A New Approach for Surface Ornamentation of Denim Fabric

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Md. Zahid Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Color Strength ◽  
Yellowness Index ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Aesthetic Properties ◽  
Denim Fabric ◽  
Surface Ornamentation ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Tearing Strength

Fading increases the aesthetic properties of garments produced from denim fabrics. Different fading processes (e.g., laser fading, hand sand brushing, and potassium permanganate (PP) spraying) are applied on denim fabric to modify fabric appearance. A new approach was developed using gamma irradiation prior to the fading process. A design was produced using a CO2 laser for 130 μs. The same design was produced by hand sand brushing and PP spraying. Physical, mechanical, color, and other aesthetic properties were tested, including fabric grams per square meter (GSM), fastness to rubbing and abrasion resistance, tensile and tearing strength, color change (ΔE) values, yellowness index (YI), and color strength (K/S).

The Use of Ultrasound in Bio-Treatment of Jute Yarn with Laccase Enzyme

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-286
Author(s):  
Ali A. Zolriasatein
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Light Fastness ◽  
Color Strength ◽  
Yellowness Index ◽  
Laccase Enzyme ◽  
Enzymatic Delignification ◽  
Jute Yarn

Background and Objective: Jute fiber is highly sensitive to the action of light. Significant features of the photochemical changes lose its tensile strength and develop a yellow color. It has been proved that the phenolic structure of lignin is responsible for the yellowing of jute fiber. In order to remove lignin, jute yarns were treated with laccase enzyme in different treatment times and ultrasonic powers. Lower whiteness index and higher yellowness index values were obtained by the laccase-ultrasound system in contrast to conventional laccase treatment. Methods: The laccase enzyme which entered the fibers by applying ultrasound, decreased the tensile strength while the loss in tensile strength was lower at high ultrasound intensities. FT-IR spectrum showed that the band at 1634 cm-1 assigned to lignin completely disappeared after laccase treatment in the presence of ultrasound. The absence of this peak in the laccase-ultrasound treated jute yarn suggests complete removal of lignin. Change in the morphology of fibers was observed by SEM before and after enzymatic delignification. The laccase-ultrasound treated yarns showed a rougher surface and more porosity. On the other hand, it was more effective in fibrillation of the jute fibers than the conventional method. Finally, bio-treated jute yarns were dyed with basic and reactive dyes. Results: The results indicated that at low intensities of ultrasound and relatively long reaction times, lignin can be more effectively removed and dye strength (K/S) increased to a higher extent. Laccase-ultrasound treatment increased the color strength by 33.65% and 23.40% for reactive and basic dyes respectively. Conclusion: In the case of light fastness, the conventional laccase treated yarns provided better protection than laccase-ultrasound treated yarns.

scholarly journals A new approach for the removal of unfixed dyes from reactive dyed cotton by Fenton oxidation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-141
Author(s):  
Sana Islam ◽  
Irfan Ahmed Shaikh ◽  
Nabeela Firdous ◽  
Azhar Ali ◽  
Yumna Sadef
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Fenton Oxidation ◽  
Color Strength ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Reactive Dyeing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Day By Day

Abstract The use of fresh water in the textile wash-off process is becoming more expensive day by day due to declining water levels in the region. In this study, the potential of using Fenton oxidation in wash-off cotton reactive dyeing was investigated. The spent wash-off wastewater from one dyeing was first treated with Fenton oxidation, and then reused in several washing-offs employing widely used reactive dyes, C.I. Reactive Yellow 145, C.I. Reactive Blue 21, and C.I. Reactive Red 195. Experimental results showed that at acidic pH (3) using optimized quantities of FeSO4 and H2O2, Fenton process yielded a significant reduction (90–95%) of color in 30 minutes of treatment time. New washing-offs were then carried out in Fenton decolorized wash-off wastewater, and dyed cotton fabric samples were subjected to quality evaluations in terms of color difference properties (ΔL*, Δc*,Δb*, Δa*, ΔE*cmc) and wash fastness properties. This study concluded that after Fenton oxidation, treated liquor can be effectively reused subsequent washing-offs without compromising fabric quality parameters as ΔE*cmc was less than 1, and washing and crocking was also in the range of 4.5–5 which is commercially acceptable. Moreover, the difference in color strength in terms of k/s was also negligible.

