scholarly journals El cariotipo de Paspalum cromyorrhizon diploide y tetraploide (Poaceae, Panicoideae, Paspaleae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-386
Author(s):  
A. Verena Reutemann ◽  
Eric J. Martínez ◽  
Julio R. Daviña ◽  
Diego H. Hojsgaard ◽  
Ana I. Honfi
Keyword(s):  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Chromosome Count ◽  
Feulgen Staining ◽  
Chromosomal Complement ◽  
Total Length

Paspalum cromyorrhizon Trin. ex Döll is a species adapted to low and humid fields, river and stream banks, throughout S Brazil, Uruguay and NE Argentine. Diploids (2n = 2x = 20) and tetraploids (2n = 4x = 40) from natural populations of P. cromyorrhizon from Corrientes (Argentina) were used to analyse the karyotype morphometry of both cytotypes. The chromosome count was performed using classical Feulgen staining. The karyotype of diploid P. cromyorrhizon has 20 metacentric chromosomes, while the tetraploid has a karyotype of 40 metacentric chromosomes. The total length of the chromosomal complement in diploids is 32.5 μm and in tetraploids 63.5 μm, the total monoploid chromosome length is 15.48 μm in diploids and 15.21 μm in tetraploids and both karyotypes are symmetrical. Karyotype analysis confirms the autopolyploid origin proposed for tetraploids.

scholarly journals Karyotype analysis and chromosome number for two Cirsium taxa (Asteraceae) in Iran

Turczaninowia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Zohreh Babaee ◽  
Maryam Norouzi ◽  
Samaneh Mosaferi ◽  
Maryam Keshavarzi
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Mitotic Chromosome ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome Type ◽  
Population Total ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Class B ◽  
Karyotype Analyses

Cirsium Mill. contains more than 250 species in the world mainly distributed in the Northern hemisphere. Different chromosome numbers with different ploidy levels were reported in this genus. In this study, karyotype details and chromosome numbers were established for two Cirsium taxa in Iran. C. ciliatum subsp. szovitsii and C. echinus had the mitotic chromosome numbers of 2n = 2x = 34. Karyotype analyses showed that chromosomes were generally metacentric and sub-metacentric. In C. echinus, Lowshan population had the longest chromosome (19.10 µm) and Heyran Canyon population (4.73 µm) the shortest one while in C. ciliatum, the longest chromosome was observed in Urmia to Salmas population (14.67 µm) and the shortest one (4.71 µm) in Doshanlu population. Total haploid chromosome length ranged from 275.29 to 376.42 µm in populations studied. Both taxa were grouped in 2B class. B-chromosomes were recorded for two taxa studied too. Chromosome type, mitotic chromosome numbers and occurrence of B-chromosomes were in agreement with previous results (Albers, Pröbsting, 1998; Lövkvist, Hultgård, 1999; Yüksel et al., 2013; Yildiz et al., 2016).

scholarly journals Karyotype analysis with orcein and CMA in two species of Alocasia (Schott) G. Don (Araceae)

1970 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syeda Sharmeen Sultana ◽  
Hosne Ara ◽  
Sheikh Shamimul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Complement ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
First Report ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Internet Information ◽  
Chromosomal Length

Alocasia fallax Schott and A. odora (Roxb.) Koch (Araceae) were investigated cytogenetically to confirm their taxonomic status. There is no report of 2n chromosome number for A. fallax in the available literature and internet information. Therefore the 2n chromosome number (2n = 28) found in this study is probably the first report for A. fallax. Alocasia odora showed exactly double 2n chromosome number (2n = 56) from A. fallax. In addition to chromosome number, the other karyotypic features of A. odora were exactly double for that of A. fallax. The centromeric formulae of A. fallax was 24 m + 4 sm whereas it is just double in A. odora. Total length of 2n chromosome complement of A. odora (62.58 μm) was almost double to A. fallax. The range of chromosomal length of the two species was almost same. Moreover, A. odora plant is much taller than A. fallax. All of these data suggests that A. odora might be an autotetraploid of A. fallax which in course of evolution had undergone some changes in GC-rich repeats. Key words: Alocasia; CMA; Karyotype analysis DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v40i1.7998 Bangladesh J. Bot. 40(1): 53-56, 2011 (June)

scholarly journals Karyotype analysis with orcein and CMA from leaf base cells of Rauvolfia serpentina Benth. et Kurz

1970 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syeda Sharmeen Sultana ◽  
ANM Rubaiyath Bin Rahman ◽  
Sheikh Shamimul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Entire Length ◽  
Leaf Base ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Rich Region ◽  
Rauvolfia Serpentina ◽  
Fluorescent Banding ◽  
Orcein Staining

