scholarly journals Passively Q-Switched Pulse Erbium Doped Fiber Laser Using Antimony (III) Telluride (Sb2Te3) thin Film as Saturable Absorber

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.30) ◽  
pp. 313
Author(s):  
Noor U.H.H. Zalkepali ◽  
Noor A. Awang ◽  
Yushazlina R. Yuzaile ◽  
Amirah A . Latif ◽  
Fauzan Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Saturable Absorber ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Ring Cavity ◽  
Output Pulse ◽  
Laser Generation ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Antimony Telluride ◽  
Erbium Doped

This paper demonstrates on an antimony telluride (Sb2Te3) thin film sandwiched between two fiber ferrule as saturable absorber for Q-switched pulsed Erbium doped fiber (EDF) laser. The saturable absorber is fabricated by dissolving Antimony (III) Telluride powder into PVA solution and dry in the ambient temperature for 48 hours. Then, 1 mm2 x 1 mm2 Sb2Te3-PVA film based saturable absorber is sandwiched in between FC/PC ferrule for Q-switched laser generation. The modulation depth of the Sb2Te3 is measured as 28.01% with input intensity 0.02 MW/cm2. The developed passive saturable absorber integrated in EDF laser in ring cavity and the characterised pulse is with repetition rates of 30.21 kHz, shortest pulse width of 3.26 µs and signal-noise-ratio (SNR) of 42 dB. The maximum output pulse energy is achieved at pump power 69.5 mW with 29.5 nJ and the output power 0.89 mW.

scholarly journals Performance of Graphene Nanopowder-Polyvinyl Alcohol in Optical Pulse Generation at 1.5 Micron Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Nabihah Hussain ◽  
Mohd Rashidi Salim ◽  
Asrul Izam Azmi ◽  
Muhammad Yusof Mohd Noor ◽  
Ahmad Sharmi Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Saturable Absorber ◽  
Ring Cavity ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Pulse Generation ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelets ◽  
Laser Generation ◽  
Erbium Doped

This paper explains about the performance of graphene nanopowder (GNP) based saturable absorber (SA) at 1.5-micron region which is prepared by dissolution in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer. Two different GNP flakes thickness (AO2-8 nm and AO4-60 nm) are tested. By applying a solution casting method, three weight ratio of GNP to PVA (12.04, 8.03 and 3.11 wt.%) have been prepared and fabricated as a composite thin film. To characterize for the SA performance, 4 mm2 area of GNP-PVA thin film is embedded in a 14 meters long ring cavity with 3 meters Erbium doped fiber (EDF) as a gain medium. Our characterization results show that the GNP-PVA thin film act as a Q-switcher which produce stable laser pulses for 12.04 wt.% with maximum repetition rate of 39.22 kHz and shortest pulse width of 11.79 µs. Meanwhile, unstable Q-switched pulses of 8.03 wt.% and 3.11 wt.% have been observed with recorded signal to noise ratio (SNR) of only 21 dB and 17 dB, respectively. The threshold pumping power for Q-switched lasing to emerge is recorded as low as 30 mW. Apparently, it shows that GNP concentration and flakes thickness in fabricated SA composite plays vital role in the performance of generated Q-switch laser, particularly at 1.5 µm region. Full Text: PDF ReferencesT. Hasan, Z. Sun, F. Wang, F. Bonaccorso, P.H. Tan, A.G. Rozhin, A.C. Ferrari, "Nanotube–Polymer Composites for Ultrafast Photonics", Adv. Mater. 21, 3874 (2009). CrossRef Q. Bao, H. Zhang, Y. Wang, Z. Ni, Y. Yan, Z.X. Shen, K.P. Loh, D.Y. Tang, "Atomic-Layer Graphene as a Saturable Absorber for Ultrafast Pulsed Lasers", Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 3077 (2009). CrossRef Z. Luo, M. Zhou, J. Weng, G. Huang, H. Xu, C. Ye, Z. Cai, Opt. Lett. 35(21), 3709 (2010). CrossRef D. Popa, Z. Sun, T. Hasan, F. Torrisi, F. Wang, A.C. Ferrari, "Graphene Q-switched, tunable fiber laser", Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 3106 (2011). CrossRef Y.M. Chang, H. Kim, J.H. Lee, Y. Song, "Multilayered graphene efficiently formed by mechanical exfoliation for nonlinear saturable absorbers in fiber mode-locked lasers", Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 211102 (2010). CrossRef M. Jiang, Z. Ren, Y. Zhang, B. Lu, R. Zhang, J. Guo, Y. Zhou, J. Bai, "Passive Q-Switching with Graphene Saturable Absorber in Nd:YAG Operating at 1064nm", Mater. Sci. Forum 694, 700 (2011). CrossRef N. Hussin, M.H. Ibrahim, F. Ahmad, H. Yahaya, S.W. Harun, "Graphene Nanoplatelets (GnP)-PVA Based Passive Saturable Absorber", Telkomnika 15(2), 814 (2017). CrossRef F.C. Mat, M. Yasin, A.A. Latiff, S.W. Harun, Photonics Letters of Poland 9, 100 (2017). CrossRef E.K. Ng, K.Y. Lau, H.K. Lee, N.M. Yusoff, A.R. Sarmani, M.F. Omar, M.A. Mahdi, "L-band femtosecond fiber laser based on a reduced graphene oxide polymer composite saturable absorber", Opt. Mater. Express 11, 59 (2021). CrossRef N.H.M. Apandi, S.N.F. Zuikafly, N. Kasim, M.A. Mohamed, S.W. Harun, F. Ahmad, "Observation of dark and bright pulses in q-switched erbium doped fiber laser using graphene nano-platelets as saturable absorber", Bull. Electr. Eng. Inform. 8, 1358 (2019). CrossRef N.U.H.H.B. Zalkepali, N.A. Awang, Y.R. Yuzaile, Z. Zakaria, A.A. Latif and F. Ahmad, "Graphene Nanoplatelets as Saturable Absorber for Mode-locked Fiber Laser Generation", J. Adv. Res. Dyn. Control Syst. 12(2), 602 (2020). CrossRef X. Zhu and S. Chen, "Autoencoder-Based Transceiver Design for OWC Systems in Log-Normal Fading Channel", IEEE Photonics J. 11, 7105109 (2019). CrossRef

