scholarly journals Safeguarding Wild Plant Genetic Resources of Georgia within the Millennium Seed Bank Partnership

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Tsira Mikatadze-Panstulaia ◽  
Sandro Kolbaia ◽  
Ana Gogoladze
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Botanic Gardens ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Royal Botanic Gardens

Working group of the Department of Plant Conservation of the National Botanical Garden of Georgia (NBGG) have been participating in the global Millennium Seed Bank Partnership, led by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew since 2005. During the 2005-2018 period, within the scope of MSB-1 and MSB-2, seeds and herbarium samples of more than 1750 plant species and interspecific taxa, belonging to 107 families and 483 genera (more than 41% of Georgia’s flora) – 348 endemics of Caucasus and 151 endemics of Georgia, have been secured in the National Seed Bank of Georgia (NSB). Seed Bank data are managed in BRAHMS (Department of Plant Sciences of Oxford University). The collection of wild plant species is accompanied by the comprehensive database of geographical, botanical and habitat information. Later phase involves laboratory treatment and germination/viability testing (at least 500 seeds per species) and the long-term deposition and storage (under -20◦C temperature) at the National Seed Bank of Georgia. The duplicates of seed collection and herbarium vouchers are stored at the Millennium Seed Bank of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK. Germination capacity and viability of collections in NSB is determined before cold storage of seeds, while at the MSB already banked seeds are tested.Keywords: Seed bank; Ex-situ conservation; Plant diversity; Botanical garden; Genetic resources

scholarly journals THE PORTUGUESE NATIONAL INVENTORY ON PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES 2018 - DEVELOPMENT AND STATUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Filomena Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
National Level ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
National Inventory ◽  
Cultivated Species ◽  
Global Platform

Since the 1970s, Portugal has been endeavouring systematic and coordinated efforts for ex situ conservation of plant genetic resources. Portugal maintains in ex situ a large seed collection of cultivated species (cereals, fibres, grain legumes, vegetables), wild species (forages, MAP species), also national clone collections of olive, fruit trees and grapes. In 2011 the Portuguese National Genebank (BPGV) and ISOPLEXIS implemented the GRIN-Global platform, as provides the opportunity to increase data quality, to have long term sustainability for data curation, integrates all collections in one management system optimizing the costs and staff resources. Now, the main objective in Portugal is to implement the Grin Global Platform at the national level to consolidate its National Programme of Plant Genetic Resources (NPPGR) with all national partners directly involved in the conservation of PGR. The main objectives of this communication are: to demonstrate the valuable contribution of the Grin-Global platform to the NPPGR; discuss the development and status of the Portugal’s National Inventory 2018 in EURISCO, analyse the evolution of the amount of passport information in EURISCO from 2015 to 2018; to address the steps that are being taken in Portugal for the Implementation of the Grin-Global Platform at the national level.

scholarly journals Plant Diversity Conservation Challenges and Prospects—The Perspective of Botanic Gardens and the Millennium Seed Bank

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2371
Author(s):  
Elinor Breman ◽  
Daniel Ballesteros ◽  
Elena Castillo-Lorenzo ◽  
Christopher Cockel ◽  
John Dickie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Botanic Gardens ◽  
Integrated Conservation

There is a pressing need to conserve plant diversity to prevent extinctions and to enable sustainable use of plant material by current and future generations. Here, we review the contribution that living collections and seed banks based in botanic gardens around the world make to wild plant conservation and to tackling global challenges. We focus in particular on the work of Botanic Gardens Conservation International and the Millennium Seed Bank of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, with its associated global Partnership. The advantages and limitations of conservation of plant diversity as both living material and seed collections are reviewed, and the need for additional research and conservation measures, such as cryopreservation, to enable the long-term conservation of ‘exceptional species’ is discussed. We highlight the importance of networks and sharing access to data and plant material. The skill sets found within botanic gardens and seed banks complement each other and enable the development of integrated conservation (linking in situ and ex situ efforts). Using a number of case studies we demonstrate how botanic gardens and seed banks support integrated conservation and research for agriculture and food security, restoration and reforestation, as well as supporting local livelihoods.

scholarly journals Coletas botânicas na zona costeira do estado do Maranhão, nordeste do Brasil.

