scholarly journals SERUM 25-HYDROXY VITAMIN D, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION AMONG OLDER ADULTS

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
M. Chang ◽  
H. Eymundsdottir ◽  
O.G. Geirsdottir ◽  
P.V. Jonsson ◽  
V. Gudnason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Serum 25Ohd ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
High Cognitive Function ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D

Objective: To investigate the association between 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) and cognitive function with particular consideration of physical activity (PA) in Icelandic older adults. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Iceland. Participants: Old adults aged 65-96. The final analytical sample included 4304 non-demented participants. Measurements: Serum 25OHD was categorized into deficient (≤ 30 nmol/L, 8%), insufficient (31-49 nmol/L, 25%) and normal-high levels (>50 nmol/L, 67%). Cognitive function assessments included measurements of memory function (MF), speed of processing (SP) and executive function (EF) all categorized as low and high (divided by 50th percentile). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) for having high cognitive function. Results: Serum 25OHD was positively associated with cognitive function. Adjustment for PA and other potential confounders diminished this association only partially. Compared to participants with normal-high levels of 25OHD, those with deficient levels had decreased odds for high SP (OR: 0.74, CI: 0.57-0.97), high MF (OR: 0.55; CI: 0.43-0.71) and high EF (OR: 0.76, CI: 0.57-1.0). Conclusion: Serum 25OHD below ≤30 nmol/L was associated with decreased odds for high cognitive function among community dwelling old adults as compared to those with 25OHD above > 50 nmol/L. Neither PA nor other potential confounders explained the associations between 25OHD and cognitive function. Future studies should explore mechanisms and the potential clinical relevance of this relationship.

scholarly journals LONGITUDINAL ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SERUM 25 HYDROXY VITAMIN D AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION AMONG ICELANDIC OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S484-S484
Author(s):  
Hrafnhildur Eymundsdottir ◽  
Milan Chang ◽  
Olof Geirsdottir ◽  
Maria Jonsdottir ◽  
Palmi V Jonsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract Studies have indicated that low levels of serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) are associated with lower cognitive function among older adults while longitudinal studies have revealed controversial results. The aim was to investigate the longitudinal associations between 25OHD and cognitive function among older adults with 5-years follow up. The Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik Study (N=3411) assessed cognitive function measuring memory function, speed of processing and executive function. 25OHD was measured using the Liaison chemiluminescence immunoassay and used as a continuous variable. Multivariate linear analysis, adjusting for numerous confounding factors, was used to calculate the longitudinal associations. All analyses were performed separated by gender. There was a high tendency for low levels of 25OHD i.e. 29.6% men and 37.7% women had hypovitaminosis D (<50 nmol/l). Both men and women had significantly lower scores in all aspects of cognitive function at the follow-up time period. Unadjusted correlations between 25OHD and cognitive functions showed a stronger correlation for women, whereas women had lower scores in all aspects of cognitive function associated with low 25OHD. After adjusting for potential confounders, e.g. age, education, lifestyle and health-related factors, 25OHD and cognitive function were not significantly associated. Observational studies indicate that lower levels of vitamin D are associated with lower cognitive function. Intervention studies are yet to show a clear benefit from vitamin D supplementation. More longitudinal- and interventional studies, with longer follow-up duration, are needed.

scholarly journals Vitamin D and Physical Activity Status: Associations With Five-Year Changes in Body Composition and Muscle Function in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 670-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Scott ◽  
Peter R. Ebeling ◽  
Kerrie M. Sanders ◽  
Dawn Aitken ◽  
Tania Winzenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
High Vitamin ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Context: High vitamin D and physical activity (PA) levels are independently associated with improved body composition and muscle function in older adults. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the interaction of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and PA status in maintenance of body composition and muscle function in older adults. Design and Setting: This was a 5-year prospective population-based study of Australian community-dwelling older adults. Participants: Participants in the study included 615 community-dwelling volunteers aged 50 years old or older [61.4 ± 6.9 (mean ± SD) y; 48% female] randomly selected from electoral rolls and categorized according to baseline serum 25OHD (≥ or <50 nmol/L) and PA (≥ or <10 000 pedometer determined steps/d) levels as follows: high 25OHD and high PA (VitD+PA+); high 25OHD and low PA (VitD+PA−); low 25OHD and high PA (VitD-PA+); and low 25OHD and low PA (VitD-PA−). A subset of 518 participants completed accelerometer assessments during follow-up. Main Outcome Measures: Changes in dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-assessed body composition and lower-limb muscle function were measured. Results: VitD+PA+ had significantly smaller increases in body fat over 5 years compared with other groups (all P < .05). Higher baseline pedometer-determined PA resulted in declines in total body fat (β = −.23 kg per 100 steps/d, P = .001) over 5 years for participants with high 25OHD but not those with low 25OHD (P > .05). Among participants with accelerometer data, these associations were generally mediated by higher levels of moderate/vigorous PA. Conclusions: High vitamin D status appears to enhance PA-related declines in body fat during aging, but the mechanism may be greater amounts of outdoor moderate/vigorous PA rather than a direct effect of 25OHD.