scholarly journals Highly Stable Passively Q-Switched Erbium-Doped All-Fiber Laser Based on Niobium Diselenide Saturable Absorber

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4303
Author(s):  
Ping Hu ◽  
Jiajia Mao ◽  
Hongkun Nie ◽  
Ruihua Wang ◽  
Baitao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Saturable Absorber ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenide ◽  
Center Wavelength ◽  
Niobium Diselenide ◽  
Erbium Doped ◽  
Layered Transition Metal

A saturable absorber (SA) based on niobium diselenide (NbSe2), which is a layered transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) in the VB group, is fabricated by the optically driven deposition method, and the related nonlinear optical properties are characterized. The modulation depth, saturable intensity, and nonsaturable loss of the as-prepared NbSe2 nanosheet-based SA are measured to be 16.2%, 0.76 MW/cm2, and 14%, respectively. By using the as-fabricated NbSe2 SA, a highly stable, passively Q-switched, erbium-doped, all-fiber laser is realized. The obtained shortest pulse width is 1.49 μs, with a pulse energy of 48.33 nJ at a center wavelength of 1560.38 nm. As far as we know, this is the shortest pulse duration ever obtained by an NbSe2 SA in a Q-switched fiber laser.

scholarly journals Observation of dark and bright pulses in q-switched erbium doped fiber laser using graphene nano-platelets as saturable absorber

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Hidayah Muhamad Apandi ◽  
Siti Nur Fatin Zuikafly ◽  
Nabilah Kasim ◽  
Mohd Ambri Mohamed ◽  
Sulaiman Wadi Harun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Saturable Absorber ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Ring Cavity ◽  
Laser Cavity ◽  
Laser Generation ◽  
Output Peak Power ◽  
Erbium Doped ◽  
Cavity Configuration

In this paper, a passively Q-switched Erbium doped fiber laser (EDFL) by residing Graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) embedded in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based saturable absorber (SA) is demonstrated. To aid the dispersion of GNPs, a surfactant is used and then it is mixed with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as host polymer to develop GnPs-PVA film based passive SA. The GnPs-PVA based film then integrated in laser cavity in ring cavity configuration for pulse laser generation. The experimental works show that the proposed passive SA operates at input pump power range from 77 mW to 128 mW with a tunable repetition rate from 78.4 kHz to 114.8 kHz and a shortest pulse width of 3.69 µs. The laser produces maximum instantaneous output peak power and pulse energy of 7.3 mW and 30.46 nJ, respectively and accompanied by signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 64 dB.

Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser using multi-layer graphene based saturable absorber

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 1450009 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kasim ◽  
C. L. Anyi ◽  
H. Haris ◽  
F. Ahmad ◽  
N. M. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pump Power ◽  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Saturable Absorber ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Ring Cavity ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Graphene Film ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Layer Graphene ◽  
Erbium Doped

The performance of a stable passive Q-switched Erbium Ytterbium co-doped fiber laser (EYFL) operating at 1532.5 nm is demonstrated using a multi-layer graphene film based saturable absorber. The graphene is synthesized by electrochemical exfoliation of graphite at room temperature in 1% sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) aqueous solution. Graphene flakes obtained from the process are mixed with polyethylene oxide (PEO) as the host polymer to produce free standing composite thin film which acts as a passive Q-switcher in the EYFL ring cavity. At 980 nm pump power of 44 mW, the EYFL generates optical pulse train with a repetition rate of 12.33 kHz and pulse width of 9.36 μs. The highest energy of 5.8 nJ and the lowest pulse width of 2.68 μs are achieved at the maximum pump power of 78 mW. Further increase in the pump power is expected to further improve both the pulse energy and pulse width.

