scholarly journals PO-092 Effects of hypoxic exercise on weight loss and lipid metabolism in overweight/obese men

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunshun Guo ◽  
Jianmin Cao ◽  
Deling Zhao ◽  
Shibin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Overweight People ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hypoxic Group

Objective  In recent years, people's diet has undergone tremendous changes. Excessive energy intake combined with insufficient exercise has made obesity a serious social problem. This study aims to achieve different training conditions under hypoxia and normoxia，conducting a six-week exercise training for obese overweight people. Comparing the difference in exercise weight loss between obese and overweight people in the normoxia training environment compared with hypoxia intervention, and the effect of hypoxic intervention on lipid metabolism indicators in overweight and obese people. Methods  A total of 40 male overweight/obese subjects were enrolled in the study, aged 18-47 years, with no abnormal physical examination and no motor contraindications. The overweight standard is BMI≥24, and the obesity standard is BMI≥28.All subjects were randomly matched according to body weight, divided into hypoxia group and normoxia group, and exercised for 6 weeks, training 3 times a week, one time every two days. Sports training includes 30 minutes of strength training and 30 minutes of aerobic endurance training. There are 5 minutes of warm-up and finishing activities before and after training. The strength training tool is dumbbell, and the weight of the corresponding 12RM is selected according to the exercise ability of the subject, and 8 exercises are performed. They are dead lift, upright row, squat, shoulder press, calf Jump, advance lunge, biceps curl and triceps extension. Those 8 movements are divided into two small loop trainings, which complete two large groups (each small loop is completed twice).Aerobic endurance training is done using a treadmill with a slope of 0°and the speed is adjusted according to the range of the target heart rate. The target heart rate is 60%-70% at the maximum heart rate. The maximum heart rate calculation method is (220-age).The hypoxic group is equipped with a suction-type atmospheric hypoxic device and is operated under a low-oxygen environment. The oxygen content of the inhaled mixed gas is 16%, the normoxic group was exercised under normoxic conditions. Nutritional education was given to all subjects prior to the start of exercise intervention, but diet was not restricted during the intervention. Before and after intervention, height and weight were measured, and BMI was calculated. Fasting venous blood was used to detect total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), leptin (LEP) and adiponectin (ADPN). All test results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Comparison of data between groups, using nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test. Comparison of intra-group data, using non-parametric Wilcoxon matching for symbol level checking, the significance level was P<0.05, and the very significant level was P<0.01. Results (1) After the intervention, the body weight of both groups decreased, and the Δbody weight (P<0.01), body weight change rate (P<0.01) and BMI change rate (P<0.01) in the hypoxic group were significantly higher than normal oxygen group. (2) TG, TC and LDL-C decreased in the hypoxic group, and there was a significant difference between TG and TC before intervention (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in TG, TC and LDL-C between the normoxic group and the intervention group (P>0.05). (3) The TG change rate (P<0.05), TC change rate (P<0.05) and LDL-C change rate (P<0.01) in the hypoxic group were significantly higher than those in the normoxic group. (4) HDL-C in hypoxia group and normoxia group decreased after intervention, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05), and there was no difference between HDL-C(P>0.05). (5) LEP and ADPN in the hypoxic group increased after intervention, but there was no significant difference compared with before intervention (P>0.05). LEP and ADPN in the normoxic group decreased after intervention, and there was no difference between the LEP change rate and the ADPN change rate (P>0.05). Conclusions Under hypoxic intervention, the weight change, rate of change, and BMI change rate of overweight people were larger than those of the normoxic group. Body weight, BMI is a direct indicator of the degree of obesity in individuals. The hypoxic weight loss intervention shows greater advantages than the normoxic group from the intuitive data, which can help overweight and obese people to lose more weight under the same training load and intensity. After six weeks of training, in the hypoxic group, TC, TG and LDL-C decreased, and HDL-C increased. However, in the normoxic control group, these indicators did not show similar significant changes. It shows that through hypoxia intervention combined with exercise training, it can prevent and alleviate various chronic diseases caused by obesity more effectively, such as atherosclerosis. The other two indicators, LEP and ADPN, did not change significantly in both hypoxic and normoxic training. Conjecture there may be other mechanisms affecting the expression levels of these two hormones in the body. In summary, the researchers think the hypoxic exercise to lose weight is better than normal oxygen exercise, and it has a greater impact on most lipid metabolism indicators, which can stimulate most lipid metabolism to produce benign changes.

