Assessment of selected heavy metal load and identification of bacterial status associated with suya meat sold in  Anambra state, Nigeria

Heavy metals and some pathogenic bacteria tend to contaminate food substances commonly consumed and this pose as health risks to the populace. The study was therefore conducted to assess the level of metal and bacteria contamination of meat barbecue (SUYA) commonly consumed in Anambra State, Nigeria. Thirty six sample were evenly collected from the sensational Zones and analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Metal values obtained range as follows: Cadmium(4.17-7.93mg/kg), Lead(0.24-3.39mg/kg),Zinc(2.6-28.3mg/kg) and Arsenic(0.19-2.3mg/kg). Samples from Anambra North had the highest Zinc, Lead, and Arsenic levels 14.02, 0.94, and 0.96mg/kg rewspectively, while Anambra South recorded the highest cadmium level 6.16mg/kg. The Estimated daily intake(EDI) of Cadmium alone was found to be greater than the recommended value in the 3 senatorial zones. Again only Cadmium had a target hazard quotient(THQ) of greater than one in all the senatorial zones. All the zones had hazard index (HI) greater than one. North(5.95+00). South,(8.1E+00) and Central(4.8+00). Cancer risk for cadmium recorded in all the zones were above accepted limits. While for Arsenic the North zone recorded levels above acceptable limits. The following bacteria species were isolated from analyze soya samples. Staphyloccocus cereus, Bacillus aureus, Salmonella species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia,however bacillus cereus was most commonly isolated and Pseudomonas aeruginosa least commonly isolated. The results indicated an appreciable level of contamination and a possible public health risk.

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Target hazard quotient evaluation of selected trace elements in highly consumed crustacean species in Lagos, Nigeria

Acta Scientiarum Biological Sciences ◽

10.4025/actascibiolsci.v43i1.53052 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. e53052

Author(s):

Rasheed Olatunji Moruf

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Trace Element ◽

Hazard Quotient ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Hazard Index ◽

Target Hazard Quotient ◽

Mean Values ◽

Mantis Shrimp ◽

Muscle Tissues ◽

The Mean

Crustaceans are known for their trace element bioaccumulation abilities. Muscle tissues of lagoon crab, marine crab, pink shrimp and mantis shrimp marketed for consumption in Nigeria were analyzed for Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Hg and Cr levels using standard methods. Muscle levels in mg kg-1 of Mn (0.03±0.00 in lagoon crab), Fe (0.072±0.01 in mantis shrimp), Cu (0.344±0.01 in lagoon crab) and Zn (0.073±0.00 in mantis shrimp) were significantly different (p<0.05) from their corresponding values in other examined crustaceans. The mean values of Cr and Hg were not significantly different across samples. The estimated daily intake of trace element (mg person-1day-1) revealed that Hg (0.000001) in marine crab contributed the lowest daily intake while Zn (0.000226) in lagoon crab contributed the highest daily intake. Total hazard quotient (THQ) values for the trace elements followed descending order of Hg > Cu > Zn > Fe > Mn > Cr. Lagoon crab showed the highest total hazard index among the organisms with 44.80 %, while the least was observed in mantis shrimp with 13.30 %. It is concluded that, as far as human health is concerned, the mean elemental levels in the muscle tissues of the organisms examined pose no danger (THQ < 1).

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Concentrations and related health risk assessment of pesticides, phthalates and heavy metals in strawberry from Shanghai, China

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/jfp-21-165 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wan-ce Shao ◽

Yang-yang Zang ◽

Hai-yao Ma ◽

Ye Ling ◽

Zhen-peng Kai

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Health Risk ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Hazard Quotient ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Hazard Index ◽

Target Hazard Quotient ◽

Pesticides Residues

In the present study, a risk assessment of pesticides, phthalates and heavy metals in strawberries (n = 335) in recent years was conducted by determining the out estimate dietary intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) . 128 Pesticides, 18 phthalates and 3 heavy metals were determined in this determination. 51 pesticide residues were detected in the strawberry samples, and 97.91% samples had levels of at least one of the 51 pesticides above the LOD (limit of detection). 2.39% of samples had pesticides higher than the Chinese MRL. Multiple pesticides residues were detected in most samples. Bis-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) were detected in the strawberry samples with high frequency of detection. Their detectable rates were 100, 100 and 89.9%, respectively. Most of the samples were detected lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) with the detectable rates 75.76, 92.93 and 92.93%, respectively. Estimated daily intake of analyzed pesticide, phthalate and heavy metal residues appear to be relatively low compared to the ADI. The average THQs and HI were less than one. That means the customers who are exposed to the average contaminants levels may not pose significant health risk. Our results show that the strawberries may be polluted by many kinds of contaminants. Therefore, monitoring of pesticides, phthalates and heavy metal residues in strawberries should be increasingly developed in order to fully protect the health of the consumer.

