“No Accident, No Mistake”: Acquaintance Rape in Recent YA Novels

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-186
Author(s):  
Roxanne Harde
Keyword(s):  
Acquaintance Rape ◽  
Rape Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Alternate Discourses

Following the thematic foundations set out in Laurie Halse Anderson’s germinal YA rape novel, Speak—when, how, and whom to tell about the rape; the ways in which the survivor reacts to the rape, including self-harm; the ways in which the survivor is both shamed and blamed; and ways to understand the rapist—this chapter analyzes a body of recently published novels about acquaintance rape.The scenarios in these novels work to offer readers alternate discourses about culpability and shame, detail options for survivors, and give readers access to voices too often silenced, helping them toward understanding the social codes that lead to and the circumstances that arise from acquaintance rape. At the same time, this chapter make clear, these texts often reify rape culture and undermine the progress they are working toward.

A Feminist Catholic Response to the Social Sin of Rape Culture

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan K. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Rape Culture ◽  
The Social

Suicide and Parasuicide in Childhood and Early Adolescence

1985 ◽  
Vol 146 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Brooksbank
Keyword(s):  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Age Range

Suicide is intentional self-killing, and parasuicide an act of deliberate self-harm—either by injury, ingestion or inhalation—not resulting in death (Blacket al,1982). Both are rare under the age of 12 and the rate of suicide in those under 16 remains consistently low. Referrals to psychiatric services reported by Shaffer (1974) indicated that 7–10% were for threatened or attempted suicide, while Hawton (1982) quoted studies giving the incidence as 10–33% for children aged six to 12; in England and Wales (1962–1968), suicide accounted for 0.6% of deaths in the 10–14 age-range. McClure (1984) found that between 1975 and 1980, only ten such deaths were recorded in the 13-and-under range, and 26 deaths in the 14 year-olds, after which the number of suicides rose sharply with each successive year. That study also showed that parasuicide was most common in the 15–24 age-group, but at younger ages there was a higher proportion of undetermined deaths, as against officially recorded suicides. The social taboos associated with suicide may lead to its systematic under-reporting, but even allowing for that, the phenomenon is still a rare one under the age of 16.

scholarly journals How Individuals Who Self-Harm Manage Their Own Risk—‘I Cope Because I Self-Harm, and I Can Cope with my Self-Harm’

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329412094517
Author(s):  
Samantha Woodley ◽  
Suzanne Hodge ◽  
Kerri Jones ◽  
Andrew Holding
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Support Group ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Coping Mechanism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Current Risk

Self-harm is a complex and idiosyncratic behaviour. This article focuses on how those who self-harm manage their own risk. Utilising opportunity sampling, ten members of a self-harm support group were interviewed about how they risk manage their self-harm and the data analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. The analysis showed that all participants were actively involved in risk management of their self-harm. Through a process of managing consequences, exercising control in the process, and an awareness of the social context. It is posited that people who self-harm should be viewed as actively engaging with the risks of self-harm whilst it is a coping mechanism, as opposed to passive or ignoring. This understanding can be integrated into current risk management plans within services and invites a more dynamic conversation of self-harm between services users and services. Effective risk management involves good relationships between individuals who self-harm and clinicians, services which promote positive risk taking as opposed to defensive practice, and true collaboration between services and service users.

The Film Kids 25 Years On: A Qualitative Study of Rape Culture and Representations of Sexual Violence in Skateboarding

Young ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 110330882096645
Author(s):  
Indigo Willing
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Rape Culture ◽  
25Th Anniversary ◽  
Feature Film ◽  
Male Power ◽  
The Social ◽  
Feminist Theories

This article examines the 1995 fictional feature film Kids, which locates its story in skateboarding culture. The film reached its 25th anniversary in 2020; it is directed by Larry Clark and written by Harmony Korine, both recognizable figures in skateboarding, and it featured a cast of youth from the New York skateboarding scene. The research analyses narrative content that depicts sexual coercion and rape. Contemporary social and feminist theories of sexual violence, rape culture and media on the film inform the analysis. The discussion points to how the characters that the boys play embody forms of hegemonic masculinity, pointing to the social and cultural dimensions of male power and how sexual violence can be an element of that. The article also presents an occasion to reflect on such issues in skateboarding culture more widely, with emerging insights that can be useful to studies of other male-dominated youth cultures, lifestyle sports and subcultures.