scholarly journals PO-075 Effects of hypoxic exercise on weight loss and lipid metabolism in overweight/obese adult women

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwen Lian ◽  
Jianmin Cao ◽  
Kun Ai ◽  
Xiaolei Deng
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Hypoxic Environment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hypoxic Group ◽  
Hypoxic Exercise

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of hypoxic exercise intervention on weight loss and weight control in overweight and obese people from the perspective of lipid metabolism through the exercise intervention in this experiment under normal pressure and low oxygen environment. Exercise is indispensable in the prevention and treatment of obesity. Scientific weight loss is firstly to change the original unhealthy daily life habits and to develop a good lifestyle and to control diet and to exercise regularly. Exercise in a hypoxic environment, the body should accept the dual stimulation of environmental what hypoxia and exercise hypoxia. Exercise in a hypoxic environment can deepen the impact on lipid metabolism. In a hypoxic environment, the oxygen saturation of the human arteries (the concentration of blood oxygen in the blood) is reduced; in altitude training or intermittent hypoxia training conditions, blood oxygen saturation can be reduced to 80-85%, and it is not in the normoxic environment. The result of hypoxia is that the muscles are forced to do anaerobic metabolism. In order to provide energy during exercise, and the body will store the stored fat to supply energy. Methods The subjects in this study were adult overweight or obese women between the ages from 18 to 47 for a total of 40. Subjects with a BMI ≥ 24 were overweight and subjects with a BMI ≥ 28 were obese. Subjects who passed the physical examination screening were healthy and had normal motor function. All subjects used the weight index to pair the average into subgroups what hypoxic and normoxic groups. Exercise intervention, the training period is 6 weeks, the training the next day and 7 times in two weeks. The training content is divided into strength training and endurance training. The strength training is divided into each group of eight. To complete two cycles and the interval is 30s. The interval between each subgroup is 10s. Warm up and stretch before training. The time is 30 minutes. 12RM weight for strength training dumbbells, each group do 10-15 times. Eight actions include dead lift, upright row, squat, shoulder press, calf Jump, advance junge, biceps curl and triceps extension. Endurance training uses a running platform with a slope of 0°. The running speed is adjusted according to the target heart rate interval. The formula for calculating the target heart rate interval is (220-age) × 60%~(220-age) × 70%, running time is 30 minutes. In the hypoxic group, a suction-type atmospheric hypoxic device was used during exercise, and a mixed gas having an oxygen content of 16% was inhaled. The normoxic group is in a normal atmospheric environment during exercise. The ideological education of a reasonable nutritional diet for the subjects before and during the intervention is not mandatory to control the subject's daily diet. Height and weight and BMI were measured before and after exercise intervention. Fasting venous blood was taken to detect total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-). C), leptin (LEP) and adiponectin (ADPN). All test results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison between groups, and non-parametric Wilcoxo was used for comparison within the group.The n-match was tested on the symbol level, with a significance level of P < 0.05 and a very significant level of P < 0.01. Results After the intervention, the body weight of both groups decreased. The Δ body weight (P<0.01), body weight change rate (P<0.01) and BMI change rate (P<0.01) in the hypoxic group were significantly higher than the normal rate. Oxygen group. TG, TC and LDL-C decreased in hypoxia group, and TG (P<0.05), TC (P<0.05) and LDL-C (P<0.01) were significantly different from those before intervention (P<0.01). The levels of TG and LDL-C increased after the intervention of normoxia group, and LDL-C was significantly different from that before intervention (P<0.05). The TC change rate (P<0.01) and LDL-C change rate (P<0.01) in the hypoxic group were significantly higher than those in the normoxic group, and the TG change rate was not different from the normoxic group (P>0.05). The HDL-C in hypoxia group and normoxia group increased after intervention. The hypoxia group had a statistically significant difference compared with the pre-intervention group (P<0.01), and the HDL-C rate in the hypoxic group was significantly higher than that in the hypoxic group. Oxygen group (P<0.05). LEP and ADPN in the hypoxic group increased after intervention, but there was no significant difference compared with before intervention (P>0.05). There was no significant difference between LEP and ADPN in the normoxic group before and after intervention (P>0.05). The change rate of LEP (P<0.05) and ADPN (P<0.01) were significantly higher in the group than in the normoxic group. Conclusions (1) Under the same exercise intensity, After 6 weeks of hypoxic exercise intervention the hypoxic environment is more conducive to weight loss in overweight/obese women. (2) Compared with normotensive exercise, The six weeks of hypoxic exercise can effectively improve the lipid metabolism of overweight/obese women. (3) Hypoxic exercise failed to significantly increase serum LEP and ADPN levels in subjects, but the index change rate was better than that of oxygen group.