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KAJIAN RISIKO KESEHATAN MANUSIA TERKAIT KONSUMSI MAKANAN LAUT (SEAFOOD) YANG TERCEMAR LOGAM

OSEANA ◽

10.14203/oseana.2020.vol.45no.2.87 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 31-39

Author(s):

Triyoni Purbonegoro

Keyword(s):

Hazard Quotient ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Hazard Index ◽

Heavy Metal Concentration ◽

Maximum Amount ◽

Coastal Communities ◽

International Organization ◽

Target Hazard Quotient ◽

Safe Limit

Consuming contaminated seafood can be potentially harmful for human health, especially for coastal communities. For this reason, a health risk assessment is very important to determine the safe limit for consuming seafood. Several stages in this assessment are; (i) direct comparison with the standard/maximum limit of heavy metal concentration determined by each country or international organization, (ii) determination of the maximum amount of seafood that can be consumed by adults per week, (iii) determination of the Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), and (iv) determination of the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) of each metal and the Total Hazard Index (HI) for the combined metals.

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HEAVY METALS CONTAMINATION AND HUMAN HEALTH RISK FROM SELECTED FISH IN LAGOS, NIGERIA

JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND REVIEW IN SCIENCE ◽

10.36108/jrrslasu/7102/40(0123) ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chima Fausta Nnodum ◽

Kafeelah Abosede Yusuf ◽

Comfort Adetutu Adeniji

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Health Risk ◽

Human Health ◽

Fish Species ◽

Hazard Quotient ◽

Human Health Risk ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Hazard Index ◽

World Health ◽

Target Hazard Quotient

Abstract: Introduction : Heavy metals are known to cause deleterious effects on human health through food chain. Aims: The study is aimed at assessing heavy metal concentrations in the tissues of four highly consumed fish species and to evaluate the potential health risks associated with their consumption. Materials and Methods: The concentrations of Cu, Cd and Pb were analyzed in the tissues of Titus (Scomber Japonicus), Croaker (Pseudolithus Elongatus), Scumbia (Ilisha Africana) and Shrimps (Pipeus Notialis) by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) after digestion of the samples. Results: The results showed that Cd was not detected in the tissues of all fish species. There were variations among Cu and Pb concentrations in the tissues of the fish species. Cu had the highest concentrations (1.00 µg/g) in the tissues of croaker and shrimps respectively while Pb had the lowest concentrations (0.25 µg/g) in the tissues of Scumbia . The levels of all metals in the present study were lower than the limits permitted by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO), European Community Regulation (EU) and European Commission (EC). Assessment of noncarcinogenic health hazard using Target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) indicated no concern from consumption of these fish species. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of the studied metals through fish consumption was below the permissible tolerable daily intake. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is no potential human health risk from consumption of the selected fish species. Keywords: Heavy metals, Hazard index, Target hazard quotient.

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Assessment of Heavy Metal Concentrations and Public Health Risk in Fish Species of Sakarya River, Turkey

Asian Journal of Water Environment and Pollution ◽

10.3233/ajw210013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Ali Bilgili ◽

Hasan Hüseyin Ünal ◽

Mehmet Özdemir ◽

Ahmet Aydın ◽

Mustafa Kemal Başaralı

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Fish Species ◽

Hazard Quotient ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Hazard Index ◽

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽

Target Hazard Quotient ◽

Metal Concentrations ◽

Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽

Sakarya River

In this study, heavy metal concentrations including cadmium, lead, zinc, copper and arsenic concentrations were determined in five fish species (Capoeta sieboldii, Capoeta tinca, Scardinius erythrophthalmus, Squalius pursakensis and Barbus escherichii) obtained from the Sakarya River. The metal concentrations of fish supplied in four different seasons (winter, spring, summer and autumn) were determined by using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Although the metal concentrations showed seasonal variations in some fish species and also varied with respect to particular fish species, the concentrations of these metals were found to be within the permissible limits. In addition, it was concluded that the concentration of metal contamination in the evaluated fish species would not pose a risk for human consuming fish species obtained from Sakarya River by considering estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI), and target cancer risk (TCR) values.

