scholarly journals Perinatal factors associated with autistic spectrum disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Asri Yuniastuti ◽  
Tunjung Wibowo ◽  
Djauhar Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Significant Prognostic Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Caesarean Birth ◽  
Genetic Abnormalities

Background The prevalence of autistic spectrum disorder(ASD) has increased in recent decades. The definitive causesof ASD have yet to be recognized. Howevei; it is believed thatboth genetic and non-genetic, as well as perinatal and post natalfactors influence ASD. Previous studies have shown inconsistentfindings.Objectives To assess for prematurity, birth weight, asphyxia,mode of delivery, bleeding during pregnancy, parental age andeducation, as prognostic factors for ASD.Methods We conducted a cross sectional study at schools forautistic children in Yogyakarta between February 2011 to October2012. The inclusion criteria were children with and without ASD,whose parents consented to participate in this study. Childrenwith genetic abnormalities or who planned to move away duringthe study period were excluded. A total of 48 subjects with ASDand 96 subjects without ASD were involved in this study. Datawere obtained by direct interview using questionnaires. Logisticregression analysis was performed to examine the hypoth esis.Results Multivariate analysis showed that prematurity was nota significant prognostic factor (RR 2.73; 95%CI 0.3 to 15.7) forASD. Howevei; children born by Caesarean section were 5.4 timesmore likely to have ASD (RR 5.4; 95%CI 1.3 to 22.8) comparedto those who were delivered vaginally or by vacuum extraction.Moreovet; asphyxia was also a significant prognostic factor forASD (RR 8.7; 95%CI 1.9 to 38.6) .Conclusion Prematurity is not a risk factor for ASD. Asphyxiaand Caesarean birth should be considered as potential confoundersin this study.

scholarly journals Hubungan antara pola konsumsi gluten dan kasein dengan skor CARS (childhood autism rating scale) pada anak ASD (autistic spectrum disorder)

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Rahmawati Rahmawati ◽  
Sunartini Sunartini ◽  
Madarina Julia
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Childhood Autism Rating Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background: The worldwide prevalence of ASD (Autistic Spectrum Disorder) during the last few years is increasing. The association between diet free of gluten and casein and improvement of autistic behaviors is still under questions.Objective: To study the association between the consump6tion of gluten and casein and the score of Childhood Autistic Rating Scale (CARS) in children with ASD (Autistic Spectrum Disorder). The study also aimed at understanding mothers’ attitude toward the diet.Methods: This was a cross sectional study on 10 mothers of children suffering from ASD in a clinic in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A dietician measured the consumptions of gluten and casein with scored food frequency questionnaire while experts in the clinic measured CARS. In-depth interviews were performed to capture the mothers’ attitude toward the diet.Result: There was a decrease in the mean score of consumption of gluten and casein before and after diagnoses of ASD, mean difference of 156.6 (125.2; 187.9), p<0.001). There was no significant correlation between the consumption score of gluten and casein and the decrease in the score of CARS (r= 0.274, p= 0.82). Mothers thought diet free of gluten and casein was associated with improvement of behaviors.Conclusion: Consumption of gluten and casein decreased after diagnosis of ASD. Mothers think diet free of gluten and casein improved their children’s behaviors.

PERMODELAN PREDIKTIF AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER DENGAN ALGORITMA C.45

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Oktafian Farhan ◽  
Agus Subekti
Keyword(s):  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Autistic Spectrum

Autisme merupakan disabilitas perkembangan yang dialami sepanjang hidup penderita Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Semakin cepat ditangani, semakin besar kemungkinan anak akan kembali normal. Untuk alasan ini, diperlukan metode baru yang dapat membantu orang tua dengan cepat mengenali gejala autisme pada anak-anak mereka. Dalam studi sebelumnya yang dilakukan oleh Fadi Fayez Tabhtah, suatu data set dihasilkan untuk mendeteksi apakah seorang anak memiliki autisme atau tidak. Tetapi penelitiannya hanya menghasilkan data set, ia tidak memeriksa lebih lanjut dimana algoritma cocok untuk data set yang telah dihasilkan. Atribut data set ternyata memiliki nilai yang salah, yang mengundang pertanyaan tentang keakurasian data. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode CRISP-DM dan menguji keakuratan data set penelitian sebelumnya menggunakan algoritma C.45. Selanjutnya, aplikasi WEKA menggunakan pemilihan fitur dan pengaruh dari nilai yang salah untuk setiap atribut dan menemukan atribut yang paling signifikan. Atribut-atribut ini kemudian diuji dengan algoritma C.45 sehingga model prediksi dari data set diperoleh. Atribut A6 dari perhitungan pohon keputusan tidak muncul sama sekali sebagai cabang. Sebuah model baru diperoleh di mana atribut A6 dihilangkan, sehingga ketika diukur oleh algoritma C.45, nilai akurasi yang lebih baik diperoleh. Hasil model baru kemudian diuji pada data kuesioner baru, yang menghasilkan prediksi yang tepat.