Toward a General Theory of Anomie The Social Psychology of Disintegration

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (01) ◽  
pp. 109-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth Abrutyn
Keyword(s):  
Physical Space ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Social Pain ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Self Harm

AbstractThough anomie is one of sociology’s most unique conceptual contributions, its progenitor, Emile Durkheim, was notably ambiguous about its meaning. Consequently, its use in contemporary sociology has varied wildly. In part, the confusion surrounding anomie stems from Durkheim’s insistence that it iscausedbyderegulation, which has resisted operationalization. Nevertheless, careful consideration of the “four faces” of anomie most prominent in the sociological canon—that is, (1) the anomic division of labor, (2) anomic suicide, (3) Mertonian strain, and (4) the micro-level symbolic-cultural versions—reveals that disruption and disintegration, rather than deregulation, are the common threads woven through each. Drawing from this insight, a new theoretical conceptualization for anomie is offered that defines it as (a) a social psychological force operating at both the (b) individual- or “meso”/corporate unit-level of social reality that results from (c) chronic or acutedisruptionsthat, in turn, generate (d) real or imagined disintegrative pressures. Furthermore, disruptions are not only predicated on the real or imagined loss of social ties (dissolution), but also on the real or imagined loss of attachment to a coherent social reality (disjunction) and/or physical space (dislocation). This recalibration allows anomie to enter into deeper dialogue with a wide range of other phenomena that may in fact share some overlapping elements with anomie related to the pain of potentially losing cherished social relationships and the motivation toward self-harm, anti-socialandeven pro-social behaviors to escape this social pain.

scholarly journals When implicit prosociality trumps selfishness: the neural valuation system underpins more optimal choices when learning to avoid harm to others than to oneself

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Lengersdorff ◽  
Isabella Wagner ◽  
Claus Lamm
Keyword(s):  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Temporoparietal Junction ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Egocentric Bias ◽  
Right Temporoparietal Junction ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
The Right

Humans learn quickly which actions cause them harm. As social beings, we also need to learn to avoid actions that hurt others. It is currently unknown if humans are as good at learning to avoid others' harm (prosocial learning) as they are at learning to avoid self-harm (self-relevant learning). Moreover, it remains unclear how the neural mechanisms of prosocial learning differ from those of self-relevant learning. In this fMRI study, 96 male human participants learned to avoid painful stimuli either for themselves or for another individual. We found that participants performed more optimally when learning for the other than for themselves. Computational modeling revealed that this could be explained by an increased sensitivity to subjective values of choice alternatives during prosocial learning. Increased value-sensitivity was further associated with empathic traits. On the neural level, higher value-sensitivity during prosocial learning was associated with stronger engagement of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) during valuation. Moreover, the VMPFC exhibited higher connectivity with the right temporoparietal junction during prosocial, compared to self-relevant, choices. Our results suggest that humans are particularly adept at learning to protect others from harm. This ability appears implemented by neural mechanisms overlapping with those supporting self-relevant learning, but with the additional recruitment of structures associated to the social brain. Our findings contrasts with recent proposals that humans are egocentrically biased when learning to obtain monetary rewards for self or others. Prosocial tendencies may thus trump the egocentric bias in learning when another person's physical integrity is at stake.

(Para)normalizing Rape Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-84
Author(s):  
Annika Herb
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Young Adult Literature ◽  
Rape Culture ◽  
Heterosexual Relationships ◽  
Cultural Discourses ◽  
Abusive Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gender Ideals ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Insight Into

Contemporary Young Adult literature is a favored genre for exploring sexual assault, yet rarely interrogates the social structures underpinning rape culture. In its representation of heterosexual relationships, Young Adult paranormal romance offers insight into the processes and structures that uphold rape culture. Genre tropes normalize abusive behavior and gender ideals, demonstrating the explicit and implicit construction of rape culture, culminating in the depiction of supernatural possession analogous to rape. Here, I reflect on power, control, rape culture, and girlhood in a textual analysis of Nina Malkin’s Swoon, Becca Fitzpatrick’s Hush, Hush, and Sarah Rees Brennan’s The Demon’s Covenant. A constructive reading reflects implicit cultural discourses presented to the girl reader, who can apply this to her own negotiation of girlhood.

Deconstructive Strategies and the Movement Against Sexual Violence

Hypatia ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee Heberle
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Rape Culture ◽  
The Public ◽  
Speaking Out ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Public Sphere

This essay considers the social effects of the strategy of “speaking out” about sexual violence to transform rape culture. I articulate the paradox that women's identification as victims in the public sphere reinscribes the gendered norms that enable the victimization of women. I suggest we create a more diversified public narrative of sexual violence and sexuality within the context of the movement against sexual violence in order to deconstruct masculinist power in feminine victimization.

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