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Assessment of the Levels of Pollution and of Their Risks by Radioactivity and Trace Metals on Marine Edible Fish and Crustaceans at the Bay of Bengal (Chattogram, Bangladesh)

Environments ◽

10.3390/environments8020013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Krishna Prasad Biswas ◽

Shahadat Hossain ◽

Nipa Deb ◽

A.K.M. Saiful Islam Bhuian ◽

Sílvia C. Gonçalves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trace Metals ◽

Bay Of Bengal ◽

Hazard Quotient ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Hazard Index ◽

Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Target Hazard Quotient ◽

Crustacean Species ◽

Coastal Belt ◽

Marine Environmental

Marine environmental pollution is a longstanding global problem and has a particular impact on the Bay of Bengal. Effluent from different sources directly enters rivers of the region and eventually flows into the Bay of Bengal. This effluent may contain radioactive materials and trace metals and pose a serious threat to the coastal environment, in addition to aquatic ecosystems. Using gamma spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrometry, a comprehensive study was carried out on the radioactivity (226Ra, 232Th, 40K, and 137Cs) and trace metal (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn, and Cr) concentrations, respectively, in fish and crustacean species collected from the coastal belt of the Bay of Bengal (Chattogram, Bangladesh). The analysis showed a noticeable increment in the levels of different radioactive pollutants in the marine samples, although the consumption of the studied fish and crustacean species should be considered safe for human health. Anthropogenic radionuclide (137Cs) was not detected in any sample. Furthermore, the metal concentrations of a small number of trace elements (Pb, Cd, Cr) were found to be higher in most of the samples, which indicates aquatic fauna are subject to pollution. The estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI), and target cancer risk (TR) were calculated and compared with the permissible safety limits. It was found that consuming the seafood from the Bay of Bengal may cause adverse health impacts if consumption and/or means of pollution are not controlled.

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Health Risk Assessment of Exposure to Heavy Metals from Sheep Meat and Offal in Kuwait

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-19-265 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 83 (3) ◽

pp. 503-510 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

SAMIR MOHAMMED ABD-ELGHANY ◽

MAHMOUD AHMED MOHAMMED ◽

ADEL ABDELKHALEK ◽

FAISAL SAAD SAUD SAAD ◽

KHALID IBRAHIM SALLAM

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Hazard Quotient ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Hazard Index ◽

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽

Target Hazard Quotient ◽

Mean Values ◽

Sheep Meat ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

The Mean

ABSTRACT A total of 600 sheep samples (200 each of muscle, liver, and kidney) collected from 200 sheep carcasses slaughtered at abattoirs in Kuwait were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry for concentrations of mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and chromium (Cr). These metals were detected in all (100%) examined samples; higher concentrations occurred in kidney followed by liver and muscle. The mean (±standard error of the mean) values of the metals detected in sheep muscle, liver, and kidney samples were 0.320 ± 0.061, 0.488 ± 0.042, and 0.791 ± 0.152 μg/g, respectively for Hg; 349 ± 0.074, 0.504 ± 0.049, and 0.642 ± 0.113 μg/g, respectively, for As; 0.482 ± 0.098, 0.567 ± 0.042, and 0.706 ± 0.098 μg/g, respectively, for Pb; 0.301 ± 0.344, 0.433 ± 0.032, and 0.586 ± 0.064 μg/g, respectively, for Cd; and 0.362 ± 0.064, 0.585 ± 0.044, and 0.738 ± 0.111 μg/g, respectively, for Cr. The concentrations of all heavy metals except Cr exceeded the maximum permissible limits set by various international food agencies. The estimated daily intake of each metal was lower than its provisional tolerable daily intake. The target hazard quotient and hazard index values for Hg were >1.0 in all examined sheep samples, suggesting significant health risks to the public from the consumption of sheep meat and offal marketed in Kuwait. HIGHLIGHTS