scholarly journals Therapy of obesity by sibutramin: polymorphisms of TPH2 and GNB3 genes and decrease of body weight

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Marina O. Galieva ◽  
Ekaterina A. Troshina ◽  
Nataliya V. Mazurina ◽  
Anna P. Volynkina ◽  
Andrey V. Artiushin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tph2 Gene

Aims. To study of the polymorphisms of the TPN2 and GNB3 genes in obese patients and their effect on weight loss in patients on sibutramine therapy. Materials and methods. The research study included 118 patients with exogenous-constitutional obesity who received Reduxin (sibutramine + CMC) at the dose of 10 mg. Term follow-up was 3 months. A genetic study was performed to assess ТРН2 and GNB3 gene polymorphisms. The response to the therapy was evaluated after 3 months by the dynamics of body weight. Results. In the study the G703T polymorphism of the GNB3 gene showed that during 3 months of observation, carriers of the TT genotype had a greater decrease in body weight in comparison with carriers of the allele C -8 kg (-12; -5) vs. -5 kg (-8; -3), p = 0.018. In carriers of different variants of the genotype of the TPH2 gene (polymorphism C825T), there was no difference in body weight dynamics with sibutramine therapy. There was no correlation between the foresaid polymorphisms of the TPH2 and GNB3 genes with the indices of blood pressure and heart rate. Conclusions. 1. The result of sibutramin therapy may depend on genetic factors: in carriers of the TT-genotype C825T of the GNB3 gene the body weight loss was higher than among the carriers of the C allele. 2. Changes in blood pressure and heart rate did not show any statistically significant relationship with polymorphisms of the TPH2 and GNB3 genes.

scholarly journals Body-weight goals, trends, and weight-loss techniques among patients with peripheral arterial disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Addison ◽  
R Yang ◽  
MC Serra
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Disease ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intentional Weight Loss ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Background: Obesity contributes to negative outcomes in peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Little is known about the body-weight goals and trends among patients with PAD. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore self-reported body-weight trends and methods used to achieve weight loss in patients with PAD. Methods: Data from the 1999–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was utilized to compare individuals with PAD who were overweight and obese ( n = 240), to matched individuals without PAD ( n = 480). Self-reported body weight at age 25 years, 10 years prior and 1 year prior to the current assessment, and age and weight of heaviest body weight were compared. Self-reported weight-loss techniques during the past year were compared between groups. Results: Individuals with PAD and controls reported similar weights 10 years prior (79.2 kg vs 78.5 kg; p = 0.60) and weight gain over the last 10 years of 5.7 kg. There was no significant difference in reported body weight at age 25 years, 10 years prior, 1 year prior, or heaviest weight. Compared with the control group, fewer participants with PAD reported attempted weight loss in the last year (27.50% vs 36.04%; p = 0.02) and were half as likely to report utilizing exercise as a weight-loss method (12.5% vs 21.7%; p = 0.003). Conclusions: These data indicate that those with PAD are less inclined to attempt weight loss, especially through means of increased physical activity. Future research is needed regarding the effectiveness of intentional weight-loss programs in this population.

scholarly journals Therapy of obesity by sibutramin: polymorphisms of TPH2 and GNB3 genes and decrease of body weight

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Marina O Galieva ◽  
Ekaterina A Troshina ◽  
Nataliya V Mazurina ◽  
Anna P Volynkina ◽  
Andrey Artiushin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tph2 Gene

