave of data collection (i.e., time 1) is complete; the 2-year follow-up (i.e., time 2) is currently underway. A total of 430 twin pairs (N = 860 individual twins; 166 monozygotic pairs; 57.2% female) and 422 parents or legal guardians participated at time 1. Twin participants completed self-report surveys and participated in experimental paradigms to assess processes within the NVS. Additionally, parents completed surveys to report on themselves and their twin children. Findings from this study will help clarify the genetic and environmental influences of the NVS and their association with internalizing risk. The goal of this line of research is to develop methods for early internalizing disorder risk detection.

Association between Alcohol Use and Smoking in Adolescent and Young Adult Twins

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith R. Koopmans ◽  
Lorenz J. P. van Doornen ◽  
Dorret I. Boomsma
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Adult Twins
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