Possibilities of application a fixed combination of alogliptin and pioglitazone for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment

Hyperglycemia in T2DM is based on three main mechanisms: insulin resistance, progressive β-cell dysfunction, and excess glucose production by the liver.The onset of T2DM is usually preceded by a long period of insulin resistance. Prescribing sugar drugs that affect different links of pathogenesis, reducing a steady decrease in glycemia. To date, in clinical practice, various combinations of hypoglycemic drugs are used, the choice of which is determined by the characteristics of the course of diabetes in the patient, the presence of concomitant diseases and complications of diabetes, as well as the dominant clinical problem. This resolution provides an expert council opinion on the feasibility of using a combination of alogliptin and pioglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes.

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Comparison of Sleeve Gastrectomy and Conservatory Treatment Effect on Biochemical and Hormonal Profile of Obese Type 2 Diabetes Subjects: CREDOR Randomized Controlled Study Results

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.17.7.5730 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 68 (7) ◽

pp. 1622-1627 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Diana Simona Stefan ◽

Andrada Mihai ◽

Daiana Bajko ◽

Daniela Lixandru ◽

Laura Petcu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽

Beta Cell ◽

Beta Cell Dysfunction ◽

Control Group ◽

Cell Dysfunction ◽

Randomized Controlled

Metabolic surgery is the most efficacious method for the treatment of morbid obesity and was recently included among the antidiabetes treatments recommended in obese type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. The aim of this study was to compare in a randomized controlled trial the effect of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) to that of intensive lifestyle intervention plus pharmacologic treatment on some markers of insulin resistance and beta cell function as well as some appetite controlling hormones in a group of male obese T2D subjects. The study groups comprised 20 subjects for SG and 21 control subjects. Fasting blood glucose, insulin, proinsulin, adiponectin, leptin, ghrelin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-%B, proinsulin-to-insulin ratio and proinsulin-to-adiponectin ratio were evaluated at baseline and after one year follow-up. Overall, patients in the SG group lost 78.98% of excess weight loss (%EWL) in comparison with 9.45% in the control group. This was accompanied by a significant improvement of insulin resistance markers, including increase of adiponectin and decrease of HOMA-IR, while no changes were recorded in the control group. Weight loss was also associated with a significant improvement of proinsulin-to-insulin and proinsulin-to-adiponectin ratio, both surrogate markers of beta cell dysfunction. These also improved in the control group, but were only marginally significant. Our findings suggest that improved insulin resistance and decreased beta cell dysfunction after sleeve gastrectomy might explain diabetes remission associated with metabolic surgery.

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Visceral Adiposity Index is associated with Insulin Resistance, impaired Insulin Secretion, and β-cell dysfunction in subjects at risk for Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes Epidemiology and Management ◽

10.1016/j.deman.2021.100013 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 100013

Author(s):

Froylan David Martínez-Sánchez ◽

Valerie Paola Vargas-Abonce ◽

Andrea Rocha-Haro ◽

Romina Flores-Cardenas ◽

Milagros Fernández-Barrio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

At Risk ◽

Insulin Secretion ◽

Visceral Adiposity ◽

Visceral Adiposity Index ◽

Β Cell ◽

Cell Dysfunction ◽

Impaired Insulin

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The role of vitamin D in the development of type 2 diabetes

Voprosy detskoj dietologii ◽

10.20953/1727-5784-2021-1-44-52 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 44-52

Author(s):

A.P. Shumilov ◽

◽

M.Yu. Semchenkova ◽

D.S. Mikhalik ◽

T.G. Avdeeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Inverse Relationship ◽

Biological Mechanisms ◽

Β Cell ◽

Cell Dysfunction ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Vitamin D plays an important role in decreasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by influencing calcium metabolism, thereby reducing β-cell dysfunction and preventing insulin resistance. The findings of research works are contradictory enough, although some of them demonstrated an inverse relationship between vitamin D levels and the incidence of type 2 diabetes. The article describes the biological mechanisms of relationships between vitamin D levels and type 2 diabetes, reviews the results of the studies conducted and summarizes the available data. Key words: vitamin D, type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance

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Analysis of compensatory β-cell response in mice with combined mutations of Insr and Irs2

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00430.2006 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 292 (6) ◽

pp. E1694-E1701 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Jane J. Kim ◽

Yoshiaki Kido ◽

Philipp E. Scherer ◽

Morris F. White ◽

Domenico Accili

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Insulin Secretion ◽

Cell Response ◽

Cell Mass ◽

Comprehensive Treatment ◽

Β Cell ◽

Cell Dysfunction ◽

Impaired Insulin

Type 2 diabetes results from impaired insulin action and β-cell dysfunction. There are at least two components to β-cell dysfunction: impaired insulin secretion and decreased β-cell mass. To analyze how these two variables contribute to the progressive deterioration of metabolic control seen in diabetes, we asked whether mice with impaired β-cell growth due to Irs2 ablation would be able to mount a compensatory response in the background of insulin resistance caused by Insr haploinsufficiency. As previously reported, ∼70% of mice with combined Insr and Irs2 mutations developed diabetes as a consequence of markedly decreased β-cell mass. In the initial phases of the disease, we observed a robust increase in circulating insulin levels, even as β-cell mass gradually declined, indicating that replication-defective β-cells compensate for insulin resistance by increasing insulin secretion. These data provide further evidence for a heterogeneous β-cell response to insulin resistance, in which compensation can be temporarily achieved by increasing function when mass is limited. The eventual failure of compensatory insulin secretion suggests that a comprehensive treatment of β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes should positively affect both aspects of β-cell physiology.

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