scholarly journals Community Based Study of Rural, Tribal Women Seeking Induced Abortions in a Extremely Low Resource Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
S. CHHABRA ◽  
Jain S ◽  
Thool K
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Tribal Women ◽  
Primary Health Centres ◽  
Induced Abortions ◽  
Unskilled Workers

Background Induced abortions are globally sought, whether permitted, or not permitted. Community based information about abortion seeking by rural tribal women is scarce. Objectives Community based study was carried out to know the magnitude, profile, reasons, places, persons performing IA for rural tribal women. Material Methods Study was conducted in 118 villages to get the study subjects . Women from every fourth house were interviewed for desired information. Results and Conclusion Of all abortions, 2.17% in Melghat and 24.38 %in Sewagram were IA. Most women who had IA were young and 19% in Melghat region, 2.6% in Sewagram region were illiterate. Majority of Sewagram region, were housewives of low middle class, in Melghat unskilled workers of low economic class. In Melghat region all women reported seeking IA at health facilities,63% Private hospitals (PH), 18.5% Sub centres (SC), 7.4% Medical College (MC), 7.4% District hospital(DH), 3.7% Primary Health Centres (PHCs) and In Sewagram region 58% PH, 23% MC, 6.7% PHCs, 3.9% DH, 3.9% SCs and 3.9% at home. Most women said they had IA for spacing with no contraceptive use or contraceptive failure, poor health, poverty, IA were done medically in 76.2%, surgically 23%. No sex–selective IA were reported and there was no evidence Many women lacked awareness and had misconceptions, more so in Melghat region. In focus group discussions, common reasons for disfavoring IA were personal beliefs (34%), practice restrictions (19%). There was extreme poverty, still PH were used. Lot of awareness is required.

scholarly journals Study of Determinant Profiles of Cutaneous Tuberculosis in Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hasibur Rahman ◽  
Nazma Parvin Ansari ◽  
Khondoker Golam Sabbir Ahmed ◽  
Md Hadiuzzaman ◽  
Nahida Islam Nipa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Patients ◽  
Mantoux Test ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cutaneous Tuberculosis ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Abnormal Chest ◽  
Skin Tuberculosis ◽  
Generalized Lymphadenopathy

The determinant spectra coupled with laboratory parameters of cutaneous tuberculosis in patients attending the Department of Dermatology and VD of the Community Based Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh were studied for a period of over four years. A total of 110 patients (males, 75 and females, 35) having ages between 1 to 60 years were detected to infected. The result evidenced that skin tuberculosis is becoming mostly a disease of young patients between the ages of 16 to 30 years (44.55 %). There was a trend of appearance of Lupus vulgaris as the most common variant (49.09%) followed by Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis (29.09%). Skin tuberculosis was found more frequently in males than females (ratio 15: 7) and all patients belonged to lower socio-economic class. In 64 cases (58.18%) BCG vaccination coverage could not yield protection against cutaneous tuberculosis. Abnormal chest x-ray reports were available in 12 patients. It is interesting to note that enlargement of hilar lymph nodes, pleural effusion, ascites and generalized lymphadenopathy were not detected. Mantoux test revealed positive reactors in 100 patients (90.90%). Raised ESR (>20) was found in all patients. The validity of histopathology associated with FNAC was confirmed in 95 cases of patients (86.36%). There was evidence of Scrofuloderma in 20 patients and ICT indicated 74 positive cases. Bacteriological examination generated negative results in all cases. The response to antitubercular therapy was excellent except in 3 cases which required further monitoring of using additional drug and took much more time. The coexistence of pulmonary tuberculosis was determined in 2 patients.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cbmj.v1i1.13817 Community Based Medical Journal Vol.1(1) 2012 3-7

scholarly journals Community-Based Study of Abortion Complications and Care Sought by Rural Tribal Women of an Extremely Low Resource Setting

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shakuntala Chhabra ◽  
Akanksha Suman
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Spontaneous Abortions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Tribal Women ◽  
Abortion Complications ◽  
Resource Setting ◽  
Induced Abortions

