scholarly journals Bioelectricity Production and Comparative Evaluation of Electrode Materials in Microbial Fuel Cells Using Indigenous Anode-Reducing Bacterial Community from Wastewater of Rice-Based Industries

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Shailesh Kumar Jadhav ◽  
Reena Meshram
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Electrochemical Systems

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are the electrochemical systems that harness the electricity production capacity of certain microbes from the reduction of biodegradable compounds. The present study aimed to develop mediator-less MFC without using expensive proton exchange membrane. In the present study, a triplicate of dual-chamber, mediator-less MFCs was operated with two local rice based industrial wastewater to explore the potential of this wastewater as a fuel option in these electrochemical systems. 30 combinations of 6 electrodes viz. Carbon (14 cm × 1.5 cm), Zn (14.9 cm × 4.9 cm), Cu (14.9 cm × 4.9 cm), Sn (14.1cm × 4.5cm), Fe (14cm × 4cm) and Al (14cm × 4.5 cm) were evaluated for each of the wastewater samples. Zn-C as anode-cathode combination produced a maximum voltage that was 1.084±0.016V and 1.086±0.028 and current of 1.777±0.115mA and 1.503±0.120 for KRM and SSR, respectively. In the present study, thick biofilm has been observed growing in MFC anode. Total 14 bacterial isolates growing in anode were obtained from two of the wastewater. The dual chambered, membrane-less and mediator-less MFCs were employed successfully to improve the economic feasibility of these electrochemical systems to generate bioelectricity and wastewater treatment simultaneously.Keywords: Membrane-less, Microbial Fuel Cells, Biofilm, Wastewater, Electrogenic.Article History: Received June 25th 2016; Received in revised form Dec 15th 2016; Accepted January 5th 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Reena, M. and Jadhav, S. K. (2017) Bioelectricity production and Comparative Evaluation of Electrode Materials in Microbial Fuel Cells using Indigenous Anode-reducing Bacterial Community from Wastewater of Rice-based Industries. International Journal of Renewable Energy Develeopment, 6(1), 83-92.http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.1.83-92  

Electricity Production in Microbial Fuel Cells Using Brush Bio-Anode and Bio-Cathode Made of PAN-Based Carbon Fibers

2012 ◽  
Vol 217-219 ◽  
pp. 956-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
En Ren Zhang ◽  
Qiang Ji ◽  
Lei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
Bacterial Cultures

Microbial fuel cells with brush bio-anode and bio-cathode made of PAN-based carbon fibers were constructed, and the electricity production was investigated. Experimental results indicate that both the anode and the cathode could be catalyzed by mixed bacterial cultures. Oxygen-reduction at the cathode could be carried out effectively with the assistance of catalytic action by bacteria, enhancing the electrochemical properties of the cathode. Stable electricity production could be obtained with maximum power 5.6 mW (corresponding power density ~2.1 W/m3 MFC volume) when operating MFC in continuous flow mode. PAN-based carbon fibers were shown to be suitable electrode materials for MFCs, especially in systems for the future applications.

scholarly journals Facing Indonesia’s Future Energy with Bacterio-Algal Fuel Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-82
Author(s):  
Intan Subadri ◽  
Adhi Satriyatama ◽  
Ignatius D. M. Budi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Organic Substrate ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Operational Parameter

The energy crisis has become a global issue that has plagued almost all parts of the world. MFCs (Microbial Fuel Cells) is an alternative technology because of its ability to convert waste into electrical energy. The bacterio-algal fuel cell (BAFCs) is kind of an effort for increasing the economic value and carbon capture capability of MFCs. In this case, algae used as a catholyte and organic substrate containing anode-reducing exoelectrogenic bacteria acted as anolyte. This research will examine the potential of algae in BAFCs as an alternative energy for Indonesia's future. By photosynthesis reaction, bacterio-algal fuel cells are operated in a self-sustaining cycle. It can be configured in single, dual chambers, and triple chambers. The performance of bacterio-algal fuel cells is strongly influenced by the bacterial and algae species in each compartment. Factors involved in bacterial-algal fuel cells are also analyzed and assessed: electrode materials, membrane, carbon sources, and algae pretreatment, including the operational parameter, such as pH and temperature. Bacterio-algal fuel cells are recommended to be used to convert algae into electricity by scaling-up and integrating the devices. Organic substrate could be obtained from municipal wastewater. Algae as by-product could be harvested and converted into certain products. Algal Fuel Cell is the solution to produce electricity and reduce CO2 pollution at the same time. Also, an algal fuel cell is potential for sustainable use in the future. By integrating the algal fuel cell in the factory that produces high-concentrated wastewater, the fuel cell can purify the wastewater so that it is safe to be drained to the environment and also can make an integrated electricity production for the whole factory. Some ways to improve the power production are proposed to improve the power generation from BAFCs since this technology offers clean, affordable, sustainable energy, and in-line with SDGs.

