The Impact of Trace Elements Applied with PGPB on the Vitis vinifera L Seedlings Resistance to the Copper Excess in Soil

BACKGROUND: Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) as basis for winemaking is one of the most economically important plants in modern agriculture. As requirements in viticulture are increasing due to changing environments, terroir and pests, classical agriculture techniques reach their limits. OBJECTIVE: We summarize the impact of modern “omics” technologies on modern grapevine breeding and cultivation, as well as for dealing with challenges in viniculture caused by environmental or terroir changes and pests and diseases. In this review, we give an overview on current research on the influence of “omics” technologies on modern viticulture. RESULTS: Considerable advances in bioinformatics and analytical techniques such as next generation sequencing or mass spectrometry fueled new molecular biological studies. Modern “omics” technologies such as “genomics”, “transcriptomics”, “proteomics” and “metabolomics” allow the investigation on a large-scale data basis and the identification of key markers. Holistic understanding of genes, proteins and metabolites in combination with external biotic and abiotic factors improves vine and wine quality. CONCLUSION: The rapid evolution in wine quality was only enabled by the progress of modern biotechnological methods developing enology from a handcraft to science.

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Appreciation of the Chemical Ingredients of Black Grapes Structures Vitis vinifera L. and Identify the Impact Against oxidation

Advances in Environmental Biology ◽

10.22587/aeb.2018.12.6.2 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

The Impact

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Seasonal differences in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinot noir fruit and wine quality in relation to climate

OENO One ◽

10.20870/oeno-one.2019.53.2.2427 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Magali Blank ◽

Marco Hofmann ◽

Manfred Stoll

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Pinot Noir ◽

Sugar Accumulation ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Maturity Stage ◽

Wine Quality ◽

Micro Scale ◽

The Impact

Aims: A better understanding of the relationship between weather conditions and wine quality would provide tools for assessing the impact of climate change and the potential for adaptation. Most studies rely on assessing wine quality by the price per bottle or by an overall ranking and then establishing general relations to weather conditions. However, such an approach may imply the addition of bias by variable winemaking techniques overcoming vintage effects. The aim of our study was therefore to implement a controlled conditions approach using grape samples from a single vineyard and a standardized micro-scale winemaking technique to produce wines in similar conditions for each vintage over more than a decade. We hope that this data will allow new insights into responses to climatic differences.Methods and results: From 2005 to 2015, data was collected from a vineyard of Hochschule Geisenheim University planted with Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinot Noir grafted on rootstock SO4 in four field replicates. Weather conditions were recorded together with the major phenological stages, yield, infection of the bunches by Botrytis cinerea bunch rot, and pruning weight. Key primary juice compounds were analyzed and berry phenolics in skins and seeds were determined before harvest. Micro-scale winemaking was developed to produce wines in standardized conditions. The repeatability of the method to assess the extraction of anthocyanins and tannins was shown to be 2–10% and 8–12%, respectively, depending on grape maturity stage. Sugar accumulation was coupled to warmer conditions during the maturation period, and high temperatures after véraison decreased the concentration of malic acid in the juice. The accumulation of primary amino acids (N-OPA) in the juices seemed positively related to warmer conditions between bud break and flowering. Increased temperature, especially before véraison, accompanied by a lack of precipitation was related to an accumulation of tannins in fruit and wine, with a higher accumulation in skins than seeds. The temperature-sensitive anthocyanin accumulation in grapes was coupled to warmer conditions after véraison. These differences in anthocyanin concentration could also be observed in the wine.Conclusions: High-quality vintages were linked to warmer than normal growing seasons and below normal precipitation.Significance and impact of the study: The use of a micro-scale winemaking technique represents an innovative tool to provide detailed information in a controlled and reproducible way. A better understanding of the interaction between weather conditions and berry/wine compounds will help with developing improved winemaking techniques and better adapting to future impacts of climate change.

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Influence of summer management practices and date of harvesting on organic acids concentration and sugar concentration in grapes of Vitis vinifera L., cv. Riesling

Horticultural Science ◽

10.17221/213/2017-hortsci ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 45 (No. 4) ◽

pp. 211-218

Author(s):

Lubomír Lampíř ◽

Jiří Źaloudek

Keyword(s):

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Management Practices ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Acid Ratio ◽

Lateral Shoots ◽

The Impact ◽

Wine Ageing ◽

Cool Climate

The impact of summer canopy management was investigated in Vitis vinifera L., cv. Riesling. Sugar and organic acid concentrations were measured for the six defoliation treatments. Titratable acidity (TA) was measured twice before harvest and once at the date of harvest. The same measurements were done twice during wine ageing. The young wine was measured for concentrations of malic, tartaric and volatile acids. Treatments with appropriate defoliation, where shortened lateral shoots (up to two leaves) were retained, supported the process of wine grape ripening to the greatest extend in the cool climate of the Czech Republic, while treatments with almost no defoliation yielded the worst results. The TA decreased during fruit ripening after veraison and continued to decrease during wine maturation. The tendency of decreasing with time was shown for the malic to tartaric acid ratio as well. Concentrations of volatile acids were sufficiently low in each of the treatments.

