scholarly journals Molecular Characters of AB-FAR Gene 1 of Aphelenchoides besseyi from Five Rice Varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
Fitrianingrum Kurniawati ◽  
Efi Toding Tondok ◽  
Yayi Munara Kusumah ◽  
Abdul Munif
Keyword(s):  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Aphelenchoides Besseyi ◽  
Molecular Characters

Aphelenchoides besseyi merupakan nematoda penyebab penyakit pucuk putih yang terbawa benih padi. Gen AB FAR-1 diketahui sebagai gen penting yang mengendalikan patogenisitas A. besseyi.  Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakter gen AB FAR-1 yang diisolasi dari nematoda yang berasal dari benih padi.  Ekstraksi nematoda dilakukan dengan metode corong Baerman dari benih 5 varietas padi “Ciherang“, “Inpari Sidenuk“, “Sintanur“, “Hibrida Prima“ dan “Pak Tiwi“.  Ekstraksi DNA total nematoda menggunakan metode CTAB dilanjutkan dengan amplifikasi gen AB FAR-1 menggunakan primer spesifik FAR-F1/R1 dan analisis  urutan nukleotidanya.  Pita DNA spesifik gen AB FAR-1 berukuran 150 pb berhasil diamplifikasi dari semua sampel nematoda.  Analisis sekuen menunjukkan bahwa gen AB FAR-1 tersebut memiliki homologi tertinggi (92.5 – 100%) dengan aksesi Genbank JQ686690.1, yaitu gen AB FAR-1 A. besseyi asal Cina.  Walaupun memiliki homologi yang tinggi, terdapat beberapa perbedaan nukleotida pada sampel gen AB FAR-1 A. besseyi asal “Ciherang“, “Inpari Sidenuk“ dan “Hibrida Prima“.  Analisis pohon filogenetika lebih lanjut mengelompokkan gen AB FAR-1 A. besseyi menjadi 2 grup, yaitu grup 1 terdiri atas gen AB FAR-1 A. besseyi asal Cina, “Sintanur“, “Hibrida Prima“ dan “Pak Tiwi“ dan grup 2 gen AB FAR-1 A. besseyi asal “Ciherang“, dan “Inpari Sidenuk“.

scholarly journals Integrated Management of Seed borne Nematode (Aphelenchoides besseyi) in T. Aman Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Serajul Islam ◽  
Md Habibur Rahman ◽  
Md Mohashin Farazi ◽  
A T M S Hossain ◽  
Ayesha Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Management ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Brine Solution ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Aphelenchoides Besseyi ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Two experiments were conducted in the Nematology Laboratory of the Seed Pathology Centre and experimental field of the Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during 2004 to examine the influence of physical and chemical treatments on the seed borne nematode disease of rice. The integrated control with physical and chemical treatments against seed borne nematode (<i>Aphelenchoides besseyi</i>) causing white tip disease of rice varieties BR11 and Nizersial (T. Aman) rice revealed that farmer’s saved seeds of both the varieties treated simultaneously with brine solution, hot water and Furadan 3G resulted in enhanced plant height, root length, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, total number of spikelet’s per panicle,  grain yield and lower association of seed borne nematode. Better responses were found with farmer’s saved seeds treated with brine solution and hot water than field application of Furadan  3G, hot water treatment and treatment with brine solution having higher plant growth characters and yield of grains correspondingly with lower number of sterile and discolored spikelet’s and seed borne nematode compared to the control.The Agriculturists 2015; 13(1) 79-86

A new species of Contomastix (Squamata, Teiidae) supported by total evidence, with remarks on diagnostic characters defining the genus

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Mario. R. Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Total Evidence ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Proximal Margin ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Molecular Characters

Formerly Cnemidophorus was thought to be the most speciose genus of Teiidae. This genus comprised four morphological groups that were later defined as four different genera, Ameivula, Aurivela, Cnemidophorus and Contomastix. The last appears as paraphyletic in a recent phylogenetic reconstruction based on morphology, but monophyletic in a reconstruction using molecular characters. Six species are allocated to Contomastix. One of them, C. lacertoides, having an extensive and disjunct geographic distribution in Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil. Preliminary analyses revealed morphological differences among its populations, suggesting that it is actually a complex of species. Here, we describe a new species corresponding to the Argentinian populations hitherto regarded as C. lacertoides, by integrating morphological and molecular evidence. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the presence of notched proximal margin of the tongue is a character that defines the genus Contomastix.

Glycaemic responses to glucose and rice in people of Chinese and European ethnicity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kataoka ◽  
BJ Venn ◽  
SM Williams ◽  
Lisa Te Morenga ◽  
IM Heemels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Glycaemic Index ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Glycaemic Response ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Postprandial Glycaemia ◽  
Adjusted Risk Ratio ◽  
Glucose Curve

Aims: Diabetes rates are especially high in China. Risk of Type 2 diabetes increases with high intakes of white rice, a staple food of Chinese people. Ethnic differences in postprandial glycaemia have been reported. We compared glycaemic responses to glucose and five rice varieties in people of European and Chinese ethnicity and examined possible determinants of ethnic differences in postprandial glycaemia. Methods: Self-identified Chinese (n = 32) and European (n = 31) healthy volunteers attended on eight occasions for studies following ingestion of glucose and jasmine, basmati, brown, Doongara® and parboiled rice. In addition to measuring glycaemic response, we investigated physical activity levels, extent of chewing of rice and salivary α-amylase activity to determine whether these measures explained any differences in postprandial glycaemia. Results: Glycaemic response, measured by incremental area under the glucose curve, was over 60% greater for the five rice varieties (P < 0.001) and 39% greater for glucose (P < 0.004) amongst Chinese compared with Europeans. The calculated glycaemic index was approximately 20% greater for rice varieties other than basmati (P = 0.01 to 0.05). Ethnicity [adjusted risk ratio 1.4 (1.2-1.8) P < 0.001] and rice variety were the only important determinants of incremental area under the glucose curve. Conclusions: Glycaemic responses following ingestion of glucose and several rice varieties are appreciably greater in Chinese compared with Europeans, suggesting the need to review recommendations regarding dietary carbohydrate amongst rice-eating populations at high risk of diabetes. © 2012 Diabetes UK.

Cnidochloa: A New Genus of Grasses from Brazil (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Fernando O. Zuloaga ◽  
Sandra S. Aliscioni ◽  
M. Amalia Scataglini
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Molecular Characters

Generic boundaries of the South American species Panicum longipedicellatum Swallen are explored and compared with allied genera of the tribe Paniceae. On the basis of morphological, anatomical, and molecular characters a new genus, Cnidochloa Zuloaga, is proposed. The phylogenetic position of the new genus within the Paniceae is evaluated.

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