Microbial fuel cells: Devices for real wastewater treatment, rather than electricity production

2021 ◽  
Vol 775 ◽  
pp. 145904
Author(s):  
Jaecheul Yu ◽  
Younghyun Park ◽  
Evy Widyaningsih ◽  
Sunah Kim ◽  
Younggy Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Real Wastewater

scholarly journals Advances in the Applications of Graphene-Based Nanocomposites in Clean Energy Materials

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Yiqiu Xiang ◽  
Ling Xin ◽  
Jiwei Hu ◽  
Caifang Li ◽  
Jimei Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Energy Storage And Conversion ◽  
Thermoelectric Conversion

Extensive use of fossil fuels can lead to energy depletion and serious environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to solve these problems by developing clean energy. Graphene materials own the advantages of high electrocatalytic activity, high conductivity, excellent mechanical strength, strong flexibility, large specific surface area and light weight, thus giving the potential to store electric charge, ions or hydrogen. Graphene-based nanocomposites have become new research hotspots in the field of energy storage and conversion, such as in fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, solar cells and thermoelectric conversion. Graphene as a catalyst carrier of hydrogen fuel cells has been further modified to obtain higher and more uniform metal dispersion, hence improving the electrocatalyst activity. Moreover, it can complement the network of electroactive materials to buffer the change of electrode volume and prevent the breakage and aggregation of electrode materials, and graphene oxide is also used as a cheap and sustainable proton exchange membrane. In lithium-ion batteries, substituting heteroatoms for carbon atoms in graphene composite electrodes can produce defects on the graphitized surface which have a good reversible specific capacity and increased energy and power densities. In solar cells, the performance of the interface and junction is enhanced by using a few layers of graphene-based composites and more electron-hole pairs are collected; therefore, the conversion efficiency is increased. Graphene has a high Seebeck coefficient, and therefore, it is a potential thermoelectric material. In this paper, we review the latest progress in the synthesis, characterization, evaluation and properties of graphene-based composites and their practical applications in fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, solar cells and thermoelectric conversion.

Biochar as a sustainable electrode material for electricity production in microbial fuel cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Huggins ◽  
Heming Wang ◽  
Joshua Kearns ◽  
Peter Jenkins ◽  
Zhiyong Jason Ren
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Electricity Production

Biodegradation and proton exchange using natural rubber in microbial fuel cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 733-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Winfield ◽  
Ioannis Ieropoulos ◽  
Jonathan Rossiter ◽  
John Greenman ◽  
David Patton
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Proton Exchange

scholarly journals Electricity production and sludge reduction by integrating microbial fuel cells in anoxic-oxic process

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 346-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benyi Xiao ◽  
Meng Luo ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Zuoxing Li ◽  
Hong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Sludge Reduction

scholarly journals A Thin Layer of Activated Carbon Deposited on Polyurethane Cube Leads to New Conductive Bioanode for (Plant) Microbial Fuel Cell

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 574
Author(s):  
Emilius Sudirjo ◽  
Paola Y. Constantino Diaz ◽  
Matteo Cociancich ◽  
Rens Lisman ◽  
Christian Snik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Electrochemically Active

Large-scale implementation of (plant) microbial fuel cells is greatly limited by high electrode costs. In this work, the potential of exploiting electrochemically active self-assembled biofilms in fabricating three-dimensional bioelectrodes for (plant) microbial fuel cells with minimum use of electrode materials was studied. Three-dimensional robust bioanodes were successfully developed with inexpensive polyurethane foams (PU) and activated carbon (AC). The PU/AC electrode bases were fabricated via a water-based sorption of AC particles on the surface of the PU cubes. The electrical current was enhanced by growth of bacteria on the PU/AC bioanode while sole current collectors produced minor current. Growth and electrochemical activity of the biofilm were shown with SEM imaging and DNA sequencing of the microbial community. The electric conductivity of the PU/AC electrode enhanced over time during bioanode development. The maximum current and power density of an acetate fed MFC reached 3 mA·m−2 projected surface area of anode compartment and 22 mW·m−3 anode compartment. The field test of the Plant-MFC reached a maximum performance of 0.9 mW·m−2 plant growth area (PGA) at a current density of 5.6 mA·m−2 PGA. A paddy field test showed that the PU/AC electrode was suitable as an anode material in combination with a graphite felt cathode. Finally, this study offers insights on the role of electrochemically active biofilms as natural enhancers of the conductivity of electrodes and as transformers of inert low-cost electrode materials into living electron acceptors.

scholarly journals Microbial Structure and Energy Generation in Microbial Fuel Cells Powered with Waste Anaerobic Digestate

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4712
Author(s):  
Dawid Nosek ◽  
Agnieszka Cydzik-Kwiatkowska
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Microbial Structure ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Start Up

Development of economical and environment-friendly Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) technology should be associated with waste management. However, current knowledge regarding microbiological bases of electricity production from complex waste substrates is insufficient. In the following study, microbial composition and electricity generation were investigated in MFCs powered with waste volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from anaerobic digestion of primary sludge. Two anode sizes were tested, resulting in organic loading rates (OLRs) of 69.12 and 36.21 mg chemical oxygen demand (COD)/(g MLSS∙d) in MFC1 and MFC2, respectively. Time of MFC operation affected the microbial structure and the use of waste VFAs promoted microbial diversity. High abundance of Deftia sp. and Methanobacterium sp. characterized start-up period in MFCs. During stable operation, higher OLR in MFC1 favored growth of exoelectrogens from Rhodopseudomonas sp. (13.2%) resulting in a higher and more stable electricity production in comparison with MFC2. At a lower OLR in MFC2, the percentage of exoelectrogens in biomass decreased, while the abundance of genera Leucobacter, Frigoribacterium and Phenylobacterium increased. In turn, this efficiently decomposed complex organic substances, favoring high and stable COD removal (over 85%). Independent of the anode size, Clostridium sp. and exoelectrogens belonging to genera Desulfobulbus and Acinetobacter were abundant in MFCs powered with waste VFAs.

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