AIMS. To study of the polymorphisms of the TPN2 and GNB3 genes in obese patients and their effect on weight loss in patients on sibutramine therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The research study included 118 patients with exogenous-constitutional obesity who received Reduxin (sibutramine + CMC) at the dose of 10 mg. Term follow-up was 3 months. A genetic study was performed to assess ТРН2 and GNB3 gene polymorphisms. The response to the therapy was evaluated after 3 months by the dynamics of body weight. RESULTS. In the study the G703T polymorphism of the GNB3 gene showed that during 3 months of observation, carriers of the TT genotype had a greater decrease in body weight in comparison with carriers of the allele C – -8 kg (-12; -5) vs. -5 kg (-8; -3), p = 0.018. In carriers of different variants of the genotype of the TPH2 gene (polymorphism C825T), there was no difference in body weight dynamics with sibutramine therapy. There was no correlation between the foresaid polymorphisms of the TPH2 and GNB3 genes with the indices of blood pressure and heart rate. CONCLUSIONS. 1. The result of sibutramin therapy may depend on genetic factors: in carriers of the TT-genotype C825T of the GNB3 gene the body weight loss was higher than among the carriers of the C allele. 2. Changes in blood pressure and heart rate did not show any statistically significant relationship with polymorphisms of the TPH2 and GNB3 genes.

scholarly journals Can a Nordic diet be implemented as a new strategy for successful long-term weight loss maintenance in subjects with obesity?

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieselotte Cloetens ◽  
Åsa Sedin ◽  
Mona Landin-Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sagittal Abdominal Diameter ◽  
Nordic Diet ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractIntroductionA key problem in all weight-loss programs to fight obesity is the extent to which the body weight is maintained on a long-term basis. The study examines whether the 1-year consumption of healthy Nordic foods can result in better sustainable weight control compared to a control diet.Material and methodsAfter a successful 6-week VLCD period in obese subjects (n = 80, 52 ± 10y, BMI 34.4 ± 3.1 kg/m2, 69% female; 93% completers, -10.9 ± 3.0 kg, p < 0.001), the subjects were randomized to a new Nordic diet (NND) and a traditional Nordic diet (TND) group. The following 1-year period was a body weight maintenance period where the diets were implemented ad libitum. Weight, BMI, waist circumference and sagittal abdominal diameter were measured at 0 (immediately after VLCD), 6 and 12 months. Results are reported as mean ± SEM. Differences in the anthropometric parameters between the diets at different time points compared to the start of the dietary intervention were statistically evaluated using a general linear model (GLM-ANOVA, Minitab Inc.).ResultsForty-three subjects were randomized to NND and 37 to TND. In the NND group, 31 subjects completed the 6-month visit and 30 subjects 12-month visit. In the TND group, 24 and 21 completed 6-month and 12-month visit, respectively. We observed a non-significant difference in weight change at 6 months between NND (0.04 ± 0.87kg) and TND (2.65 ± 1.08kg). At 12 months, the weight change was significantly different between the diets (NND 1.94 ± 0.99 kg and TND 5.69 ± 1.41 kg, p = 0.029, R2 = 9.39). Change in the BMI at 12 months was significantly lower for NND (0.65 ± 0.33 kg/m2) compared to TND (1.87 ± 0.46 kg/m2, p = 0.034, R2 = 8.87) but not at 6 months (0.01 ± 0.30 kg/m2 for NND and 0.84 ± 0.36 kg/m2 for TND). Differences in waist circumference (at 6 months 0.26 ± 0.93 cm for NND and 3.30 ± 1.45 cm for TND; at 12 months 1.04 ± 1.01 cm for NND and 3.85 ± 1.79 cm for TND) were not statistically different. The sagittal abdominal diameter was borderline statistically different at 6 months (NND -0.28 ± 0.29 cm and TND 0.49 ± 0.22 cm, p = 0.049, R2 = 7.09) but not at 12 months (NND 0.41 ± 0.38 cm and TND 1.23 ± + 0.42cm).ConclusionResults show a tendency that the type of diet has an impact on successful weight maintenance, with a benefit for the NND. Further statistical analyses including dietary compliance and biomarkers are needed and will be performed. Moreover, the study is ongoing with a total of 2-year follow-up.

scholarly journals PO-093 Effects of 6-week hypoxic exercise on aerobic capacity-related proteins in overweight/obese women