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3006
Author(s):  
Claudio Urbano Bittencourt Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
York Botanical ◽  
Smithsonian Institution ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
The State ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Botanic Gardens ◽  
New York Botanical Garden ◽  
Royal Botanic Gardens

A área costeira do estado do Maranhão representa, em grande parte, a diversidade ambiental, em especial vegetacional, do Brasil, pela sua extensão e posição geográfica transicional entre o Nordeste e o Norte do país. Este estudo pretendeu levantar, catalogar, analisar e classificar as espécies vegetais da flora de formações costeiras do estado do Maranhão presentes nas coleções e bancos de dados de jardins botânicos. Foram levantadas as espécies vegetais da zona costeira do Maranhão presentes nas coleções dos seguintes jardins botânicos: New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY, USA; Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA; Royal Botanic Gardens (KEW, UK); e Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ, Brasil). As seguintes informações foram extraídas: a) número total de espécies nas quatro instituições, por município costeiro do estado; b) espécies mais coletadas e menos coletadas; c) tipologias de vegetação nas áreas coletadas; d) espécies mais representativas nas tipologias de vegetação; e) formas de crescimento das espécies coletadas; f) distribuição temporal das coletas e das espécies coletadas; g)  presença e ausência de espécies em faixas temporais das coletas botânicas. Os dados coletados e as diferentes abordagens nas análises mostraram, no geral, que a área territorial estadual é insuficientemente coletada, com baixo número de coletas, além de temporalmente mal representadas. O estudo resume a realidade vegetal maranhense nos acervos das principais instituições botânicas do mundo e do Brasil. Botanical records of coastal formations in Maranhão, northeastern Brazil A B S T R A C TThe coastal area of the state of Maranhão represents, to a large extent, the environmental diversity, especially the plant diversity, of Brazil, due to its extension and transitional geographical position between the Northeast and the North regions of the country. This study aimed to survey the plant species of the flora from coastal plant formations in the state of Maranhão present in the collections and databases of botanical gardens. Plant species from the coastal zone of Maranhão in the collections of the following botanical gardens were surveyed: a) New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, NY, USA; b) Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA; Royal Botanic Gardens (KEW, UK); and Botanical Garden of Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ, Brazil). The following information were extracted: a) total number of species in the four institutions, by institution, by coastal state municipality; b) more collected species and less collected species; c) types of vegetation in the areas collected; d) more representative species in types of vegetation; e) forms of growth of the species collected; f) temporal distribution of collections and species collected; g) presence or absence of species in collection time frames. The data collected and the different approaches from the analysis showed, in general, that state territorial area is insufficiently collected, with a low number of collections, in addition to collections that are temporally poorly represented. This study summarizes Maranhão’s plant reality in the collections of the main botanical institutions of the world and Brazil.Keywords: botanical collections, herbarium, Maranhão.

scholarly journals Conserving orthodox seeds of globally threatened plants ex situ in the Millennium Seed Bank, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK: the status of seed collections

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 2901-2949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udayangani Liu ◽  
Tiziana A. Cossu ◽  
Rachael M. Davies ◽  
Félix Forest ◽  
John B. Dickie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Botanic Gardens ◽  
Threatened Plants ◽  
The Status ◽  
Orthodox Seeds ◽  
Royal Botanic Gardens ◽  
Seed Collections

scholarly journals Seed Exploration for Seed Banking Purpose in Cibodas Botanical Garden

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-170
Author(s):  
Musyarofah Zuhri ◽  
Dian Latifah ◽  
Fitri Kurniawati ◽  
Ikhsan Noviady ◽  
Yudi Suhendri
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Immature Seeds ◽  
Plant Collection ◽  
Orthodox Seeds

Due to contribution of Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation GSPC Botanic Gardens, Cibodas Seed Bank committed to increase its ex situ plant collection through seed banking. This research aimed to assess population and collect seeds from Cibodas remnant forests and its neighboring, Mt. Gede Pangrango National Park forest, for seed banking purpose. Thirty-two numbers of seeds belonging to fifteen families were collected. Two species were included in IUCN red list i.e. Saurauia cauliflora (vulnerable) and Magnolia blumei (least concern) and one species classified as endangered species by World Conservation Monitoring Unit (WCMC) i.e. Pinanga javana. Sixty-five percent population were possible to collect without affecting the availability of the seeds in the nature. Around a half of seeds were collected at natural dispersal stage to ensure the seed maturity. Ninety-one percent collected seeds were expected as orthodox seeds that can be stored in Cibodas Seed Bank and three species were recalcitrant and cannot be stored in Cibodas Seed Bank i.e. Calamus ciliaris, C. reinwardtii and Daemonorops rubra. Cut-test results showed 78% seed collected were full seeds, that were not infested, empty or immature seeds. This study provides information regarding the readiness of population for seed collection and species were collected and stored in Cibodas Seed Bank. 

scholarly journals Twenty Four Approaches for Conservation of Non-Orthodox Agricultural Plant Genetic Resources in Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Bal Krishna Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Agricultural Plant

