scholarly journals Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) Gene as the Main Gene for Rapid Growth Selection in Beef Cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peni Wahyu Prihandini ◽  
D Maharani
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Selection Program ◽  
Mc4r Gene ◽  
Melanocortin 4 Receptor

Genetic improvement for economic traits such as growth is important in beef cattle selection program. This paper discusses melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene as a candidate gene for rapid growth based on its function, location and pathway, as well as its polymorphism and identified genotypes associated with economic traits, and its application as a marker-assisted selection. MC4R is a prominent gene encoding growth traits and has a critical role in mediating the effect of leptin in regulating food consumption and energy balance. Many identified MC4R gene polymorphisms are associated with growth traits. The MC4R gene, therefore, is considered as a functional candidate gene for growth traits and can be used as a marker in selection program based on molecular genetics. The use of molecular markers such as MC4R gene, therefore, can be applied in genetic improvement program for growth traits in cattle. By using MC4R gene, the efforts to build breeding system in small populations can be proposed. For instance, with an effective population size (Ne) of about 40 heads, the first generation (G1) will be obtained with a composition of GG 61.1%, CG 33.3% and CC 5.6% and male and female ratio of 178:11 and generates ideal Ne of 41 heads. In the third generation, therefore, GG composition will be 100%. The results of molecular analysis can be further used as a guideline in the development and genetic improvement strategies of beef cattle.

scholarly journals Melanocortin-4 receptor and leptin as genes for the selection of superior Madrasin cattle

2021 ◽  
pp. 3224-3228
Author(s):  
Budi Utomo ◽  
Rimayanti Rimayanti ◽  
Indah Norma Triana ◽  
Amaq Fadholly
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Mc4r Gene ◽  
Melanocortin 4 Receptor ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Background and Aim: The genetic improvement of cattle through livestock section is based on quantitative, qualitative, and molecular characteristics. This study examined polymorphisms of the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) and leptin genes as a reference for the selection of superior breeds in Madrasin cattle. Materials and Methods: The leptin and MC4R genes of Madrasin cattle were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR); then, restriction fragment length polymorphism of the leptin gene was performed using the restriction enzyme BsaA1, at site 2793 with ACGT point position. Results: The leptin gene was divided into three bands, namely, AA with one fragment (522 bp), CG with two fragments (441 bp and 81 bp), and AG with three fragments (522 bp, 441 bp, and 81 bp). The MCR-4 gene was divided into three bands, namely, 493 bp, 318 bp, and 175 bp. Conclusion: The MC4R and leptin genes can act as molecular markers for growth traits in Madrasin cattle and can be used to genetically optimize and improve growth. The GG allele of the MC4R gene and the AA allele of the leptin gene can be used in Madrasin cattle.

scholarly journals Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) gene polymorphism and its effect on growth traits in Madura cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
P. W. Prihandini ◽  
S. Sumadi ◽  
G. Suparta ◽  
D. Maharani
Keyword(s):  
Growth Traits ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Mc4r Gene ◽  
Melanocortin 4 Receptor ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Reverse Primer ◽  
Selection For

Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene has an important role in the regulation of feed intake and energy balance control. The objective of this study was to identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MC4R gene and their association with growth traits in Madura cattle. A total of 198 calves were used in this study.Forward primer: 5’-GTCGGGCGTCTTGTTCATC-3’and reverse primer: 5’-GCTTGTGTTTAGCATCGCGT-3’ were used to amplify approximately 493 bp of MC4R gene. The results showed that two SNPs, g.1133C>G and g.1108C>T were identified by direct sequencing. The PCR-RFLP method was performed to genotype all individuals studied based on SNP g.1133C>G, and its SNP was significantly associated with shoulder height (SH) at yearling age (P<0.05). Animals with GG genotype had a higher SH (110.35±6.40cm) than those with CC (102.00±8.00 cm) and CG genotype (105.96±6.23 cm). The SNP g.1133 C>G changed amino acid from valine to leucine. In conclusion, the SNP g.1133C>G of the MC4R gene may be used as a marker-assisted selection for SH trait in Madura cattle.

scholarly journals Do Crossbreeding using Exotic Breeds in Goat is the Right Solution for a Low-input Production System in Ethiopia? : A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeleke Tesema ◽  
Damitie Kebede
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Selection Program ◽  
Low Input ◽  
The Future ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Breed Selection ◽  
The Right

Analysis and evaluation of the previous genetic improvement attempts and their fruition are paramount to make the right decision in the future. Hence, this paper reviews the status of goat genetic improvement programs through quantitative evidence and elucidates how it can be implemented in the future through an intensive literature review. Goat genetic improvement through crossbreeding was initiated early in 1975. However, most crossbreeding programs have lacked analysis of the existing resources and infrastructure and also lack long-term strategies. As a result, crossbreeding program was discontinued without significant contribution due to incompatibility of the exotic genotype with low-input production systems. On the other hand, the moderate to high genetic variation within a population open the window for within-breed selection. Accordingly, a well-designed within-breed selection program was initiated late in 2013 for specified breeds. Currently, governmental and non-governmental institutions plan to scale up community-based within-breed selection program. Besides, the efficiency of assisted reproductive technologies in goat genetic improvement was evaluated by ICARDA and reported a moderate achievement. However, the application of molecular technologies in Ethiopia is only limited to diversity studies. Nevertheless, there is an opportunity to use molecular technologies to enhance the genetic progress of a genetic improvement program. In conclusion, the expected benefits from crossbreeding program were not obtained and will not be obtained under the existing low input-production system. Therefore, a within-breed selection program would be an ideal option for the existing low-input production system if integrated with assisted reproductive and molecular technologies.

