scholarly journals Propagation of Taxus baccata ‘Green Diamond’ by cutting

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Zsuzsa Túri-Farkas ◽  
Dezső Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Solid Surface ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Green Wall ◽  
Ornamental Tree ◽  
Buxus Sempervirens ◽  
Great Tradition ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Slow Grower ◽  
Slow Propagation

Buxus sempervirens and its varieties, such as ’Suffruticosa’, are popular plants of historic as well as modem gardens. The box tree moth (Cydalima perspectalis), one of its most aggressive pests, also appeared in Hungary in 2011. Taxus baccata is also a species with a great tradition in historic gardens. This species has outstanding longevity, a good self-renewing capacity and is easy to handle. It can create a dense and solid surface that could serve as a green wall or an excellent background to colourful shrubs and blooming plants. The ’Green Diamond’ variety of Taxus baccata boasting a spherical habit similar to Buxus sempervirens ’Suffruticosa’ is a slow-grower with small, dark green leaves and would be suitable to replace ’Suffruticosa’. It tolerates pmning well and has a good renewing capacity. Taxus baccata ’Green Diamond’ is currently propagated by grafting in Western European ornamental tree nurseries, which is however a costly and slow propagation method. As part of our work, we set the aim to work out the propagation method for Taxus baccata ’Green Diamond’ by cuttings. As part of our work, we examined the propagation of Taxus baccata ’Green Diamond’ by cutting in various plant growth mediums with the application of root stimulants in different concentrations.

scholarly journals Dolomitic Lime Particle Size and Container Medium pH

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 226-227
Author(s):  
Carol E. Leda ◽  
Robert D. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Dolomitic Limestone ◽  
Medium Ph ◽  
Buxus Sempervirens ◽  
Lime Particle

Abstract Boxwood liners, Buxus sempervirens ‘Suffruticosa’, were container-grown for two years in a pine bark/peat moss medium amended with various particle sizes of dolomitic limestone. Adjustment of pH was more effectively accomplished with the finer particles. All treatments resulted in greater plant growth than the untreated control. A surface application of a commercially available pulverized dolomitic limestone was also effective in increasing the pH above the control treatment, and plants grown with the surface applied treatment were as large as any of the incorporated treatments.

scholarly journals Effects of Container Medium Peat Content and Bed Surface on Plant Growth During Capillary Irrigation

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Banko ◽  
Marcia A. Stefani
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Capillary Flow ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Sand Surface ◽  
Buxus Sempervirens ◽  
Sand Beds

Abstract Rhododendron indicum ‘Formosa’ (Formosa azalea), Buxus sempervirens (Common boxwood), and B. microphylla koreana (Korean boxwood) were grown on capillary irrigation beds of fine mortar sand kept moist with water distributed through drip tubing. The proportion of peat in the pine bark:peat:sand container medium had a significant effect on plant growth, with growth generally increasing as peat content increased from 0 to 40%. Covering the sand beds with Visqueen ground cover film to control weeds and to prevent root growth from the pots into the sand reduced plant growth, apparently by interfering with capillary flow of water from the sand to the container medium. Spraying the sand surface with Surflan A.S. (oryzalin) at 3.36 kg/ha (3 lbs ai/A) reduced weed establishment early in the growing season, but had little effect on weeds or growth of Korean boxwood roots into the sand 4 months after study initiation.

scholarly journals Multistate Evaluation of Plant Growth and Water Use in Plastic and Alternative Nursery Containers

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueni Wang ◽  
R. Thomas Fernandez ◽  
Bert M. Cregg ◽  
Rafael Auras ◽  
Amy Fulcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Coir Fiber ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Buxus Sempervirens ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Plastic Containers

