scholarly journals Pollen morphology of the native Rutaceae species from Argentina

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-292
Author(s):  
Silvina S. Garralla ◽  
Lilia R. Mautino
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Shape And Size

The pollen morphology of 13 native taxa of the Rutaceae from Argentina was studied under optical and scanning electron microscopy to provide new data that would allow delimiting these taxa. The species considered were Balfourodendron riedelianum, Esenbeckia densiflora, E. febrifuga, E grandiflora, Helietta apiculata, Pilocarpus pennatifolius, Zanthoxylum caribaeum, Z. coco, Z. fagara, Z. petiolare, Z. rhoifolium, Z. riedelianum and Zanthoxylum rigidum ssp. hasslerianum. The general morphological characteristics of the pollen grain of these species are: radiosymmetric, isopolar; small, medium or large size; 3-colporate or 4-colporate; colpus with costa colpi; semitectate (reticulate, striate reticulate or striate). Sculpture, shape and size are the main characters that allow differentiating the studied taxa. Morphological characters among the species are discussed and a species key is presented.

Taxonomic application of macro and micro morphological characters of seeds in Astragalus L. (Galegeae, Fabaceae) in India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 502 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-207
Author(s):  
SHIVANI KASHYAP ◽  
CHANDAN KUMAR SAHU ◽  
ROHIT KUMAR VERMA ◽  
LAL BABU CHAUDHARY
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Morphological Plasticity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Large Size ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Scanning Electron

Due to large size and enormous morphological plasticity, the taxonomy of the genus Astragalus is very complex and challenging. The identification and grouping of species chiefly based on macromorphological characters become sometimes difficult in the genus. In the present study, the micromorphology of the seeds of 30 species belonging to 14 sections of Astragalus from India has been examined applying scanning electron microscopy (SEM) along with light microscopy (LM) to evaluate their role in identification and classification. Attention was paid to colour, shape, size and surface of seeds. The overall size of the seeds ranges from 1.5–3.2 × 0.8–2.2 mm. The shape of the seeds is cordiform, deltoid, mitiform, orbicular, ovoid and reniform. The colour of seeds varies from brown to blackish-brown to black. Papillose, reticulate, ribbed, rugulate and stellate patterns were observed on the seed coat surface (spermoderm) among different species. The study reveals that the seed coat ornamentations have evolved differently among species and do not support the subgeneric and sectional divisions of the genus. However, they add an additional feature to the individual species, which may help in identification in combination with other macro-morphological features.

scholarly journals ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDIES OF SOME ANTICANCER PLANTS POLLEN GRAINS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1386-1393
Author(s):  
Jayshree Sandesh Thaware ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Datura Metel ◽  
Scanning Electron

Pollen is appropriately referred by some as Golden dust extremely valuable on account of their tremendous applications in science, industries and public health. No other plant part even though extremely tiny in size is packed with so much information and power. Similar to other plant parts, pollen characters are so varied that the classification system of plants can be built up entirely on the basis of pollen morphology.Palynology is the distinct branch of biology that deals with the dispersed microscopic tiny living and fossil entities including pollen grains, spores, algal and fungal fragments and others. An important aspect of Palynology is the Pollen morphology. The importance of Palynology in taxonomic and phylogenetic consideration of plants is well known. The changes occurring through hybridization and years of cultivation are reflected in pollen morphology. The scope and interest in the study of pollen morphology have widened with the advent of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and with regards to unipalynous taxa particularly the understanding of finer morphology is of fundamental importance. SEM gives a correct understanding of exine surface as the electron photographs of the surface replica of the exine provides the exact picture of the ornamentation pattern. The variation in the pollen morphological characters helps in the classification of plant taxa and their assessment of their phylogenetic relationship. In the present investigation, the pollen morphological studies were carried out of some ethnomedicinal plants like Catharanthus roseus, Allamanda cathartica, Datura metel, Brassica juncea, Raphanus sativus and Cleome viscosa pollen grains by Scanning electron microscopy. All that they possess anticancer characteristics in common.

scholarly journals Pollen morphology of Prototulbaghia Vosa: A comparative palynological study of the Southern African Alliaceae.