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Chang ◽  
Jianmin Cao ◽  
Yue Yu ◽  
Xu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Target Heart Rate ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hypoxic Group

Objective To explore the effects of hypoxic and normoxic exercise on hemoglobin (Hb), erythropoietin (EPO), hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in overweight women. Methods This study enrolled 40 female overweight/obese subjects, age is among 18-47 years old, with no abnormal physical examination. The overweight standard is BMI ≥ 24, and the obesity standard is BMI ≥ 28. All subjects were paired according to body weight, divided into hypoxia group and normoxia group, doing 6 weeks of exercise intervention, 3 times a week, every next day one time. The exercise intervention includes 30 minutes of strength training and 30 minutes of endurance training. There are 5 minutes of warm up before training and 5 minutes cool down after the training. Strength training uses the device as a dumbbell. The training content consists of 8 movements, there are dead lift, upright row, squat, shoulder press, calf Jump, advance junge, biceps curl and triceps extension, and the weight is 12RM. 2 sets for each action, rest between sets is 30s. Endurance training uses a treadmill with a slope of 0°, and the speed is adjusted according to the target heart rate interval. The calculation method of the target heart rate interval is (220-age)×60%～(220-age)×70%. Among them, the hypoxic group is equipped with a suction-type atmospheric hypoxic device, which moves with low-oxygen environment, and the oxygen content of the inhaled mixed gas is 16%; the normoxic group moves with normal oxygen environment. Nutritional education was given to all subjects prior before the start of exercise intervention, but diet was not restricted during the intervention. Fasting venous blood was taken before and after Fasting venous blood before and after exercise intervention intervention, and Hb, EPO, HIF1α, and VEGF were detected. All the test results were expressed by mean±standard deviation (x±SD). The data between two groups were compared by non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. The intra-group data were compared using a nonparametric Wilcoxon match for the symbol level test, with a significance level of P < 0.05 and a very significant level of P < 0.01. Results After the intervention, the Hb level in the hypoxic group was increased, but there was no significant difference compared with the pre-intervention group (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the Hb change rate between the hypoxic group and the normoxic group (P>0.05). The EPO level in the hypoxic group was significantly increased, and there was a statistically significant difference compared with the pre-intervention group (P<0.01). There was no significant change in the EPO level in the normoxic group (P>0.05). The EPO change rate in the hypoxic group was compared with the normoxic group. There was no statistical difference (P>0.05). The level of HIF1α in the hypoxic group was significantly higher than that before the intervention (P<0.01). The level of HIF1α in the normoxic group was significantly lower than that before the intervention (P<0.01). The rate of change of HIF1α in the oxygen group was statistically different from that in the normox group (P<0.01). The level of VEGF in the hypoxic group was increased, but the level of VEGF in the normoxic group was decreased, but there was no significant difference compared with the pre-intervention group (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the rate of VEGF in the hypoxic group compared with the normoxic group(P>0.05). Conclusions Compared with normotensive exercise, 6-week exercise increased the levels of Hb and EPO in overweight women, but the difference between hypoxia and normoxia was not significant. The level of HIF1α in the hypoxic group was increased, and the level of HIF1α in the normoxic group was decreased. This index was significantly affected by hypoxia. The level of VEGF in the hypoxic group was increased, and the level of VEGF in the normoxic group was decreased, but the effects of hypoxia and exercise were not obvious.

The influence of osteopathic correction on the rate of various rhythms of the body