Many prominent darkly stained heterochromatic blocks were found in the interphase nuclei of Rauvolfia serpentina following orcein staining. The prophase chromosomes of this species became stained homogeneously throughout the entire length. This species was found to possess 2n = 20 metacentric chromosomes revealing symmetric karyotype but if the chromosome length (6.67 - 3.17 μm) is considered, it indicates asymmetric karyotype. Total GC-rich region was 15.62% of the total chromatin length. Eight CMA-positive bands on different locus revealed the accumulation of GC-rich repeats. The two entirely CMA-banded chromosomes were so unique that could be used as marker for this species. Key words: Karyotype; Rauvolfia serpentina; Fluorescent banding DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v38i1.5133 Bangladesh J. Bot. 38(1): 55-63, 2009 (June)

scholarly journals Comparative cytogenetics in Cyclopogon (Orchidaceae)

Biologia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Grabiele ◽  
Juan Cerutti ◽  
Diego Hojsgaard ◽  
Rubén Almada ◽  
Julio Daviña ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Comparative Cytogenetics ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Chromosome Fusions ◽  
Karyotype Morphology

AbstractA cytotaxonomical description of Cyclopogon (Spiranthinae, Orchidaceae) is carried out through a deep karyotype analysis of four species from NE Argentina. Distinctive karyotype parameters concerning the chromosomes number, morphology, size and symmetry and the genome size associate to each taxon. Cyclopogon calophyllus (2n = 2x =28; 18m + 10sm), C. congestus (2n = 2x = 32; 26m + 6sm), C. elatus (2n = 2x = 28; 18m + 10sm) and C. oliganthus (2n = 4x = 64; 40m + 24sm) possess symmetrical karyotypes (i-mean = 40.01–42.84; A 1 = 0.24–032; r>2 = 0.06–0.29) and excluding C. congestus (A 2 = 0.26; R = 2.62) unimodality is the rule (A 2 = 0.12–0.20; R = 1.73–1.92). Diploid taxa show a terminal macrosatellite in the m pair no. 2 (large arm) and share a comparable mean chromosome length (ca. 2.75 μm) and genome size (ca. 40 μm), superior to the tetraploid C. oliganthus (ca. 2 and 32 μm, respectively). The novel data added to preceding cytological, morphological and molecular approaches involving Cyclopogon and those related taxa of Spiranthinae largely based on x = 23 support the hypothesis that the unusual 2n and the karyotype morphology of Cyclopogon is an evolutionary advance within Spiranthinae with a basic reduction to x = 14 or 16 by chromosome fusions. A polyploid-dysploid series added to dibasic hybridization explain the extant 2n diversity though a paleopolyploid series on x = 7–8 is also possible.

scholarly journals Quantitative karyotype analysis of Agave americana L. and A striata Zucc

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-235
Author(s):  
Serajum Munira ◽  
Md Mosleh Ud-Deen ◽  
Golam Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Individual Chromosome ◽  
Total Frequency ◽  
Agave Americana ◽  
Standard Karyotype

Karyotype analysis of Agave americana L. and A. striata Zucc revealed that both the species had 2n = 60 with differences in individual chromosome length, total chromatin length (TCL) and total frequency % (TF%) between the complements of their chromosomes. The identified chromosome pairs were Im, IISm, IIISm, IVSm, Vm, VISm, VIIISt, IXSm, XIISm, XVIISm, XVIIISm, XIXm, XXIm, XXIIm, XXIIIm, XXIVSt, XXVm, XXVISm, XXVIISm, XXIXSm and XXXm in A. americana and IIm, IIISt, IVSm, VIsm, VIISt, VIIISm, IXSm, XIIm, XIIISt, XIVSm, XVSm, XVISm, XVIISm, XIVSm, XXm, XXISm, XXIIISm, XXVm, XXVIISm and XXVIIIm in A. striata. The proposed standard karyotype were 1L1m + 9M8Sm+1St + 16S18m+7Sm+1St + 4S22Sm+1St for A. americana and 2L1m+1Sm + 9M7Sm+2St + 15S1 3m+11Sm+1St + 4S2 2m+2Sm for A. striata. Key words: Karyotype analysis; Agave americana; A. striata DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v39i2.7485 Bangladesh J. Bot. 39(2): 229-235, 2010 (December)

scholarly journals Karyotype characterization of the endemic piscine leech from Lake Baikal with vindication of Baicalobdella cottidarum Dogiel, 1957 (Piscicolidae, Hirudinea)

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1405-1410
Author(s):  
Irina Kaygorodova ◽  
Antonina Natyaganova
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Meiotic Chromosomes ◽  
Cottoid Fishes ◽  
Blotting Technique ◽  
First Time

