scholarly journals Mean Blood Pressure and Velocity for Calculation of Ventricular Systolic Work

1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-28
Author(s):  
Milan Valach
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Average Pressure ◽  
Mean Pressure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Ejection Phase

In physiology, the mean arterial pressure is defined as an average pressure during one or several cardiac cycles. When calculus is not used, the mean pressure is approximately calculated as the diastolic pressure plus one third of the pulse pressure. In this article it is demonstrated that, when ventricular systolic work is concerned, the above definition of mean pressure must be replaced by a weighted average during the ejection phase of the systole. This gives a formula, by which a much higher estimate of the mean pressure is obtained.

scholarly journals Augmented mean arterial pressure supersedes STS-PROM risk score in predicting 1-year mortality in TAVR patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chieh-Ju Chao ◽  
Timothy Barry ◽  
Anusha G Shanbhag ◽  
Pradyumma Agasthi ◽  
Amith Seri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Cardiac Computed Tomography ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background/Introduction In the era transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), predicting post-procedural outcome of patients is one of the most important goals in structural heart research. We proposed new parameters (augmented blood pressure) derived from blood pressure and aortic valve gradient measurements and hypothesized that they can predict post-TAVR 1-year mortality. Materials and Methods Patients in the Mayo Clinic National Cardiovascular Diseases Registry (NCDR)-TAVR database who underwent TAVR between January 1, 2014 and June 30, 2017 were identified to retrieve baseline demographics, STS risk score ECG, cardiac computed tomography, echocardiographic and mortality data. Augmented blood pressure parameters and valvulo-arterial impedance were evaluated by Cox regression. After logistic model generation, receiver operating curve analysis was used to assess the model performance against STS risk score. Results The final cohort contains 883 patients. The mean age is 81.3+/-8.5 years old, 58.2% are male. The mean STS risk score is 8.1+/-5.1. The median follow-up duration is 353 days and one-year all-cause mortality rates is 13.3%. Multivariate Cox regression showed that augmented SBP and augmented MAP parameters are independently predictors of 1-year mortality (all p<0.0001). A single-parameter model based on augmented MAP1 supersedes STS risk score in prediction mortality (AUC 0.697 vs. 0.591, p=0.0055). Conclusion Augmented mean arterial pressure provides a simple but effective approach for clinicians to quickly estimate the clinical outcome of TAVR patients and should be incorporated in the assessment of TAVR candidacy.

Plasma Volume Decrease and Elevated Evans Blue Disappearance Rate in Essential Hypertension

1973 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milos Ulrych
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Evans Blue ◽  
Disappearance Rate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Volume Decrease

1. The disappearance rate of intravenously injected Evans Blue, plasma volume, cardiac output, and blood pressure were measured in seven normotensive and eighteen hypertensive subjects. 2. Plasma volume was found to be negatively correlated with the mean arterial pressure, Evans Blue disappearance rate and packed cell volume. 3. Faster disappearance rate of Evans Blue in hypertensive subjects may be due to an abnormality of mixing of the label or of the capillaries.

scholarly journals Comparison between esmolol and verapamil in attenuation of cardiovascular stress response to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation in elective surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
Nitisha Chakraborty ◽  
Sankar Roy ◽  
Debajyoti Sur ◽  
Arunava Biswas ◽  
Dipasri Bhattacharya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Endotracheal Intubation ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Cardiovascular Stress ◽  
The Mean

Background: Cardiovascular stress due to reflex sympathetic over activity is a great concern during laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Aims and Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of esmolol and verapamil for attenuation of hemodynamic effects (heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure) due to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation in elective surgical cases. Materials and Methods: A prospective, randomized, double blinded, controlled study was conducted on 60 patients divided equally into 30 each receiving esmolol (2 mg/kg body weight) and verapamil (0.1 mg/kg body weight) respectively. Heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure were recordedat pre-operative stage, after administration of the study drugs, immediately after intubation and at 1 ,3 ,5 minutes after intubation. Data collected were statistically analyzed. Results: The mean systolic blood pressure was lower in the esmolol group at all times of estimation compared with the verapamil group and the difference was at the time of intubation (p value <0.001).The mean diastolic blood pressure was lower in the esmolol group at all times of estimation compared to the verapamil group which was not statistically significant at any time of estimation. The mean arterial pressure was significantly lower at the time of immediately after intubation (p<0.001) in esmolol as compared to verapamil group. Adverse effects in both the study groups were insignificant. Conclusion: Esmololand Verapamil can effectively attenuate the cardiovascular stress to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation with the former appears to be a better alternative from efficacy and safety perspectives.