OBJECTIVE: Knowing about complications, care sought by women is essential for understanding the risks, services, programs, and policies for abortion care. This study aimed to know the magnitude of abortion complications and to define the care sought by rural tribal women. STUDY DESIGN: Rural community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in villages near Sewagram Wardha and Melghat, Amravati, Maharashtra, India. RESULTS: Spontaneous abortions rate was 3.30% in villages around Sewagram and 0.32% in villages of Melghat. The reported complications rate for induced abortions was 1% in Sewagram villages and 0.1%in Melghat villages. In Sewagram villages, among 24 (4.3%) women who had complications with spontaneous abortions, the reported complications were: vaginal bleeding in 33.3% (1.4% of all spontaneous abortions), abdominal pain in 33.3%, weakness in 29.16% (1.2% all spontaneous abortions), backache in16.6% (0.7%of spontaneous abortions), fever in 12.5%(0.5% of spontaneous abortions), excessive vaginal discharge in 8.33% (0.3% of spontaneous abortions), and other complications in 8.33% (0.36% of spontaneous abortions) women. Among 7 women (3.9% of all 177), who reported complications after induced abortions, 57.1% (2.2% of all induced abortions) reported, vaginal bleeding and 28.5% (1.1% of induced abortions) reported abdominal pain. In Melghat villages only 4 women reported complications with spontaneous abortions (0.32% spontaneous abortions): two (0.16% spontaneous abortions) reported abdominal pain, one (0.08% spontaneous abortions) reported vaginal bleeding, and one (0.08% of spontaneous abortions) reported backache. In villages of Melghat 2 women (3.7%) out of 27 induced abortions cases had complications: one had vaginal bleeding, discharge, pain, weakness, another only vaginal bleeding. In villages of Melghat 2 of the total 6 sought health facility care, however, no one reported to specialists despite complications. Nevertheless, there was neither abortion-related mortality nor near-miss morbidity or severe morbidity during the same duration. CONCLUSION: Research is needed about traditional therapies, reverse pharmacology, socio-behavioral issues in addition to creating awareness in women about abortion complications, long-term squeal, and the necessity of care-seeking.

scholarly journals Being ready, willing and able: understanding the dynamics of family planning decision-making through community-based group discussions in the Northern Region, Ghana

Genus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana A. E. Biney ◽  
Kalifa J. Wright ◽  
Mawuli K. Kushitor ◽  
Elizabeth F. Jackson ◽  
James F. Phillips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Community Health Services ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Community Based

AbstractRegional contraceptive use differentials are pronounced in Ghana, with the lowest levels occurring in the Northern Region. Community-based health services, intended to promote maternal and child health and family planning use, may have failed to address this problem. This paper presents an analysis of qualitative data on community perspectives on family planning “readiness,” “willingness,” and “ability” compiled in the course of 20 focus group discussions with residents (mothers and fathers of children under five, young boys and girls, and community elders) of two communities each in two Northern Region districts that were either equipped with or lacking direct access to community health services. The study districts are localities where contraceptive use is uncommon and fertility is exceptionally high. Results suggest that direct access to community services has had no impact on contraceptive attitudes or practice. Widespread method knowledge is often offset by side-effect misperceptions. Social constraints are prominent owing to opposition from men. Findings attest to the need to improve the provision of contraceptive information and expand method choice options. Because societal acceptance and access in this patriarchal setting is critical to use, frontline worker deployment should prioritize strategies for outreach to men and community groups with prominent attention to social mobilization themes and strategies that support family planning.

An Anthropological Analysis of Evil Eye, Evil Spirits, and Ancestral Spirits Afflictions: Parengi Porja Tribal Women Views About Illness Etiologies and Its Treatment Practices

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-283
Author(s):  
Srividhya Samakya V. ◽  
T. Subramanyam Naidu
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Tribal Population ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
Tribal Women

This article aims to understand the perception of Parengi Porja’s ways of illness treatments and health management. The Parengi Porja is a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Population (PVTG), inhabiting the hilly regions of Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh, India. They strongly believe in supernatural agents as being the cause of illness. For this study, the Parengi Porja tribal mothers were purposively selected from five villages situated in the study district. We used participant observation, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, case studies, and semistructured interview schedules. We conducted five focus group discussions (FGDs) to understand the reasons for illness, and its diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Data types include demographic variables, incidences of illnesses, and their management. The study shows that this tribal population has its own understanding about the illness etiology and management strategy to regain healthy life.

scholarly journals Setting the global research agenda for community-based HIV service delivery through the faith sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha T. Ndlovu-Teijema ◽  
Maarten O. Kok ◽  
Sabine L. van Elsland ◽  
Hilleen Smeets ◽  
David Barstow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Faith Leaders ◽  
Global Research