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Andriessen ◽  
Madeleen Struwig ◽  
Stefan J. Siebert
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Evolutionary Significance ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Taxonomic Characteristic ◽  
Unknown Event ◽  
Palynological Study ◽  
Scanning Electron

The  Southern  African  Alliaceae  Borkh.  is  represented  by  four genera (Allium L., Nothoscordum Kunth, Tulbaghia L. and Prototulbaghia Vosa) and 28 species. The  pollen  morphology  of  the  endangered  monotypic  genus Prototulbaghia has  not  been described  before.  A  comparative  study  of  the  pollen  morphology  of Prototulbaghia  siebertii Vosa, Nothoscordum  borbonicum Kunth, Tulbaghia  simmleri P.Beauv.  and T.  violaceae Harv.  is presented in this article. Scanning electron microscopy, as well as light microscopy, were used to examine the pollen. The pollen morphology of the species can be described as perprolate and monosulcate, and the surface sculpture as reticulate and heterobrochate. However, the pollen of Prototulbaghia siebertii displays a unique characteristic as the grains are folded in their breadth with the tips touching, hence causing the grain to display a triangular and disulcate appearance. It might be possible to ascribe this fold to the process of harmomegathy or a still unknown event that occurs during the development of the pollen grain. This phenomenon should be further investigated to determine the cause of folding and whether it is a unique taxonomic  characteristic  of  this  genus,  and  if  it  could  be  of  evolutionary  significance  for the Alliaceae.

scholarly journals Pollen morphology of Rubiaceae Juss. species occurring in an area of caatinga (dryland) vegetation in Bahia State, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 444-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiano Eduardo Amaral Silveira Júnior ◽  
Marileide Dias Saba ◽  
Jomar Gomes Jardim
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Palynological Data ◽  
Palicourea Rigida ◽  
Scanning Electron

The palynology of the following 16 species of Rubiaceae, from Brejinho das Amestistas, was investigated: Coccocypselum hirsutum Bartl. ex DC., Cordiera rigida Kuntze, Coutarea hexandra K.Schum., Declieuxia fruticosa Kuntze, Diodella apiculata (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Delprete, D. radula (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Delprete, D. teres Small., Emmeorhiza umbellata K.Schum., Leptoscela ruellioides Hook. f., Mitracarpus baturitensis Sucre., Mitracarpus villosus Cham. & Schltdl., Palicourea rigida Kunth, Psyllocarpus asparagoides Mart., Richardia grandiflora Steud., Staelia aurea K. Schum., and Staelia galioides DC. The pollen grains were acetolysed to and their morphological characters were analyzed using light and scanning electron microscopy. They varied in size from small to large; were suboblate to subprolate; inaperturate (P. rigida), colpate and colporate in the remaining species, with an aperture number that varied from three to several. The exines were microreticulate in most species, reticulate (C. hirsutum, C. rigida and P. rigida), bireticulate (D. fruticosa), microechinate-perforated (C. hexandra), echinate-granulate (R. grandiflora), echinate-granulate-perforate (D. apiculata and D. teres), and psilate (P. asparagoides). Based on the results, palynological data can be used to distinguish these species.

Pollen Presenter and Pollen Morphology of Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 439 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Sedgley ◽  
M Sierp ◽  
MA Wallwork ◽  
AM Fuss ◽  
K Thiele
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Cylindrical Structures ◽  
Scanning Electron

The morphology of the pollen presenter and pollen was studied in 79 taxa of Banksia using scanning electron microscopy. There were three major types of pollen presenter. Elongated and cylindrical structures were characteristic of the series Banksia, Crocinae, Tetragonae, Coccineae and some species of the Cyrtostylis and Abietinae. Short and cylindrical pollen presenters were found in the series Salicinae, Quercinae, Prostratae and some species of the Cyrtostylis. Short and ovoid pollen presenters were found in the series Grandes and Dryandroideae, and in the species B. brownii and B. ericifolia of the Spicigerae and B. pulchella of the Abietinae. The pollen-receptive stigma cells of all taxa were enclosed within a groove, which in the majority of species was obliquely terminal and longitudinal. Subterminal grooves, all of which were longitudinal, except that of B. speciosa which was located laterally, were observed in a few species. Pollen of all taxa had two germination pores, at opposite ends of a cylindrical, ovoid or crescent-shaped grain. There was a higher level of between species and between group consistency in pollen grain than in pollen presenter structure. The results have implications for both the interspecific fertility relationships and taxonomy of the genus.

Systematic relevance of the pollen morphology for the Rondeletia complex (Cinchonoideae, Rubiaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 194 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-307
Author(s):  
Alejandro Torres-Montúfar ◽  
Elia Ramírez-Arriaga ◽  
Enrique Martínez-Hernández ◽  
Helga Ochoterena
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Palynological Data ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Seventeen morphologically related genera have been considered as the Rondeletia complex, traditionally in Rondeletieae. Molecular studies agree that this is a polyphyletic group and some genera have been transferred to Guettardeae. Nevertheless, no solid morphological characters support this hypothesis. Our aim is to explore pollen morphology to see if this source of characters has systematic value. Our study uses light and scanning electron microscopy for 30 species of both tribes representing 14 genera. The most important characters are polar outline, endoaperture type and nexine discontinuities. Our results do not permit diagnosis of tribes, but they show that the genera formerly included in the Rondeletia complex, but now placed in Guettardeae, have nexine discontinuities in polar areas: endofissures (Rogiera) or endocracks (Arachnothryx complex: Arachnothryx-Gonzalagunia-Javorkaea-Renistipula). Palynological data also confirm a close relationship of Rondeletia with Stevensia, corroborating their synonymy, and of Arachnothryx with Gonzalagunia-Javorkaea-Renistipula, providing evidence of their close relationship. We conclude that pollen is a useful source of characters for supporting main lineages, but further research is still necessary for other genera, including Blepharidium, Machaonia, Mazaea and additional Rondeletia spp.