scholarly journals Association of Melanocortin 4 Receptor gene polymorphism with growth traits in Bligon goat

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Latifah ◽  
D. Maharani ◽  
A. Kustantinah ◽  
T. Hartatik
Keyword(s):  
Growth Traits ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Mc4r Gene ◽  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
Melanocortin 4 Receptor ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Melanocortin 4 Receptor Gene

Melanocortin 4 receptor gene is a potential marker gene for growth performance in ruminant and non-ruminant animals. The objective of this study was to perform allele and genotype frequencies, and association of melanocortin 4 receptor with growth traits in Bligon goat. Seventy seven blood samples were collected and DNA isolated successfully. One pair primers were used for PCR of MC4R gene (F: 5’-TCGGGCGTCTTGTTCATCAT-3’ and R: 5’-CAAGACTGGGCACTGCTTCA-3’). Two SNPs (g.998A/G and g.1079C/T) were identified in exon of Bligon MC4R by DNA sequencing and PCR-RFLP. The SNP g.998A/G identified amino acid change from isoleucine to methionine (I-M), while the SNP g.1079C/T was synonymous polymorphism. Based on relationship analysis between Genotype of MC4R gene (SNP g.998A/G) and growth traits indicated that GG genotype was lowest in weaning weight (WW; AA=13.0±1.7; AG=11.2±3.6; GG=9.2±3.9), weaning body length (WBL; AA=46.8±2.4; AG=46.3±6.0; GG=43.8±5.3) and weaning chest circumference (WCC; AA=50.9±4.0; AG=50.7±4.6; GG=47.1±7.3) compare to AA and AG genotype (p<0.05). Individual with CC and CT genotypes at SNP g.1079C/T had higher (P<0.05) in WW (CC=12.6±2.1; CT=12.5±2.5) and average daily gain (ADG; CC=81.2±21.8; CT=79.3±26.2) than TT genotype (WW=10.6±3.1; ADG=58.3±30.5). This results suggested that SNP g.998A/G and g.1079C/T of MC4R gene could be used as the genetic marker of growth traits for selection in Bligon goat.

scholarly journals Association of the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) gene polymorphism with growth traits of Hu sheep

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 106206
Author(s):  
Huili Shan ◽  
Xuemei Song ◽  
Yuhao Cao ◽  
Pei Xiong ◽  
Jianliang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Mc4r Gene ◽  
Melanocortin 4 Receptor ◽  
Hu Sheep

scholarly journals Association of a missense mutation of the <i>MC4R</i> gene with growth traits in cattle (Brief report) (Assoziation einer Mutation im MC41 Gen mit Wachstumsmerkmalen beim Rind)

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-516
Author(s):  
C. L. Zhang ◽  
H. Chen ◽  
Y. H. Wang ◽  
X. Y. Lan ◽  
L. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Missense Mutation ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
Ingestive Behavior ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Mc4r Gene ◽  
Melanocortin 4 Receptor ◽  
G Protein Coupled ◽  
Human And Mouse

Abstract. Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) is one of five G-protein-coupled receptors binding melanocortins that is implicated in the control of ingestive behavior and energy homeostasis. Mutations have been described in the human and mouse MC4R genes which are associated with obesity (YEO et al., 1998; HUSZAR et al., 1997). Moreover, a mutation in porcine MC4R is associated with economically important traits in the pig (KIM et al., 2000). The SNPs reported in bovine MC4R coding region were specific to breeds (VALLE et al., 2004; THUE et al., 2001; HAEGEMAN et al., 2001). In the present experiment over 95% of the coding region of MC4R were screened to detect the SNPs in the predominant cattle breeds of China. Association of a missense mutation of MC4R gene with growth traits was analyzed.

Biotechnologies of reproduction applied to dairy cattle production: Embryo transfer and IVF

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Bousquet ◽  
E. B. Burnside ◽  
B. J. Van Doormaal
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Highly Correlated

The objective of this paper is to review the utilization and outcome of reproductive biotechnologies in dairy cattle. Embryo transfer and IVF have their respective limits that influence their impact on a genetic improvement program. Embryo transfer is efficient and profitable in an artificial insemination breeding and selection program and IVF has great potential. Development of markers highly correlated with various economic traits will progressively be added to the present schemes to make them even more powerful. Key words: Reproductive technologies, embryo transfer, IVF, dairy cows, genetic

Developing marker-assisted models for evaluating growth traits in Canadian beef cattle genetic improvement

2011 ◽  
Vol 138 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Tang ◽  
X. Li ◽  
G. Plastow ◽  
S.S. Moore ◽  
Z. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Growth Traits
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