Cardiovascular Design after ‘Reversal’ of Long-Standing Renal Hypertension in Rats

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (s5) ◽  
pp. 19s-21s ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Lundgren ◽  
Lilian Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Resistance Vessels ◽  
Mean Pressure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normotensive Control

1. After 4–5 months of renal hypertension in rats renal artery ‘declipping’ was performed. Eight weeks afterwards paired hindquarter perfusions were performed on the declipped rats and normotensive control rats, exploring the relationships between mean arterial pressure and flow, from maximal vasodilatation to maximal vasoconstriction, induced by graded noradrenaline infusions. Left ventricular weights were measured. 2. Declipping caused a fall in mean arterial pressure from 180 to 135 mmHg, though still after 8 weeks the mean pressure was 19% higher than in normotensive control rats. 3. All parameters reflecting design and reactivity of the resistance vessels and left ventricular weight decreased significantly, but not as much as mean arterial pressure, and were still significantly increased compared with those of control rats. 4. Thus neither mean arterial pressure nor cardiovascular design was normalized 8 weeks after ‘reversal’ of long-standing renal hypertension, in contrast to short-standing renal hypertension where both are completely normalized 3 weeks after declipping.

scholarly journals Influence of acepromazine on the cardiovascular actions of dobutamine in isoflurane-anesthetized horses

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Raposo Monteiro ◽  
Juliano Ferreira Fernandes de Souza ◽  
Gustavo Cancian Baiotto ◽  
Giuliano Moraes Figueiró ◽  
Julia da Penha Piccoli Rangel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Infusion Rate ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Cardiovascular Actions ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
To Receive

The influence of acepromazine (ACP) on the effectiveness of dobutamine (DBT) in increasing blood pressure during isoflurane (ISO) anesthesia was evaluated in six horses. On separate occasions, the horses were randomly assigned to receive NaCl 0.9% (Control), ACP 0.025mg kg-1 and ACP 0.05mg kg-1. The experimental treatment was administered prior to induction of anesthesia. Maintenance of anesthesia was performed under conditions of normocapnia with ISO in oxygen. Dobutamine was administered at progressively increasing infusion rates until mean arterial pressure (MAP) reached 70mmHg or until a maximum infusion rate of 5.0µg kg-1 min-1. Compared with baseline, DBT increased heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures in all treatments. However, these variables did not differ among treatments. The target MAP (70mmHg) was not reached in 2/6, 2/5 and 0/6 horses in the Control, ACP0.025 and ACP0.05 treatments, respectively. The mean dose of DBT to achieve target MAP was 3.5±1.8, 3.7±1.6 and 2.7±1.4µg kg-1 min-1 in the Control, ACP0.025 and ACP0.05 treatments, respectively (P>0.05). Under the conditions of this study, premedication with ACP does not interfere with the effectiveness of DBT in increasing blood pressure in horses anesthetized with ISO.

Mapping of Two Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) for Blood Pressure (BP) on Rat Chromosome (CHR.) 2 Using Congenic Strains by Telemetry

Hypertension ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 718-719
Author(s):  
Alan Y Deng ◽  
Julie Dutil ◽  
Denis deBlois ◽  
Johanne Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
The Other ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor ◽  
Congenic Strains ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Chromosome Regions

P141 We previously mapped a BP QTL on rat Chr. 2 near the Na,K-ATPase ( Atp1a1) locus in two congenic strains. In the strain, S.MNS- Adh / D2Mit5, the Dahl salt sensitive (S) Chr. region, which was replaced by that of the Milan normotensive (MNS) strain, was quite large (roughly 80 cM). Now, we made 6 substrains from the original S.MNS- Adh / D2Mit5 strain, and then measured BP by telemetry for two (and will continue to measure for the rest) substrains. These two substrains do not contain overlapping chromosome regions. One, S.MNS-D2Mit6 / D2Rat166 (S.MNS1) , encompasses the angiotensin receptor AT1B ( Agtr1b ) and the other substrain, S.MNS-D2Mit9/ Camk2d (S.MNS2) includes Atp1a 1. Both substrains showed a significant (p<0.0001) effect in reducing the mean arterial pressure (MAP) in mmHg (see graph). This proves the presence of a QTL around Agtr1b. The BP effects of these QTL from the two separate substrains appeared to exceed those of the same number of QTL combined in one strain. This implies that these individual QTL on the same chromosome interact epistatically with one another.