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Chernikova ◽  
Yu. P. Potekhina
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Introduction. An osteopathic examination determines the rate, the amplitude and the strength of the main rhythms (cardiac, respiratory and cranial). However, there are relatively few studies in the available literature dedicated to the influence of osteopathic correction (OC) on the characteristics of these rhythms.Goal of research — to study the influence of OC on the rate characteristics of various rhythms of the human body.Materials and methods. 88 adult osteopathic patients aged from 18 to 81 years were examined, among them 30 men and 58 women. All patients received general osteopathic examination. The rate of the cranial rhythm (RCR), respiratory rate (RR) heart rate (HR), the mobility of the nervous processes (MNP) and the connective tissue mobility (CTM) were assessed before and after the OC session.Results. Since age varied greatly in the examined group, a correlation analysis of age-related changes of the assessed rhythms was carried out. Only the CTM correlated with age (r=–0,28; p<0,05) in a statistically significant way. The rank dispersion analysis of Kruskal–Wallis also showed statistically significant difference in this indicator in different age groups (p=0,043). With the increase of years, the CTM decreases gradually. After the OC, the CTM, increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001). The RCR varied from 5 to 12 cycles/min in the examined group, which corresponded to the norm. After the OC, the RCR has increased in a statistically significant way (p<0,0001), the MNP has also increased (p<0,0001). The initial heart rate in the subjects varied from 56 to 94 beats/min, and in 15 % it exceeded the norm. After the OC the heart rate corresponded to the norm in all patients. The heart rate and the respiratory rate significantly decreased after the OC (р<0,0001).Conclusion. The described biorhythm changes after the OC session may be indicative of the improvement of the nervous regulation, of the normalization of the autonomic balance, of the improvement of the biomechanical properties of body tissues and of the increase of their mobility. The assessed parameters can be measured quickly without any additional equipment and can be used in order to study the results of the OC.

A study on the safety evaluation of buphrenorphine administered through an autoinjector compared with manual injection using haematological and biochemical variables in rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 901-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Sheela ◽  
R Vijayaraghavan ◽  
S Senthilkumar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Weight Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Manual Group ◽  
Significant Change

Buprenorphine drug cartridge was made for autoinjector device for use in emergency and critical situations to reduce the morbidity and mortality. Water-filled cartridges were prepared and buprenorphine was injected aseptically in the cartridge, to make 0.05 and 0.10 mg/mL. Rats were injected intraperitoneally, buprenorphine (0.3 and 0.6 mg/kg), repeatedly with the autoinjector and compared with manual injection (7 days and 14 days) using various haematological and biochemical parameters. No significant change was observed in the body weight, organ to body weight ratio and haematological variables in any of the experimental groups compared with the control group. Except serum urea and aspartate aminotransferase, no significant change was observed in glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, bilirubin, protein, albumin, creatinine, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, gamma glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase. The autoinjectors deliver the drugs with spray effect and force for faster absorption. In the present study, the autoinjector meant for intramuscular injection was injected intraperitoneally in rats, and the drug was delivered with force on the vital organs. No significant difference was observed in the autoinjector group compared to the manual group showing tolerability and safety of the buphrenorphine autoinjector. This study shows that buprenorphine autoinjector can be considered for further research work.

scholarly journals Frequency of Selenomonas Noxia in Oral Microbiota of Obese and Normal Weight People in Duhok-Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
Roshna M. Qadir ◽  
Mahde S. Abdulrahman
Keyword(s):  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Overweight People ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Overweight Group ◽  
Oral Carriage ◽  
Selenomonas Noxia

Obesity represents one of the major problematic health issues worldwide. Recent evidences suggest that obesity is related with the alteration of the oral microbiome. The aim of this study was to measure the salivary bacterial Selenomonas noxia in Duhok population. A total of 155 saliva samples were collected from individuals (aged between 19-35 years) of both genders (86 females and 69 males). The individuals were divided into three groups (obese, overweight, and normal weight) based on their body mass index. Bacterial genomic DNA was extracted from saliva samples. Molecular detections of Selenomonas noxia were performed by the polymerase chain reaction. Among the 155 participants, 34.1% were obese, 26.4% overweight and 39.3% normal weight individuals. The prevalence rate of oral S. noxia among all people was 82.6%. The highest rate of S. noxia was in obese people (86.8%), followed by overweight (85.4%) and normal weight people (77%). The prevalence of S. noxia in overweight people was statistically significant in compare with the normal weight people (p<0.0001). Moreover, the oral carriage of S. noxia was highest among the overweight females (94.5%) followed by obese females (88.9%). However, no significant difference was found compared to males. The result revealed that it is possible to assume that the expansion of S. noxia in saliva is due to obesity. Moreover, the composition of salivary microbiome may lead to the risk that the overweight group is at risk of future obesity. However, further investigations are required with larger sample and participants with different socioeconomic status in order to address the exact link between obesity and oral bacteria. This could lead to a new and promising therapeutic way for improving human's health.  

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