Abstract Background While leading AIDS organizations expect faith and health collaborations to play a crucial role in organizing and scaling up community-based HIV services, it is unclear how this can be realized. Little primary research has been conducted into which strategies for collaboration and service provision are most effective, efficient, scalable and sustainable. Seeking to align research with urgent needs, enhance coordination and increase the likelihood that results are used, this study aimed to set an inclusive global research agenda that reflects priority research questions from key stakeholders at the intersection of HIV healthcare and faith. Methods In order to develop this global research agenda, we drew from document analyses, focus group discussions, interviews with purposively selected key informants from all continents (policy-makers, healthcare providers, faith leaders, academics and HIV activists), an online questionnaire, and expert meetings at several global conferences. We carried out focus group discussions and interviews with faith leaders in South Africa. Other stakeholder focus groups and interviews were carried out online or in person in France, Switzerland, the Netherlands and South Africa, and virtual questionnaires were distributed to stakeholders worldwide. Respondents were purposively sampled. Results We interviewed 53 participants, and 110 stakeholders responded to the online questionnaire. The participants worked in 54 countries, with the majority having research experience (84%), experience with policy processes (73%) and/or experience as a healthcare provider (60%) and identifying as religious (79%). From interviews (N = 53) and questionnaires (N = 110), we identified 10 research themes: addressing sexuality, stigma, supporting specific populations, counselling and disclosure, agenda-setting, mobilizing and organizing funding, evaluating faith-health collaborations, advantage of faith initiatives, gender roles, and education. Respondents emphasized the need for more primary research and prioritized two themes: improving the engagement of faith communities in addressing sexuality and tackling stigma. Conclusions A wide range of respondents participated in developing the research agenda. To align research to the prioritized themes and ensure that results are used, it is essential to further engage key users, funders, researchers and other stakeholders, strengthen the capacity for locally embedded research and research uptake and contextualize priorities to diverse religious traditions, key populations and local circumstances.

Incidence of writing double NSAIDs in a single prescription for osteoarthritis.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (05) ◽  
pp. 702-706
Author(s):  
Niaz Hussain Keerio ◽  
Nasrullah Aamir ◽  
Nuresh Kumar ◽  
Masood Ahmad Qureshi ◽  
Hassan Amir us Saqlain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Bleeding Ulcers ◽  
Study Setting

 Objective: To determine how frequent NSAIDs are used for osteoarthritic patients because OA is common old age patients and NSAIDs can cause divesting complications on their health. In our study we tried to identify the main reasons and suggest a best possible solution. Study Design: Community Based Cross-sectional study. Setting: Mohammad Medical College and Hospital Mirpurkhas Pakistan. Period:  June 2018 to August 2018. Material & Methods: In this study, we included more than 300 prescriptions written for Osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease. Prescriptions collected from hospital pharmacy (80%) and from other pharmacies (20%). Data was collected on preformed proforma and was analyzed in SPSS version 25. Results: Osteoarthritis mainly affects elderly population. NSAIDs are used for pain relief but can cause acute renal failure and GIT bleeding ulcers. In our study 69% patients were prescribed double NSAIDs. Traditional NSAIDs were used 95% of the time and only 5% percent of the time selective cox 2 were used. Along with these NSAIDS only 20% patient were given prophylactically gastroprotective agents like PPI and other medications. Conclusion: Prescription osteoarthritis include multiple NSAID without any protocol and over dosage was observed commonly.

The fluid power: constructing the concept of power in community-based tourism in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-537
Author(s):  
Cicilia Larasati Rembulan ◽  
Avin Fadilla Helmi ◽  
Bagus Riyono
Keyword(s):  
Social Situation ◽  
Fluid Power ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Context ◽  
Relationship Processes ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
Business To Business ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The concept of power in the literature is not conclusive yet and still contradictive. As contested concept, power have multi-definition in the literature. This study aims to construct a concept of power between organizations, state-owned enterprises (SOE) and communities in the context of community-based tourism in Borobudur, Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach Participants were 29 individuals representing SOEs (i.e. executive members) and local communities (e.g. village chiefs, community enterprise, managers and residents). Data collection was conducted through interviews, focus group discussions, field records and documents. Using grounded theory, the data were analyzed using open, axial and selective coding. Findings This study discovered that power was fluid. At first, power was a static resource then when it exchanged, it turned into relational/power interplay and at last, became output resource. There was a transformation of antecedent resources of power into a consequential source of power through relationship processes. Research limitations/implications This study should be replicated in other settings for further research, for example, in a business-to-business context and business-to-government to develop a general framework. Practical implications Policymakers should be aware of such fluid power to ensure that community-based tourism programs can benefit all parties involved. Originality/value Findings from this study make several contributions to current literature as follows: this study extends from the existing theories of power, the community-based tourism context where this study was conducted represents actual social situation allowing it to be transferrable to real environment and elaborating theory of power into a comprehensive framework.