Containers made from natural fiber and recycled plastic are marketed as sustainable substitutes for traditional plastic containers in the nursery industry. However, growers’ acceptance of alternative containers is limited by the lack of information on how alternative containers impact plant growth and water use (WU). We conducted experiments in Michigan, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Texas to test plant growth and WU in five different alternative containers under nursery condition. In 2011, ‘Roemertwo’ wintercreeper (Euonymus fortunei) were planted in three types of #1 (≈1 gal) containers 1) black plastic (plastic), 2) wood pulp (WP), and 3) recycled paper (KF). In 2012, ‘Green Velvet’ boxwood (Buxus sempervirens × B. microphylla siebold var. koreana) was evaluated in 1) plastic, 2) WP, 3) fabric (FB), and 4) keratin (KT). In 2013, ‘Dark Knight’ bluebeard (Caryopteris ×clandonensis) was evaluated in 1) plastic, 2) WP, and 3) coir fiber (Coir). Plants grown in alternative containers generally had similar plant growth as plastic containers. ‘Roemertwo’ wintercreeper had high mortality while overwintering in alternative containers with no irrigation. Results from different states generally show plants grown in fiber containers such as WP, FB, and Coir used more water than those in plastic containers. Water use efficiency of plants grown in alternative containers vs. plastic containers depended on plant variety, container type, and climate.

The ancient woodland concept as a practical conservation tool: the Turkish experience

2018 ◽  
pp. 213-239
Author(s):  
Simay Kırca ◽  
Alper H. Çolak ◽  
Ian D. Rotherham
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Local Level ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Ancient Woodland ◽  
Buxus Sempervirens ◽  
Ancient Woodlands ◽  
Ancient Wood

Why ancient woodlands and wood species restoration and rehabilitation is necessary? In Turkey there are over 500 taxa of trees and shrubs, however only a few of them play a vital role both naturally and culturally. The technical term here is ‘intergenerational equity’, or in plainer language, not messing things up for our children and grandchildren. In ancient woodland restoration and rehabilitation approach in Turkey, there is no lack of knowledge to implement suitable strategies, however what is more often lacking is an understanding of the overall landscape and the factors that determine whether different land-uses are mutually reinforcing or in conflict. These applications need to accommodate new perspectives and ideas to put ancient woods back into the natural and cultural landscapes. The experience gained indicates that such implementations require supportive local and national policy frameworks and a strong constituency of local-level support. As a country with already significant areas of a highly degraded nature, but also containing diverse natural and cultural landscapes, Turkey should apply suitable techniques to bring these ancient woods back into their original landscapes in order to sustain its cultural and natural heritage. Ascertaining, and then maintaining, the condition of ancient woodland in Turkey like in UK will be a major challenge for the future. Turkey contains ancient cultural landscapes with distinctive ancient wood and ancient woodlands. They are strongly influenced by human activity reaching back far into history. This is very obvious in Anatolia, a region where eastern and western civilizations meet. The region has also been recognized by eastern and western civilizations nearly as a ‘tree paradise’ with its diverse tree species adapted to different climatic and geomorphological conditions. In this context, it has been aimed to; (1) emphasize the interaction between cultural features and diverse forest landscapes with ancient woodlands, (2) introduce the understanding of ancient woodland concept in Turkey, (3) determine the typical prominent ancient woodland taxa, (4) represent some techniques in order to restore degraded ancient woodland ecosystems in Turkey and (5) seek opportunities for the planning of undisturbed ancient landscapes as a cultural heritage. Additionally, the importance of developing strategies in order to prevent the loss of ancient woodlands was tried to be illustrated by two case studies on Common yew (Taxus baccata L.) and Common boxwood (Buxus sempervirens L.), which have been continuosly present in Anatolia since thousands of years, became an important component of cultural landscapes, however strongly influenced by human activity resulting with the degardation and loss of their habitats.

scholarly journals Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Vegetative Propagation of Taxus

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 971-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Bruce ◽  
D. Bradley Rowe ◽  
James A. Flore
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Stock Plant ◽  
Plant Selection ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Dark Green

Chlorophyll fluorescence over the course of stem cutting propagation was examined in 10 cultivars of Taxus ×media (Taxus baccata L. × T. cuspidata Sieb. & Zucc.), including `Brownii', `Dark Green Pyramidalis', `Dark Green Spreader', `Densiformis', `Densiformis Gem', `Hicksii', `L.C. Bobbink', `Runyan', `Tauntoni', and `Wardii'. The fluorescence value measured was the ratio of variable over maximum chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm). This value reflects the maximum dark-adapted photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) reaction centers involved in photosynthesis and is an indirect measure of plant stress. The objective of this study was to examine Fv/Fm as a method for stock plant selection and for monitoring rooting progress of various cultivars. Fv/Fm varied significantly (P ≤ 0.05) among cultivars, initially and over time. However, there was significant overlap among some cultivars. The Fv/Fm decreased dramatically during cold storage, but usually returned to original levels after several weeks in the propagation beds. This appeared to be a reflection of the reduction of water stress as the cuttings formed roots. Initial stock plant Fv/Fm was not correlated (P ≤ 0.05) with rooting percentage, root number, root dry weight, or root length, indicating that Fv/Fm is not a reliable indicator of stock plant rooting potential. Visual assessment is just as reliable.