The conservation of plant genetic diversity underpins the future of agriculture, food and nutrition security and is critical to ensure the ability of future generations to cope with global environmental changes. The conservation efforts were more focused on orthodox crop species in Nepal before 2010. About 40% of agricultural plant genetic resources are non-orthodox, either recalcitrant/ intermediate type or vegetatively propagated plant species. Approaches for conservation of non-orthodox plant species differ from that of orthodox crops. Different conservation approaches have been established by National Agriculture Genetic Resources Center, Nepal for conserving non-orthodox agricultural plant species. We applied household survey, literatures survey, field survey, key informant survey and organized focus group discussion for assessing the different conservation approaches. A total of 24 approaches are being considered for conservation of non-orthodox plant species. Approaches under the ex-situ strategy are field genebank, botanical garden, city park, government farm, religious place, in-vitro culture and evolutionary plant breeding; under on-farm strategy are community field genebank, school field genebank, household field genebank, community/ public orchard, village level field genebank, geographical indication and participatory landrace enhancement, and under in-situ strategy are protected area, Ramsar site, world heritage site, community forest and legal protection for conserving non-orthodox plant species in Nepal. Field genebank is the very good approach, and it has been established in about 20 research stations. It should be extended to government farms and agriculture offices to conserve the local APGRs available in their respective command areas. Databases (passport and characterization) have been generated and will be available online to enhance the utilization in breeding, research and production. 

Plant genetic resources of Ukrainian Podillia

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-61
Author(s):  
V.M. Kirian ◽  
L.A. Hlushchenko L.A. ◽  
Yu.V. Hlushchenko
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
A Site

Aim: collection of local wild and cultural gene pool accessions of the plants adapted to the conditions of Podillia region of Ukraine for a selection from them valuable on economic and biological traits, including of them in the plant-breeding and research programs and maintenance in collections of the National Plant Genebank of Ukraine. Results and Discussion. There is carried out expeditionary inspection of the districts of Vinnytsia and Khmel’nytsky areas of Ukraine. 548 gene pool accessions of cultural plants and wild relative forms adapted to the conditions of this region related to 173 botanical taxa are collected. A 151 herbarium sheets of 37 plant species are collected. Natural reserves and objects of the naturally-protected fund are explored for seed collection of rare and regionally rare species, and also vegetation of burial mounds, ravines, beams, slopes, undisturbed steppe areas. Five promising objects have been identified for monitoring the state of coenopopulations of valuable and rare genotypes of fodder and medicinal plants, their study, conservation and reproduction: The local botanical reserve "Krutoshyly" (Tyvrovsky district of Vinnytsia region between the villages of Dolgopolovka and Klishchiv), a site near v. Sadkovtsy of Mogilev-Podil’sky district of Vinnitsia region, a site near Kamenka of the Gorodotsky district of the Khmel’nytsky region, two sites in the Kamenetz-Podil’sky district of the Khmel’nytsky region: near Kitayhorod and Surzhyntsi. For the Red Book species and plant species that are not included in the Red Book of Ukraine but are rare or threatened with extinction under natural conditions, points for the establishment of in situ conservation reserves have been identified in the Vinnitsa and Khmel’nytsky regions. The collected material will ensure the expansion of the genetic base of existing and the creation of new genetic resources collections of field, medicinal and other crops due to samples characterized by adaptability to stress abiotic and resistance to biotic factors, productivity, product quality. Conclusions. 548 seeds packages and planting material units of gene pool accessions are collected during the expedition and transferred to research institutions for the study. The results of the expedition showed the promise of continuing expeditionary surveys and collecting gene pool samples in Ukraine. To do this, it is necessary to equip the NCGRU with a specialized vehicle and provide for a special article to finance expeditions.

Ex-situ conservation of medicinal plant genetic resources managed by national agrobiodiversity center of Korea

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Sung ◽  
CW Jeong ◽  
YY Lee ◽  
HS Lee ◽  
YA Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Ex Situ

scholarly journals Building a Global System for the Conservation of all Plant Diversity

2016 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Paul Smith
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Plant Conservation ◽  
Professional Community ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Botanic Gardens ◽  
Global System ◽  
Wide Range

Botanic gardens and arboreta offer the opportunity to conserve and manage a wide range of plant diversity ex situ, and in situ in the broader landscape. The rationale that botanic gardens have a major role to play in preventing plant species extinctions is based on the assumptions that (1) there is no technical reason why any plant species should become extinct, and (2) that, as a professional community, botanic gardens possess a unique set of skills that encompass finding, identifying, collecting, conserving and growing plant diversity across the entire taxonomic spectrum. Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) is the pivotal centre of a global network of c. 2,600 botanic gardens and arboreta, which includes living collections representing at least one-third of known plant diversity; world class seed banks, glasshouses and tissue culture infrastructures; and technical knowledge networks covering all aspects of plant conservation. Following the example of the crop conservation community, BGCI is promoting the concept of a cost-effective, rational,botanic garden-centred Global System for the conservation and management of plant diversity.This system will aim to collect, conserve, characterise and cultivate samples from all of the world’s rare and threatened plants as an insurance policy against their extinction in the wild and as a source of plant material for human innovation, adaptation and resilience.

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