scholarly journals Q-switched Erbium Doped Fiber Laser Incorporating Antimony (III) Telluride in Polyvinyl Alcohol as Saturable Absorber

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 409
Author(s):  
Ezzatul Irradah Ismail ◽  
S Muhammad Ashraf Zolkopli ◽  
Muhammad Quisar Lokman ◽  
Hafizal Yahaya ◽  
Sulaiman Wadi Harun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pump Power ◽  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Saturable Absorber ◽  
Pulse Width ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Laser Generation ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Center Wavelength ◽  
Erbium Doped

<span lang="EN-US">In this paper, we demonstrated a Q-switched erbium doped fiber laser (EDFL) incorporating Antimony (III) Telluride (Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub>) in polyvinyl alchohol (PVA) as passive saturable absorber.  The saturable absorber were fabricated by dissolving Antimony (III) Telluride powder into PVA solution and dry in the ambient temperature for 48 hours. Then, 1 mm<sup>2</sup> x 1 mm<sup>2</sup> Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub>-PVA film based saturable absorber were sandwiched in between FC/PC ferrule for Q-switched laser generation. The stable and self-started Q-switched laser operates at center wavelength 1560 nm with 3 dB bandwidth of 0.23 nm. The laser operates at pump power of 29.3 mW until 84.9 mW with repetition rate of 20.99 kHz to 89.29 kHz and pulse width of 13.95 µs to 5.10 µs. At maximum pump power, the laser able to achieve pulse energy of 62.72 nJ and high signal to noise ratio of 71.4</span>

scholarly journals Black Phosphorus Saturable Absorber for Pulse Generation Using Q-switched Teachnique

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Belal Ahmed Hamida ◽  
L A Hussein ◽  
Sheroz Khan ◽  
Mohamed Hadi Habaebi ◽  
Ahmad Anwar Zainuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saturable Absorber ◽  
Pulse Train ◽  
Ring Cavity ◽  
Maximum Output Power ◽  
Pulse Generation ◽  
Black Phosphorus ◽  
Maximum Output ◽  
Erbium Doped ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Laser Ring

This paper reported a passive Q-switched erbium doped fiber laser (EDFL) using two-dimensional (2D) material of black phosphorus saturable absorber (BP-SA). The maximum output power reached is 3.54 mW, which is generated by pump power of 42.327 mW. The results show that a stable pulse was generated with repetition rate starts at about 9.606 kHz and ends at about 44.72 kHz and very narrow pulse width between 40.01 µs and 9.84 µs and pulse energy 80 nJ. Clearly, the stability of the Q-switched pulse train was achieved because the BP-SA film was inserted in the laser ring cavity.

scholarly journals Highly efficient mode-locked and Q-switched Er3+-doped fiber lasers using a gold nanorod saturable absorber

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin-Wen Lee ◽  
Chien-Ming Chen ◽  
Wei-Hsiang Chuang ◽  
Ching-Yi Cho ◽  
Cheng-Hsien Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Saturable Absorber ◽  
Fiber Lasers ◽  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Gold Nanorod ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Saturation Intensity ◽  
Pulsed Fiber Laser

AbstractMode-locked and Q-switched pulsed fiber laser sources with wavelengths of 1.55 μm are widely used in various fields. Gold nanorods (GNRs) have been applied in biomedicine and optics owing to their biocompatibility, easy fabrication, and unique optical properties. This paper presents the analysis of a saturable absorber based on a colloidal gold nanorod (GNR) thin film for dual-function passively mode-locked and Q-switched 1.55-μm fiber lasers. The colloidal GNR thin film possesses superior properties such as a wide operating wavelength range, large nonlinear absorption coefficient, and a picosecond-order recovery time. Its modulation depth and saturation intensity at 1.55 μm are 7.8% and 6.55 MW/cm2, respectively. Passive mode-locked or Q-switched laser operation is achieved by changing the number of GNR thin-film layers. The advantages of these high-quality GNRs in mode-locked and Q-switched fiber lasers with record-high slope efficiency are verified by conducting comprehensive material and laser dynamic analyses. The self-starting mode-locked fiber laser with an efficiency as high as 24.91% and passively Q-switched fiber laser with the maximum energy of 0.403 μJ are successfully demonstrated. This paper presents the novel demonstration of reconfigurable mode-locked and Q-switched all-fiber lasers by incorporating colloidal GNR thin films.

Magnesium oxide (MgO) thin film as saturable absorber for passively mode locked erbium-doped fiber laser

2019 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wurood Abdulkhaleq Khaleel ◽  
Sinan Abdulhameed Sadeq ◽  
I.A.M. Alani ◽  
M.H.M. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Saturable Absorber ◽  
Erbium Doped
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