scholarly journals 544 Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Storage and Vegetative Propagation of Taxus

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 489C-489
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Bruce ◽  
D. Bradley Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Storage Condition ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Stock Plant ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Fluorescence Measurements ◽  
Dark Green

Propagation failures of Taxus are often attributed to cutting collection from stock plants of poor quality. If a quick, reliable method of determining the potential rooting of cuttings based on the condition of a specific stock plant was available for propagators, rooting success could be predicted before investing time, labor, and resources. Our studies examined chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) as a potential tool for stock plant selection, assessment of storage conditions, and measurement of stress over the course of propagation. Ten cultivars of Taxus × media (Taxus baccata L. × T. cuspidata Sieb. & Zucc.) were used: Brownii, Dark Green Pyramidalis, Dark Green Spreader, Densiformis, Densiformis Gem, Hicksii, L.C. Bobbink, Runyan, Tauntoni, and Wardii. Storage condition treatments consisted of desiccation (low, medium, and high), duration (34, 70, and 107 days), and temperature (–30, –2.5, 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 °C). Cultivars differed in Fv/Fm initially as well as over time. Correlations were not found between initial stock plant Fv/Fm and rooting percentage, number of roots, root dry weight, or root length, indicating that Fv/Fm is not a reliable indicator of stock plant propagation potential. Short storage duration at –2.5 to 2.5 °C was found to be ideal. Fv/Fm could detect substandard storage conditions only at temperature and desiccation extremes. Although chlorophyll fluorescence measurements do not appear to be a practical method of predicting adventitious rooting, there is a potential for assessing cutting or plant quality before shipping.

scholarly journals Persistence of Phytophthora ramorum in Soil Mix and Roots of Nursery Ornamentals

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 1245-1249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Shishkoff
Keyword(s):  
Infected Plant ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Phytophthora Species ◽  
Phytophthora Ramorum ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Acer Macrophyllum ◽  
Umbellularia Californica ◽  
Buxus Sempervirens ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Soil Mix

Although most Phytophthora species have a soilborne phase that is crucial for infection of roots and for survival away from the host, the details of the soil phase of Phytophthora ramorum are not yet fully understood. As mycelium ages, it becomes resistant to sterilization by acidic electrolyzed water (AEW), a product of the electrolysis which can be used as a disinfectant. Colonies of P. ramorum could be recovered from moist potting mix or sand for many months, whether buried as infected plant leaf tissue or as mycelium bearing chlamydospores, and the buried material was also resistant to treatment by AEW. There was no significant difference in recovery over time among treatments (sand or potting mix; infected plant tissue or mycelium); after approximately a year, colonies could be recovered at 0.8 to 14.3%. When excised roots were inoculated with P. ramorum sporangia and buried in mesh bags in potting mix, the pathogen was recovered from buried roots for at least 8 to 11 months, but it was not clear whether it was surviving as mycelium or chlamydospores. The roots of living plants of Acer macrophyllum, Buxus sempervirens, Camellia oleifera, C. sinensis, C. sasanqua, Lonicera hispidula, Taxus baccata, Umbellularia californica, Vaccinium macrocarpon, Viburnum davidii, V. tinus, V. × pragense, Rhododendron ‘Gloria’, and Syringa vulgaris were drenched with a sporangial solution of P. ramorum and incubated for a month; the pathogen could be recovered from roots of all plants except those of Buxus sempervirens and Lonicera hispidula. Recovery on selective agar medium (P5ARP) was from both washed and surface-sterilized roots, suggesting that the roots were internally infected. When chlamydospores were placed near roots and observed directly, they were seen to germinate, forming sporangia. Nearby roots became infected, the tips covered with sporangia. Therefore, P. ramorum appears to have a soil phase, at least under greenhouse and nursery conditions.