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Implication of Row Orientation Changes on Fruit Parameters of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Riesling in Steep Slope Vineyards

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10112682 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2682

Author(s):

Timo Strack ◽

Manfred Stoll

Keyword(s):

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Steep Slope ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Light Conditions ◽

Berry Skin ◽

Protective Mechanisms ◽

Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽

Fruit Composition ◽

Steep Slopes ◽

The Impact

Row orientation, among others, is a crucial factor in determining grapevine performance and health status, thus affecting berry components that form the basis of the later wine profile. However, the literature about the impact of changes in row orientation at steep slope sites on grapevine fruit composition as well as the differentiation between canopy sides hardly exists. Thus, the aim of this work was to gain knowledge about the impact of row orientation in steep slope vineyards on selected primary and secondary metabolites in berries of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Riesling. Samples were taken from both canopy sides of different row orientations of terraced and downslope vineyards in steep slopes. Free amino acids in the juice and flavonols in the berry skin had a positive correlation to sunlight exposure. Furthermore, grapevines showed adaptations to constantly higher light conditions, e.g., physiologically in reduction in chlorophyll content or protective mechanisms resulting in a lower susceptibility to sunburn damage. Thus, grapevine fruit parameters are affected by row orientation change in steep slopes.

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Double maturation raisonnée: the impact of on-vine berry dehydration on the berry and wine composition of Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.)

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture ◽

10.1002/jsfa.8354 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 97 (14) ◽

pp. 4835-4846 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Denis Rusjan ◽

Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek

Keyword(s):

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Wine Composition ◽

The Impact

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Accumulation and Distribution Pattern of Macro- and Microelements and Trace Elements in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Chardonnay Berries

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.1021/jf2006003 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 59 (13) ◽

pp. 7224-7236 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Daniela Bertoldi ◽

Roberto Larcher ◽

Massimo Bertamini ◽

Stefan Otto ◽

Giuseppe Concheri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Distribution Pattern ◽

Vitis Vinifera L

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High Temperature and Elevated Carbon Dioxide Modify Berry Composition of Different Clones of Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Tempranillo

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2020.603687 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marta Arrizabalaga-Arriazu ◽

Eric Gomès ◽

Fermín Morales ◽

Juan José Irigoyen ◽

Inmaculada Pascual ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Ambient Temperature ◽

Amino Acid Content ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Sugar Accumulation ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Related Factors ◽

Wine Production ◽

The Impact

Tempranillo is a grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) variety extensively used for world wine production which is expected to be affected by environmental parameters modified by ongoing global climate changes, i.e., increases in average air temperature and rise of atmospheric CO2 levels. Apart from determining their effects on grape development and biochemical characteristics, this paper considers the intravarietal diversity of the cultivar Tempranillo as a tool to develop future adaptive strategies to face the impact of climate change on grapevine. Fruit-bearing cuttings of five clones (RJ43, CL306, T3, VN31, and 1084) were grown in temperature gradient greenhouses (TGGs), from fruit set to maturity, under two temperature regimes (ambient temperature vs. ambient temperature plus 4°C) and two CO2 levels (ambient, ca. 400 ppm, vs. elevated, 700 ppm). Treatments were applied separately or in combination. The analyses carried out included berry phenological development, the evolution in the concentration of must compounds (organic acids, sugars, and amino acids), and total skin anthocyanins. Elevated temperature hastened berry ripening, sugar accumulation, and malic acid breakdown, especially when combined with high CO2. Climate change conditions reduced the amino acid content 2 weeks after mid-veraison and seemed to delay amino acidic maturity. Elevated CO2 reduced the decoupling effect of temperature on the anthocyanin to sugar ratio. The impact of these factors, taken individually or combined, was dependent on the clone analyzed, thus indicating certain intravarietal variability in the response of Tempranillo to these climate change-related factors.

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Effects of fruiting on vegetative growth and development dynamics of grapevines (Vitis vinifera cv. Semillon) can be traced back to events at or before budbreak

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/fp09297 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 37 (8) ◽

pp. 756 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Dennis H. Greer ◽

Chris Weston

Keyword(s):

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Leaf Primordia ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Development Patterns ◽

Maximum Expansion ◽

Constant Rate ◽

The Impact

Leaf and shoot growth and development patterns in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Semillon were analysed dynamically. Potted fruiting and vegetative vines were grown in controlled conditions and budbreak, leaf and internode (metamers) appearance and expansion were measured. Buds were also dissected microscopically. Metamer appearance occurred in three zones; the first 5–6 metamers emerged as a cluster with fastest expansion and largest size. Marked differences in sizes and dynamics of growth occurred between fruiting and vegetative vines because flowers were absent. The next 13–14 preformed metamers appeared at a constant rate and metamer size declined along the shoot. Timing of maximum expansion and duration of growth of the metamers in this cohort was increasingly delayed in fruiting compared with vegetative vines. Beyond node 20, neoformed metamers emerged at a slow constant rate and were smallest overall. Throughout development, extension of the internode occurred before expansion of the subtending leaf, consistent with the liana habit of grapevines. Differences between fruiting and vegetative vines in metamer development were observed just after budbreak and these differences generally appreciated over time. The impact of reproduction on vegetative growth can, therefore, likely be attributed to competition for carbohydrate between floral and leaf primordia in the dormant or breaking bud, accounting for the smaller leaves and internodes.

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