scholarly journals Feasibility of Replacement of Cement with Copper Slag in Flyash Based Bricks

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.12) ◽  
pp. 576
Author(s):  
Harish S ◽  
Karthik S ◽  
Saravana Raja Mohan K
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Copper Slag ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Damage Potential ◽  
Cement Manufacturing ◽  
Global Threat

Cement manufacturing industry has been a great contributor to global warming which poses global threat. This novel paper investigates the possibilities of reducing the amount of cement used in a conventional flyash brick by replacing the cement with copper slag in various proportions to make way for substantial construction. Flyash bricks contribute less to global warming compared to chamber bricks, which involves lot of burning. Further substitution of cement with copper slag would significantly reduce its damage potential as copper slag itself is a by-product from copper manufacturing. A conventional flyash brick contains 5% of the entire mix as cement. This paper aims to replace the cement in flyash bricks in successive percentages of the entire mix i.e 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% with copper slag. The brick samples are then subjected to mechanical tests and durability tests as per IS 3495:1992 and IS 13757:1993. These data of the samples are compared with the normal flyash bricks to find the best proportion. The greatest advantage is the economic factor involved as 1kg of copper slag costs only 16% of that of cement, providing a greater scope for the implementation of this research in reality.

Mercury Emissions Control for the Cement Manufacturing Industry

2014 ◽  
pp. 141-162
Author(s):  
Robert Schreiber Jr. ◽  
Shameem Hasan ◽  
Carrie Yonley ◽  
Charles D. Kellett
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Emissions Control ◽  
Mercury Emissions ◽  
Cement Manufacturing

scholarly journals Comparison of physically- and economically-based CO<sub>2</sub>-equivalences for methane

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Boucher
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Cost Function ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Damage Cost ◽  
Damage Potential ◽  
Pulse Emission ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Potential Gdp

Abstract. There is a controversy on the role methane (and other short-lived species) should play in climate mitigation policies and no consensus on what an optimal methane CO2-equivalence should be. We revisit this question by discussing the relative merits of physically-based (i.e. Global Warming Potential or GWP and Global Temperature change Potential or GTP) and socio-economically-based climate metrics. To this effect we use a simplified Global Damage Potential (GDP) that was introduced by earlier authors and investigate the uncertainties in the methane CO2-equivalence that arise from physical and socio-economic factors. The median value of the methane GDP comes out very close to the widely used methane 100-year GWP because of various compensating effects. However there is a large spread in possible methane CO2-equivalences (1–99% interval: 10.0–42.5; 5–95% interval: 12.5–38.0) that is essentially due to the choice in some socio-economic parameters (i.e. the damage cost function and the discount rate). The methane 100-year GTP falls outside these ranges. It is legitimate to increase the methane CO2-equivalence in the future as global warming unfolds. While changes in biogeochemical cycles and radiative efficiencies cause some small changes to physically-based metrics, a systematic increase in the methane CO2-equivalence can only be achieved by some ad-hoc shortening of the time horizon. In contrast using a convex damage cost function provides a natural increase in the methane CO2-equivalence for the socio-economically-based metrics. We also show that a methane CO2-equivalence based on a pulse emission is sufficient to inform multi-year climate policies and emissions reductions as long as there is some degree of visibility on CO2 prices and CO2-equivalences.

scholarly journals Trust and communication as predictors of customer satisfaction in business-to-business relationship marketing in the South African cement manufacturing industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phineas Mbango ◽  
Maxwell Agabu Phiri
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
South African ◽  
Relationship Marketing ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Business Relationship ◽  
The South ◽  
The Face ◽  
Cement Manufacturing ◽  
Business To Business

Customer satisfaction has become relevant in the South African cement industry as it leads to customer loyalty and cooperation. In the current climate, to ensure long-term profitability, cement suppliers need to adopt strategies to ensure customer satisfaction. This study’s literature search has revealed that there is limited published research, particularly in South Africa, which deals with customer satisfaction determinants in the cement industry. The major objective of the study was to test if trust and communication influence customer satisfaction in the context of business-to-business relationship marketing in the South African cement manufacturing industry. The methodology involved a survey and was quantitative in nature. Data were collected from 362 major business-to-business cement customers throughout South Africa’s nine provinces using the face-to-face interview technique using a seven-point Likert scale structured self-administered questionnaires. The data collected in the empirical study were analysed using descriptive, correlation and regression analysis. The empirical results of this study suggest that, in order to maintain customer satisfaction, a cement supplier has to invest in ways of enhancing customer trust and communication. As a result this study makes both theoretical and practical contribution in the field of relationship marketing

Incorporating of CKD in binder course cold asphalt emulsion mixtures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Al-Hdabi ◽  
Mohammed Al-Jumaili ◽  
Huda Abdulzahra
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Cement Kiln Dust ◽  
Cement Kiln ◽  
Asphalt Emulsion ◽  
Cement Manufacturing ◽  
Kiln Dust

AbstractCold asphalt emulsion mixtures are produced at ambient temperature and it have several advantages i.e., energy savings, safety and reducing CO2 emission during manufacturing and construction, reduction of adverse environmental impact. Cement kiln dust is a fine powdery substance with appearance similar to Portland cement that is generated as a by-product material of cement manufacturing industry. The aim of this research is addition of cement kiln dust instead of Portland cement as filler in asphalt emulsion mixtures. Cement kiln dust was added with 2, 4, 6, and 8% from total weight of aggregate to improve the mechanical properties and durability of this mixture. The results were very positive and encouraging, due to the improvement of the mechanical properties and durability of the mixtures.

scholarly journals Process based system models for detecting opportunities and threats – the case of World Cement Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raine Isaksson
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
System Model ◽  
Sense Making ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
System Models ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Cement Manufacturing

Purpose Visualising change needs could be complex. One way of sense-making is to use process-based system models. Global warming requires major changes in many fields and especially for cement manufacturing, which represents a growing portion of man-made carbon emissions. The industry has proposed measures for change, but it is difficult to assess how good these are and more sense-making is needed to clarify the situation. The purpose of this paper is to visualise opportunities and threats for global cement manufacturing in the context of global warming, using a process-based system model. Design/methodology/approach Available data for cement manufacturing and for carbon emissions are combined both historically and as predictions based on chosen key performance indicators. These indicators are related to a chosen process-based system model. Findings The results indicate that the global cement industry does not have a viable plan to reduce carbon emissions sufficiently to comply with the objectives of maintaining global warming below 2°C. The application of the process-based system model indicates that it has the ability to visualise important opportunities and threats at the level of global processes. Practical implications The challenges of the world cement industry with reducing carbon emissions are highlighted. This information could be useful as a driver for change. Originality/value The paper provides insights into process-based improvement work related to cement industry carbon emissions.

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