A prospective study of the associations between 25-hydroxy-vitamin D, sarcopenia progression and physical activity in older adults

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 581-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Scott ◽  
Leigh Blizzard ◽  
James Fell ◽  
Changhai Ding ◽  
Tania Winzenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D ◽  
A Prospective Study

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Cognitive Decline and Sedentary Time

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 191-191
Author(s):  
Lorraine Phillips ◽  
Mary Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Physical Activity Intensity ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Extremity Function

Abstract Early identification of functional decline in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) provides the opportunity to initiate behavioral interventions to slow decline. More frequent breaks in sedentary time has been associated with greater lower extremity function. This longitudinal study examined the effect of 6-month change in cognitive function on monthly sedentary time, controlling for lower extremity function, among community-dwelling older adults with MCI. Twenty adults with Montreal Cognitive Assessment Score (MoCA) between 19-25, who were age ≥ 60 years old, and ambulatory, wore an actigraph for 6 months and participated in monthly in-person assessments. Measures included MoCA change (baseline to month 6), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB; baseline, months 3 and 6); sedentary time and physical activity intensity; and falls (monthly). The sample was 70% female, 60% non-Hispanic white, with a mean age of 77 years. Sixteen participants provided complete data for mixed-model analysis. Over 6 months, 11 falls occurred among 7 participants. The mean MoCA score declined from 22.7 to 21.9 while SPPB remained stable. Overall time spent in sedentary behavior was high (71%) and physical activity intensity was low (light and moderate combined= 26.1%). Results of multi-level analysis with sedentary time as a continuous Level-1 variable and MoCA change scores, SPPB scores, and age in Level-2 showed that negative change in MoCA (β=-0.11; p≤0.05) was associated with increased sedentary time. Given sedentary time increases as cognitive function declines, older adults with MCI could benefit from interventions designed to interrupt sedentary time as well as increase physical activity.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION BETWEEN GRIP STRENGTH AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION AMONG COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S483-S484
Author(s):  
Milan Chang ◽  
Alfons Ramel ◽  
Palmi V Jonsson ◽  
Inga Thorsdottir ◽  
Olof Geirsdottir
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background: Decline in both physical function and cognition among older adults has been associated with increased risk of dementia. Physical activity (PA) is beneficial for the improvement of both physical and cognitive function. The purpose of the study was to investigate the association between baseline physical function and cognitive function after 12 weeks of resistance training among older adults. Methods: Two hundred and thirty-seven community-dwelling older adults (N=237, 73.7±5.7 years, 58.2% female) participated in a 12-week resistance exercise program (3 times/week; 3 sets, 6-8 repetitions at 75-80% of the 1-repetition maximum), designed to increase strength and muscle mass of major muscle groups. Body composition, physical activity status, grip strength, cardiovascular risk factors, 6 minutes walking distance (6MWD), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were measured at baseline and endpoint. The linear regression model was used to examine the association. Results: Mean MMSE score was 27.5±2.1 at baseline and 28.1±2.2 after the exercise intervention. After the intervention, 57 declined, 55 remained the same, and 120 have improved in MMSE scores. We found that the MMSE score after the intervention was significantly associated with baseline grip strength (beta=.03, P<.05) among healthy older adults, after adjusting basic characteristics, cardiovascular risk factors and mobility at baseline. Conclusion: Our study found that baseline grip strength was strongly associated with cognitive function after the 12 weeks of resistance training. Muscle power, such as grip strength may play an important role in the effect of exercise intervention on cognition even among healthy independent older adults.

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