Intraoperative Mean Arterial Pressure Variability and 30-day Mortality in Patients Having Noncardiac Surgery

2015 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Mascha ◽  
Dongsheng Yang ◽  
Stephanie Weiss ◽  
Daniel I. Sessler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Variability ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Noncardiac Surgery ◽  
Cumulative Duration ◽  
Time Weighted Average ◽  
Average Real Variability

Abstract Background: Little is known about the relationship between intraoperative blood pressure variability and mortality after noncardiac surgery. Therefore, the authors tested the hypothesis that blood pressure variability, independent from absolute blood pressure, is associated with increased 30-day mortality. Methods: Baseline and intraoperative variables plus 30-day mortality were obtained for 104,401 adults having noncardiac surgery lasting 60 min or longer. In confounder-adjusted models, the authors evaluated the associations between 30-day mortality and both time-weighted average intraoperative mean arterial pressure (TWA-MAP) and measures of intraoperative MAP variability—including generalized average real variability of MAP (ARV-MAP) and SD of MAP (SD-MAP). Results: Mean ± SD TWA-MAP was 84 ± 10 mmHg, and ARV-MAP was 2.5 ± 1.3 mmHg/min. TWA-MAP was strongly related to 30-day mortality, which more than tripled as TWA-MAP decreased from 80 to 50 mmHg. ARV-MAP was only marginally related to 30-day mortality (P = 0.033) after adjusting for TWA-MAP. Compared with median ARV-MAP, odds ratio (95% CI) for 30-day mortality was 1.14 (1.03 to 1.25) for low ARV-MAP (first quartile) and 0.94 (0.88 to 0.99) for high ARV-MAP (third quartile). Odds of 30-day mortality decreased as five-level categorized ARV-MAP increased (0.92; 0.87 to 0.99 for one category increase; P = 0.015). Secondarily, cumulative duration of MAP less than 50, 55, 60, 70, and 80 mmHg was associated with increased odds of 30-day mortality (all P &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: Although lower mean arterial pressure is strongly associated with mortality, lower intraoperative blood pressure variability per se is only mildly associated with postoperative mortality after noncardiac surgery.

scholarly journals Effect of Averrhoa bilimbi Fruit Extract on Blood Pressure and Mean Arterial Pressure of NaCl Induced Hypertensive Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 631-636
Author(s):  
Rafida M ◽  
AH Safitri ◽  
Nurina Tyagita
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Objective:Averrhoa bilimbi fruit contains potassium and flavonoid expected to play a role in lowering blood pressure. This study aim to examine the effect of Averrhoa bilimbi fruit extract on blood pressure and mean arterial pressure in NaCl-induced hypertensive rats. Materials and methods: This research employs pre- and post-test randomized control group design and uses 15 rats which are divided into 3 groups. On day 6, all groups are pretreated with NaCl 8% solution to induce hypertension for 14 days. On day 20, the control, furosemide and bilimbi groups are respectively treated with distilled water, 0.72mg/200gBW furosemide, and 150mg/200gBW Averrhoa bilimbi fruit extract for 7 days. The (systolic and diastolic) blood pressure and mean arterial pressure of each group are evaluated on day 20 and 27. The results are analyzed with Repeated Anova. Results: The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the control, furosemide and bilimbi group before treatment are (128.4±11.8/88.0±7.8mmHg); (142.8±13.6/85.4±16.7mmHg); and (144.8±15.1/98.0±14.9mmHg) respectively. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the control, furosemide and bilimbi group after being treated are (88.0±11.8/60.8±7.8mmHg); (98.0±13.6/71.0±16.7mmHg); and (85.4±15.1/65.0±14.9mmHg) respectively. The mean arterial pressure of the control, furosemide and bilimbi groups are (69.4±8.2mmHg); (79.6±14.8mmHg); (71.4±15.0mmHg) respectively. There is a statistically significant difference in the blood pressure and the mean arterial pressure among the groups (p=0.000). Averrhoa bilimbi fruit extract has an effect on the blood pressure and the mean arterial pressure of NaCl-induced hypertensive rats. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(3) 2021 p.631-636

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