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Content and Dietary Exposure Assessment of Toxic Elements in Infant Formulas from the Chinese Market

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9121839 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1839

Author(s):

Chuanyou Su ◽

Nan Zheng ◽

Yanan Gao ◽

Shengnan Huang ◽

Xue Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Toxic Elements ◽

Hazard Quotient ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Hazard Index ◽

Dietary Exposure ◽

Carcinogenic Risk ◽

Target Hazard Quotient ◽

Infant Formulas ◽

Chinese Market

In this study, the content of chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in domestic and imported infant formulas from Beijing, China were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The content of Cr, As, Cd and Pb was 2.51–83.80, 0.89–7.87, 0.13–3.58 and 0.36–5.57 μg/kg, respectively. Even though there were no significant differences in toxic elements content between domestic and imported infant formulas, Cd content was slightly lower in domestic samples. The estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) were calculated for infants between 0.5 and 5 y of age. The EDIs were lower than the oral reference doses. THQ of As, Cr, Cd and Pb was 0.027–0.103, 0.024–0.093, 0.0025–0.0090 and 0.0015–0.0046, respectively. HI values were 0.055–0.192 for boys and 0.056–0.209 for girls and were inversely associated with age with a threshold < 1. The non-carcinogenic risk value were in the safe range, indicating that exposure of As, Pb, Cr and Cd from infant formulas do not represent a health risk in China.

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Heavy metal and essential elements in beers from turkey market: A risk assessment study

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/0960327121993215 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 096032712199321

Author(s):

M Charehsaz ◽

S Helvacıoğlu ◽

S Çetinkaya ◽

R Demir ◽

O Erdem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Hazard Quotient ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Hazard Index ◽

Carcinogenic Risk ◽

Essential Elements ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Multiple Heavy Metals

In this study, the level of arsenic (As), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) and also essential elements in beer samples consumed in Turkey were investigated using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. The heavy metal-induced non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks were calculated. For essential elements, the calculated estimated daily intake of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), selenium (Se) and cobalt (Co) from beer consumption were compared with their toxicity reference values. Tukey post-hoc test showed that As was found at a significantly higher level when compared to Pb. Also, a significant correlation was found between As level and alcohol by volume percent. All samples had a hazard quotient and hazard index <1, indicating no non-carcinogenic risk from exposure to single or multiple heavy metals. Some samples exceeded the threshold limit of acceptable cancer risk for As in the high beer consumer group. This assessment showed that in addition to health implications based on the alcohol content of beer, there might be a carcinogenic risk associated with the heavy metals content of these beverages.

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Biomonitoring and Subsequent Risk Assessment of Combined Exposure to Phthalates in Iranian Children and Adolescents

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15112336 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. 2336 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Maryam Zare Jeddi ◽

Mohamad Eshaghi Gorji ◽

Ivonne Rietjens ◽

Jochem Louisse ◽

Yuri Bruinen de Bruin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Assessment ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Health Risks ◽

Safety Concern ◽

Hazard Quotient ◽

Daily Intake ◽

Hazard Index ◽

Internal Exposure ◽

Combined Exposure ◽

Iranian Children

This study aimed to estimate the exposure and related health risks of phthalates, and to assess the health risks from combined exposure to three of the phthalates sharing the same mode of action (anti-androgenicity) in children. We determined the internal exposure of 56 Iranian children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years by analyzing seven urinary metabolites of five phthalates. The estimated daily intake values derived from the biomonitoring data ranged from 0.01 µg/kg bw/day for butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), to 17.85 µg/kg bw/day for di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). The risk assessment revealed that not only the exposure to the individual phthalates, but also the combined exposure to the three anti-androgenic phthalates (DEHP, DBP, BBP) did not raise a safety concern (hazard index values averaged 0.2). The range of maximum cumulative ratio values varied from around 1 for most individuals to around 2 in some individuals, indicating that the combined exposures were dominated by one and in some cases by two of the three anti-androgenic phthalates, especially dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and/or DEHP. Based on biomonitoring data, the overall combined exposure of Iranian children to phthalates does not raise a concern, while reduction of exposure is best focused on DEHP and DBP that showed the highest hazard quotient.

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