Alzheimer's Disease and Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Is there any Association?

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Khan ◽  
Shahida A. Khan ◽  
A.R. Narendra ◽  
Gohar Mushtaq ◽  
Solafa A. Zahran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autistic Spectrum

scholarly journals Quality of Life in Caregivers of Children and Adolescents with Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Development and Validation of the Questionnaire

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 924
Author(s):  
Claudia B. Pratesi ◽  
Alessandra Baeza Garcia ◽  
Riccardo Pratesi ◽  
Lenora Gandolfi ◽  
Mariana Hecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Domains

Studies have shown that children and adolescents with autism and their relatives present a high level of stress and more family problems, impacting parents’ and caregivers’ quality of life (QoL). Despite studies on this subject, there is no specific questionnaire to evaluate QoL in parents or caregivers of children and adolescents with an autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) in Brazil. Therefore, this study’s primary purpose was to develop and validate a specific questionnaire to evaluate QoL in these individuals. The study was performed using the following steps: development of the ASD Parent/caregiver QoL questionnaire (autistic spectrum disorder parent/caregiver quality of life—ASDPC-QoL), subjective evaluation, validation of the questionnaire by the Delphi method, assessment of internal consistency, responsiveness, and reliability of the ASLPC-QoL, and administration of the questionnaire to 881 Brazilian ASD caregivers or parents. ASDPC-QoL comprises 28 questions divided into four domains (social, concerns, physical and mental health) with good psychometric properties (reproducibility, reliability, internal consistency, responsiveness, and validity). Our data showed that worries and physical health were the domains with the lowest scores in ASDPCA-QoL. ASDPCA-QoL did not differ among gender and age of child considering the total and all domains. Older participants (≥41 y/o) presented the best scores for social and worries domains but did not differ in other domains and the total. Parents or caregivers of ASD children diagnosed for more than three years have better mental and physical health domains than those recently diagnosed (up to 1 year) but did not differ in the total and other domains. Individuals with a partner and with the highest educational level present the best score for the social domain. Employed individuals showed better scores than unemployed ones for all domains and the total, except for worries, which did not differ. It also occurred comparing the individuals that do not use antidepressants and the ones that use them. Assessing and better understanding the QoL of caregivers is highly relevant. By understanding the social, worries, physical, and emotional health domains of caregivers, it is possible to track harmful aspects, prevent and treat pathologies, in addition to assisting in the implementation of effective public policies.

Clinical and anatomical heterogeneity in autistic spectrum disorder: a structural MRI study

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1171-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Toal ◽  
E. M. Daly ◽  
L. Page ◽  
Q. Deeley ◽  
B. Hallahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asperger Syndrome ◽  
Autistic Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Clinical Phenotype ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Brain Anatomy ◽  
Autistic Spectrum ◽  
Adults With Asd

BackgroundAutistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by stereotyped/obsessional behaviours and social and communicative deficits. However, there is significant variability in the clinical phenotype; for example, people with autism exhibit language delay whereas those with Asperger syndrome do not. It remains unclear whether localized differences in brain anatomy are associated with variation in the clinical phenotype.MethodWe used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to investigate brain anatomy in adults with ASD. We included 65 adults diagnosed with ASD (39 with Asperger syndrome and 26 with autism) and 33 controls who did not differ significantly in age or gender.ResultsVBM revealed that subjects with ASD had a significant reduction in grey-matter volume of medial temporal, fusiform and cerebellar regions, and in white matter of the brainstem and cerebellar regions. Furthermore, within the subjects with ASD, brain anatomy varied with clinical phenotype. Those with autism demonstrated an increase in grey matter in frontal and temporal lobe regions that was not present in those with Asperger syndrome.ConclusionsAdults with ASD have significant differences from controls in the anatomy of brain regions implicated in behaviours characterizing the disorder, and this differs according to clinical subtype.

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