scholarly journals Morphology of pollen in Ferula genus (Apiaceae)

PhytoKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 111-128
Author(s):  
Birol Başer ◽  
Mehmet Sagıroglu ◽  
Gulden Dogan ◽  
Hayri Duman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Polar Axis ◽  
Average Linkage ◽  
Pollen Shape ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, the pollen morphology of all Ferula species distributed throughout the country of Turkey was studied with light and scanning electron microscopy for the first time. The aim is to identify the pollen morphological characteristics of 23 Ferula species. The pollen is radially symmetrical, isopolar and tricolporate in all examined species. Pollen grains are prolate and perprolate with the polar axis ranging from 22.28 to 40.47 µm and the equatorial axis from 13.70 to 18.73 µm. Their polar shapes are triangular, triangular to subtriangular and circular to subcircular. Several types of exine ornamentations have been observed on pollen through the use of scanning electron microscopy. The dendrogram constructed by using Average Linkage of the examined data revealed two main groups. It was determined that some pollen characteristics are more useful for classification than others. In particular, P, E, the ratio of P/E (pollen shape) and ornamentation in the polar and equatorial views are the most valuable variables for discrimination the Ferula species.

scholarly journals Pollen Morphology of Pinus mugo Turra × Pinus sylvestris L. Hybrids and Parental Species in an Experimental Culture

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Bykowska ◽  
Małgorzata Klimko
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Grain Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Pollen Grain Morphology ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Pollen grains of Pinus mugo, P. sylvestris and P. ×rhaetica (= P. mugo × P. sylvestris) were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. The pollen grains were bisaccate and monosulcate. The corpus-saccus attachment was distinct. The pollen corpus exine sculpture was verrucate-rugulate and deeply sculptured. The surface of the tectum was covered with small grana and it was perforate. The saccus sexine ornamentation was reticulate and irregularly perforate. The tectum surface characters in the proximal and distal view of the corpus and saccus were less variable and they did not provide good criteria to identify the species under study. However, some differences were observed in the size of elevation on the corpus between pollen grains of the same species and between the parental species. This study of the pollen grain morphology of the corpus and saccus provided some important new data.

A new species of Rubus L. (Rosaceae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 289 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
SUDHANSU SEKHAR DASH ◽  
CHANDANI GUPTA ◽  
LAKHI RAM BHUYAN
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Eastern Himalaya ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

A new species, Rubus haridasanii, from Arunachal Pradesh, Eastern Himalaya, is described and illustrated. It is closely related to Rubus preptanthus but differs by the presence of caudate-acuminate leaves, 5–6-flowered inflorescences, stipitate glandular pedicels and calyx, delicate needle-like prickles on the calyx, caudate apex of the sepals. The distinct foliar as well as floral morphology of R. haridasanii differ from all previously described species of Rubus. Differences in key morphological characters of R. haridasanii and R. preptanthus are also tabulated. In addition, pollen morphology is described based on light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Pollen Morphology of the Genus Tragopogon (Asteraceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
H. Azizi ◽  
M. Sheidai ◽  
V. Mozaffarian ◽  
Z. Noormohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Polar View ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Prolate Spheroidal ◽  
Old World ◽  
Oblate Spheroidal ◽  
Scanning Electron

Tragopogon L. (Cichorioideae, Lactuceae, Scorzonerinae) is an Old World genus with 150 species. Pollen morphology has proved useful in the systematics of some genera and species of Asteraceae as well as in that of some of its genera and species. The pollen morphology of 24 taxa of the genus Tragopogon was investigated in detail by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The pollen grain type ranged from suboblate, oblate-spheroidal to prolate-spheroidal in equatorial view and hexagonal, obtuse-hexagonal to hexagonal-angular in polar view. In this study separation of the species of the sections Majores, Profundisulcati, Sosnovsky, Chromopappus, Rubriflori according to Flora Iranica is presented from the other species of Tragopogon. T. jezdianus, T. porphyrocephalus, T. rezaiyensis are suggested to belong to Rubriflori section. The results indicate that the palynological characters of the genus Tragopogon are valuable for taxonomic applications and are useful for classification.

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