In this paper, we present for the first time data on karyotype analysis of leeches of the genus Baicalobdella (Piscicolidae) parasitizing Lake Baikal endemic cottoid fishes. Both mitotic and meiotic chromosomes are described. Leech testisacs were processed by a ?shaking-blotting? technique, and chromosomal preparations were stained with water-based fuchsine. Diploid and haploid chromosome sets demonstrated 2n=34 and n=17, respectively, with maximal chromosome length of 1.5-3.0 ?m. Comparative karyotype analysis of two ecological forms of Baicalobdella leeches revealed differences in chromosome numbers and its morphology. Previously studied Baicalobdella torquata (Grube, 1871) parasitizing Baikal amphipods had smaller diploid and haploid sets (2n=32, n=16). In addition to numerical superiority, differing patterns of chromosome size gradation and presence of satellite elements were found in the karyotype of piscine Baicalobdella leeches. This confirms the systematic position of the Baikal cottoid leech parasite as a separate species, validating the original name Baicalobdella cottidarum sensu Dogiel, 1957.

scholarly journals KARYOMORPHOLOGICAL AND STOMATAL STUDIES OFALLIUM HOOKERITHWAITES

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (04) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
Sagufta Ismat ◽  
◽  
Kamini Kumar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Minimum Length ◽  
Middle Portion ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Minimum Width ◽  
Adaxial Surface ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Karyotypic Study ◽  
Basal Portion

AlliumhookeriThwaites belongs toAmaryllidaceae family is one of the most important medicinal plants, enormously used in cancer or inflammation because it contains large amounts of sulfonylmethane.It is also used to treat coughs, colds, fatigue and to recover immunity. Karyotypic study showed that somatic chromosome number is 2n = 22. Only nearly sub median and nearly median chromosomes are found in the complement. Karyotype formula = 1 nsm(-)+ 10 nm=2n=22. The total length of long arms is 60.36 µm, ranging from 3.16µm to 8.23µm. Total length of short arms is 31.57µm, ranging from 1.75µm to 4.11µm. The total length of the chromosome is 92.17µm, ranging from 4.78µm to 12.35µm. Relative chromosome length ranges from38.70µm to 100 µm. Arm ratio ranges from1.70 to2.38.Tf %= 41.63.Centromeric index ranges from 0.40 to 0.28 and The total chromatin index is 100, ranging from 5.18 to 13.40. Anomocytic type of stomata is observedStomatal index and stomatal size were calculated. The maximum length (53.6±2.06µm) was observed in basal portion of the adaxial surface and the minimum length (45.2 ± 1.40µm) was observed in the middle portion of abaxial surface. The maximum width size (24.8±1.11µm) was observed in the basal portion of the adaxial surface and the minimum width was (18.8 ± 1.14µm) at the middle portion of the abaxial surface. Stomatal index 12.63±0.5) maximum and minimum (6.13±0.40) was observed.

Triplo-X hermaphrodite of Caenorhabditis elegans: pachytene karyotype analysis, synaptonemal complexes, and pairing mechanisms

1984 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Karyotype Analysis ◽  
Real Difference ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Synaptonemal Complexes ◽  
Chromosomal Complement ◽  
Male Line ◽  
Pachytene Karyotype

Pairing of the three X chromosomes in the triplo-X strain of Caenorhabditis elegans occurs at pachytene in a two-by-two fashion such that one bivalent and one univalent are formed. The XX bivalent pairs synchronously with the autosomes and the univalent X remains in a similar chromatic state as the rest of the chromosomal complement. Normal tripartite synaptonemal complexes (SC) are formed between all bivalents. The univalent X lacks a SC and an axial core is not observed. The condensation of the univalent X in the triplo-X is different than in the male where the univalent X is heterochromatic. This real difference in condensation states of the chromatin may explain the fact that the univalent X is maintained in the male line yet it is easily lost in the triplo-X strain.

scholarly journals Karyotype comparison in two varieties of Vigna mungo L. after staining with orcein and CMA

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Shamimul Alam ◽  
Meher Nigar Mahbub
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Interphase Nucleus ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Entire Length ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Total Length

Two varieties of Vigna mungo viz. Barimash-1 and Barimash-3 were cytologically studied after staining with orcein and CMA. Both the varieties were found to possess 2n =22 metacentric chromosomes. Total length of diploid complements and range of chromosome length were more or less same in the two varieties. The orcein stained interphase nucleus of Barimash-1 had three big heterochromatic blocks, whereas Barimash-3 possessed several small heterochromatins. The orcein stained prophase chromosomes of Barimash-1 was darkly stained throughout the entire length. The gradual staining of prophase chromosomes were found in Barimash-3. The CMA stained interphase nuclei and prophase chromosomes of these two varieties were different. Sixteen entirely CMA banded chromosomes were found in Barimash-1. The percentage of GC-rich areas was 56.20. In Barimash-3, 11 entirely, 4 terminal and 4 centromeric fluoresced banded chromosomes were found. The percentage of GC-rich areas was 63.40. Although the two varieties showed similar conventional karyotypes, mark differences exist in their fluorescent karyotypes and the properties of interphase nuclei and prophase chromosomes. Therefore, these two varieties could be characterized with the help of modern cytological techniques.   Key words: Karyotype, Vigna mungo, Blackgram, CMA DOI = 10.3329/bjb.v36i2.1507 Bangladesh J. Bot. 36(2): 167-170, 2007 (December)

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