The Interactions of Function and Aesthetic Value in Artifacts

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Stecker
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Aesthetic Appreciation ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Primary Function ◽  
Aesthetic Properties ◽  
The Aesthetic

In this paper, I ask: what is the role of function in appreciating artifacts? I will argue that several distinguishable functions are relevant to the aesthetic appreciation of artifacts, and sometimes more than one of these must be taken into account to adequately appreciate these objects. Second, I will claim that, while we can identify something we might call functional aesthetic value or functional beauty, the aesthetic properties that contribute to this value neither need to enhance the object’s performance of its primary function nor manifest that function. There are broader criteria for what properties are relevant to functional beauty. Finally, I suggest that the aesthetic appreciation of artifacts may contribute to a larger appreciative project: the understanding and evaluation of a way of life, or social or cultural practices in which the artifact plays a role.

Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose Films with Curcumin

2013 ◽  
Vol 834-836 ◽  
pp. 555-558
Author(s):  
Jaranya Suksulap ◽  
Potjanart Suwanruji ◽  
Jantip Setthayanond
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Color Strength ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cellulose Films ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose Fiber

The cellulose film was prepared from regenerated cellulose fiber residue by dissolving the cellulose in sodium hydroxide solution at low temperature (-15 °C). The properties of the prepared film were investigated by tensile testing, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray Diffractometer (XRD) and also swelling ratio. Curcumin was added into the film with three different concentrations. The color strength of the curcumin-added film was evaluated and the color change of this film in different pH was also reported.

Dyeing silk and cotton fabrics using Fuji apple peel and the properties of the dyed fabrics

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110086
Author(s):  
Akemi Yasukawa ◽  
Momoko Fukuyama ◽  
Kunihisa Iwai
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Color Strength ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Silk Fibers ◽  
Apple Peel ◽  
Fuji Apple ◽  
Dyed Fabrics ◽  
Mordant Dyeing

A new source of natural dyes, which possessed antibacterial and UV protection properties, was proposed. Natural dyes were extracted from Fuji apple peel. The extract contained two anthocyanins and five quercetin glycosides. Silk and cotton fabrics were dyed using the extract with and without six types of mordants: Mg2+, Ca2+, Al3+, Ti4+, Fe3+, and Cu2+. The properties of the dyed fabrics were investigated by various means. The K/S values were used to show relative color strength of the dyed fabrics and the CIELAB color system was used to show the color hue of the dyed fabrics. The crystallinity of the silk was lower than that of the cotton. The silk was dyed deeper than the cotton regardless of the dyeing conditions, including dyeing temperature, dyeing period, and solution pH. This result comes from the existence of carboxyl and amino groups and low crystallinity of silk fibers. Fabrics with various colors, including pink, green, brown, and gray, were obtained by mordant dyeing. The dyed fabrics had splendid performance; that is, antibacterial and UV shielding properties. Color fastness to washing (color change) was comparably low but was enhanced with Ti4+ and Fe3+ mordants.