scholarly journals Фітосанітарний стан зелених насаджень міста Херсон

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Т. О. Бойко
Keyword(s):  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Aesculus Hippocastanum ◽  
Juniperus Virginiana ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Sophora Japonica ◽  
Populus Simonii ◽  
Rosa Canina ◽  
Buxus Sempervirens ◽  
Betula Pubescens Ehrh ◽  
Mahonia Aquifolium

Проаналізовано фітосанітарний стан зелених насаджень міста Херсон, багатий видовий склад дерев і кущів якого зумовили широкий спектр патогенних організмів та шкідників, що їх уражають. З'ясовано, що підвищення техногенного навантаження в урбанізованих екосистемах призвели до зниження життєздатності деревних рослин-едифікаторів Херсона. Встановлено, що патогенними організмами уражаються 45 видів досліджених деревних рослин міста. Виявлено, що найбільш вразливими до патогенних організмів є Acer negundo L., A. platanoides L., A. saccharinum L., Quercus robur L., Tilia cordata Mill., Aesculus hippocastanum L., Juglans regia L., Fraxinus excelsior L. За інтенсивністю пошкодження, яке впливає на життєвий стан рослин та їх декоративність, найбільш вразливими до дії фітопатогенів та ентомошкідників виявились Aesculus hippocastanum L., Buxus sempervirens L., Buxus sempervirens (Du Roi) Moench, Prunus divaricata Ledeb., Rosa canina L., Pinus pallasiana D. Don, Picea pungens Engelm., Juniperus virginiana L. З'ясовано, що низка дерев і кущів (Quercus rubra L., Betula pendula Roth, Betula pubescens Ehrh., Cotinus coggyria Scop., Sophora japonica L., Gymnocladus dioicus (L.) Koch, Mahonia aquifolium (Purh.) Nutt., Maclura acuminata L., Populus simonii Carr., Eucomia ulmoides Oliv., Albizia julibrissin Durazz, Symphoricarpos albus (L.) Blake, Ginkgo biloba L., Taxus baccata L.) є стійкими до дії шкідників та хвороб. Дослідження показали, що різні типи насаджень відрізняються за видовим складом патогенних організмів, а також за інтенсивністю пошкодження рослин-господарів. У паркових насадженнях частіше трапляються хвороби та шкідники листя або хвої деревних рослин. У вуличних насадженнях деревні рослини частіше пошкоджуються збудниками стовбурових і кореневих гнилей, листя рослин пошкоджуються американським білим метеликом та комахами-мінерами. Появі уражень та захворювань сприяють перестиглий вік насаджень, велике рекреаційне навантаження на зелені зони, а також відсутність регулярного кваліфікованого догляду за насадженнями. Тому на території дослідження рекомендовано проведення рубок формування та вибіркових санітарних рубок, а також регулярне та своєчасне здійснення агротехнічних заходів.

scholarly journals COMBINED EFFECT OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS (IBA AND ZEATIN) ON THE PHYSIOLOGY OF Capsicum annum L. FRUIT

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Zain Ali ◽  
Habiba Shahzad ◽  
Mubasshir Hussain ◽  
Sehrish Mushtaq ◽  
Muhammad Saleem Haider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Floral Buds ◽  
Designed Experiment ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Different Doses

Combined effect of two exogenously applied PGR i.e. IBA and Zeatin, on the fruit of Capsicum annuum L was assessed in a designed experiment. Plants were grown in pots with nine treatments and three replications. The treatments were comprised of T1-IBA 1000ppm+Zeatin 100ppm, T3-IBA 1000ppm+Zeatin 300ppm, T5-IBA 4000ppm+Zeatin 100ppm, T7-IBA 4000ppm+Zeatin 300ppm and T9-Control. T1, T3, T5, T7 were applied only at the time of floral buds emergence, whereas T2, T4, T6 and T8 were applied by dipping the floral buds during emergence and at the time of fruit development. The results showed that only T1 manifested enhance in photosynthetic pigments content i.e. chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids and its fruits showed Dark green colour. The physical parameters of fruit remained unaffected by PGR’s application.

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