scholarly journals Socio-economic Determinants of Current use of Contraception in a Rural Area of J&K

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
Amrita Kotwal ◽  
Bhupinder Singh ◽  
Singh Singh ◽  
Ganai A M
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
Test Of Significance ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Objective: To identify the socio-economic factors which determine contraceptive use among current users of contraception. Method:Cross-sectional design. Interview schedule of entire eligible couple population of 19 Angwanwari Centres of Block R.S.Pura, Jammu by House to House Survey. Analysis: Besides test of significance, unadjusted Odd's Ratio, adjusted Odd's Ratio were used using Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis technique by SPSS-WIN Version 7.5 Software. Results: Contraceptive use increased with age of women and number of conceptions. Compared to illiterate women, formally educated women were 2.2 times more likely to use contraception. Also, lower income, wives of unskilled workers and Scheduled Caste (SC) woman were more likely to be current users of contraception. Husband's age & literacy, religion and type of family did not show significant relationship with current contraceptive use. J Med Sci.2010; 13(1): 30-32

scholarly journals Addressing the challenges and relational aspects of index-linked HIV testing for children and adolescents: insights from the B-GAP study in Zimbabwe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chido Dziva Chikwari ◽  
Sarah Bernays ◽  
Stefanie Dringus ◽  
Victoria Simms ◽  
Helen A Weiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Testing Uptake ◽  
Sexual Contacts

Abstract Introduction Index-linked HIV testing, targeted at sexual contacts or children of individuals with HIV, may improve yield and efficiency. The B-GAP study evaluated index-linked testing approaches in health facility and community-based settings. This paper reports on a qualitative study to understand factors that affect uptake of index-linked HIV testing for children and adolescents. Methods We conducted four focus group discussions (FGDs) with caregivers who had their children tested through B-GAP and one FGD with providers who offered index-linked HIV testing to indexes. We aimed to understand enabling and inhibiting factors in the decision-making process. Translated and transcribed transcripts were read for familiarisation. Following initial coding, analytical memos were written to identify emerging key themes across the data. Results Our findings showed there was inadequate emphasis on paediatric HIV in routine care which had a negative impact on subsequent uptake of testing for children. Once the decision to test had been made, access to facilities was sometimes challenging, and alleviated by community-based testing. A key finding was that HIV testing is not a discrete event but a process that was influenced by relationships with other family members and children themselves. These relationships raised complex issues that could prevent or delay the testing process. Conclusion There is a need to improve messaging on the importance of HIV testing for children and adolescents and to provide support to caregivers and their families in order to improve testing uptake. Addressing access barriers through the provision of community-based testing and implementing a family centred approach can optimize index-linked testing.

scholarly journals KAP study of contraception in clients undergoing MTP and sterilization in Gujarat, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2503
Author(s):  
Rakesh Patel ◽  
Runoo Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Medical Termination ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
History Of ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Background: Lack of awareness, knowledge and education, religious beliefs and fear of side effects are the main causes why women do not use family planning methods. To study the knowledge, attitude and practice of contraception among clients undergoing to Medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) and sterilization.Methods: This prospective study was done among 400 indoor cases at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in B.J. Medical college, Ahmedabad during July 2002 to October 2003. All the clients undergoing MTP and sterilization were explained and counseled about contraception with GATHER approach of family planning. After taking detail history, a thorough clinical examination of the clients was carried out with preliminary investigations.Results: Almost 58% clients were willing to accept TL method as contraceptive option, 39.5% IUCD, 1.75% OC pill method of contraception. Regarding history of side effect of contraceptive use, 17.3% condom users, 68.5% OC pill users, 63% CuT users have felt side effect. Almost 42.5% clients were operated by MTP + Lap TL, 39.5% by MTP + CuT and 14.5% by plain Lap TL.Conclusions: Efforts should be made to promote information, education and communication regarding emergency contraception targeted to all women of reproductive age group. It is important that unwanted pregnancy be prevented through effective contraceptive practice rather than abortion.

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