Polyacrylates in Flame Retardant Treatments of Textile Fabrics

1984 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
John V. Beninate ◽  
Brenda J. Trask ◽  
George L. Drake
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Cotton Wool ◽  
Glass Transition Temperatures ◽  
Textile Fabrics ◽  
Tearing Strength

Durable phosphorus-based flame retardants containing polyacrylate emul sions were applied to cotton, cotton-polyester, and cotton-wool twill fabrics to study the effect of the added polyacrylates on the physical properties and flame retardancy. The Thps-urea-TMM flame retardant with added polyacrylate im parted better overall physical properties to 100% cotton fabric than to cotton blend fabrics. Treatments containing polyacrylates with low glass transition temperatures produced fabrics with the highest abrasion resistance, tearing strength and wrinkle recovery. The flame retardancy of treated fabrics was not adversely affected by the addition of polyacrylates to the flame retardant treatments.

scholarly journals New Laccase-Mediated System Utilized for Bio-Discoloration of Indigo-Dyed Denim Fabrics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Sarafpour ◽  
Farzaneh Alihosseini ◽  
Maryam Bayat
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Surface Reflectance ◽  
Color Coordinates ◽  
Cellulase Enzyme ◽  
Sodium Hydrosulfite ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Denim Fabric ◽  
Laccase Enzyme

Abstract In this study, indigo-dyed denim fabric was decolorized by washing and printing with separate and simultaneous applications of laccase enzyme, sodium hydrosulfite, and cellulase enzyme. In this regard, the surface reflectance and color coordinates of the discolored fabrics were analyzed, and SEM photographs of the treated fabrics were prepared to analyze their surfaces. Finally, the effects of the discoloration process and materials on various parameters of the treated samples were investigated, including moisture content, creaserecovery angle, air permeability, and abrasion resistance. The color experiments showed that the discoloration mechanism with the combined use of laccase enzyme, sodium hydrosulfite, and cellulose enzyme had a significant effect on the improvement of the lightness (L*) of the samples, as the lightness of the treated samples was improved by 101.18 percent and 55.79 percent in both printing and washing, respectively. Furthermore, examination of specimen color coordinates revealed that the hue of the treated samples was changed to blue and green, and the purity of color (C*) was improved. The increased moisture content and air permeability of the treated specimens suggested that the comfort of the jeans clothing provided by these treatment methods had improved. As a result, it should be noted that the mediating action of sodium hydrosulfite was significantly influential for discoloration of denim with the laccase enzyme.

scholarly journals A New Kind of Aesthetics – The Mathematical Structure of the Aesthetic

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Kubota ◽  
Hirokazu Hori ◽  
Makoto Naruse ◽  
Fuminori Akiba
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Category Theory ◽  
Mathematical Structure ◽  
Derived Category ◽  
New Method ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Mathematical Structures ◽  
Dynamic Relations ◽  
The Aesthetic

This paper proposes a new approach to investigation into the aesthetics. Specifically, it argues that it is possible to explain the aesthetic and its underlying dynamic relations with axiomatic structure (the octahedral axiom derived category) based on contemporary mathematics – namely, category theory – and through this argument suggests the possibility for discussion about the mathematical structure of the aesthetic. If there was a way to describe the structure of aesthetics with the language of mathematical structures and mathematical axioms – a language completely devoid of arbitrariness – then we would make possible a synthetical argument about the essential human activity of “the aesthetics”, and we would also gain a new method and viewpoint on the philosophy and meaning of the act of creating a work of art and artistic activities. This paper presents one hypothesis as a first step in constructing the science of dynamic generative aesthetics based on axiomatic functionalism, which is in turn based on a new interdisciplinary investigation into the functional structure of aesthetics.

scholarly journals Against Aesthetic/Sensory Dependence

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (51) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Benovsky
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Aesthetic Properties ◽  
Aesthetic Realism ◽  
Response Dependence ◽  
The Aesthetic

In his book The Metaphysics of Beauty (2001) Nick Zangwill argues for the claim that aesthetic properties metaphysically necessarily depend on sensory properties. This claim plays a role in his argument against physicalist aesthetic realism as well as in the formulation of his own response- dependence view. In this article, I offer reasons to resist the aesthetic/ sensory dependence claim by a discussion of the case of theories, theorems, proofs, and similar theoretical objects, which do possess genuinely aesthetic properties, while these do not depend on any sensory properties. I argue against Zangwill’s claim that such attributions of aesthetic properties are merely metaphorical.

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