scholarly journals Seedling Morphology of some selected members of Commelinaceae and its bearing in taxonomic studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Animesh Bose ◽  
Nandadulal Paria
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Seedling Morphology ◽  
The Family ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
Murdannia Nudiflora ◽  
Cotyledonary Sheath ◽  
Rbc L ◽  
Scanning Electron

Seedling morphology of eight species from four genera of the family Commelinaceae viz. Commelina appendiculata C.B. Clarke, C. benghalensis L., C. caroliniana Walter, C. paludosa Blume, Cyanotis axillaris (L.) D. Don ex Sweet, C. cristata (L.) D. Don, Murdannia nudiflora (L.) Brenan and Tradescantia spathacea Sw. are investigated using both light and scanning electron microscopy. The seedling morphological features explored include germination pattern, seed shape, surface and hilum, root system, cotyledon type, cotyledonary hyperphyll (apocole), cotyledonary hypophyll (cotyledonary sheath), hypocotyl, first leaf and subsequent leaves. All taxa studied had hypogeal and remote tubular cotyledons. However, differences in cotyledon structure (apocole, cotyledonary sheath), seed, hypocotyl, internodes, first leaf and subsequent leaves were observed. Variations of those characters were used to prepare an identification key for the investigated taxa. Commelina spp. and Murdannia nudiflora of the tribe Commelineae were found to differ from Cyanotis spp. and Tradescantia spathacea of tribe Tradescantieae in the petiolate first leaf with papillate margins on upper surface with 6-celled stomata and the glabrous epicotyl. The presence of an elongated cotyledonary sheath, long apocole and extended periblast region appear to be synapomorphies for Commelina spp. and T. spathacea. The affinity of the investigated taxa as revealed through multivariate analysis supports some of the relationships inferred by pollen morphology, floral morphology and DNA (rbc-L, 5S NTS, trnL-trnF) data stated by previous authors.

Comparative Development of Some Taxonomically Critical Floral Inflorescence Features in Cyperaceae

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Bruhl
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Comparative Development ◽  
Inflorescence Morphology ◽  
The Family ◽  
Scanning Electron

Morphology at different developmental stages was investigated by dissection and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in five sedges: Eleocharis (three species) and Schoenoplectus (both Cyperoideae, Scirpeae), and Lepidosperma (Caricoideae, Schoeneae). In each case all the perianth segments (scales or bristles) were positioned outside the staminal primordia or stamens, consistent with classical interpretations of flowers. Putative exceptions and previous alternative interpretations of floral morphology in the Cyperaceae are discussed. SEM developmental studies of Hypolytreae (e.g. Scirpodendron) are needed for further clarification of interpretative floral/inflorescence morphology in the family.

scholarly journals Pollen morphology and its systematic implication on some species of Artemisia L. from Gilgit-Baltistan Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Hussain ◽  
Daniel Potter ◽  
Muhammad Qasim Hayat ◽  
Sumaira Sahreen ◽  
Syed Ali Imran Bokhari
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Polar View ◽  
The Family ◽  
Artemisia Species ◽  
Taxonomic Marker ◽  
Micromorphological Characters ◽  
Gilgit Baltistan ◽  
Systematic Implication ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study was accomplished to scrutinize the pollen morphology of 15 species of the genus Artemisia of the family Asteraceae from Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results revealed pollen grains of Artemisia species with tricolporate shape, and characterized by globular symmetry (ellipsoid ball shaped from equatorial side and three lobed rounds from polar view) with few exceptions. Additionally, the pollens are marked with reduced spinules on their surfaces which are diagnostic character for the genus Artemisia. In this study, seven micromorphological characters of pollen grains of 15 Artemisia species viz. shape of pollen, arrangement of spinules, exine sculpture, spinules base, equatorial width and polar length, were employed to construct a dendrogram following the consequential cluster analyses. In the dentrogram, four groups within the studied Artemisia species have been recognized. The pollen morphology of Artemisia could be a good taxonomic marker to cope with its taxonomic delimitations in combination with other floral and molecular attributes.

The significance of the tail projections in female entomopathogenic nematodes within the family Steinernematidae

2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Mráček ◽  
V. Půža ◽  
J. Nermut'
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Female Tail ◽  
The Family ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractSeveral taxonomic studies of the entomopathogenic nematode family Steinernematidae have reported on the minute tail projections on the tail tips of females of the first generation; however, the occurrence and morphology of these traits in other steinernematid species and their taxonomic significance are still unclear. In the present study, the tail projections in females of seven steinernematid species belonging to four phylogenetic clades were examined. The projections are present in all of the tested species and their number and shape is consistent within species but significantly differs among species. It thus seems that these structures may have taxonomic significance at the species level. Based on these results, we suggest that every description of a new species in the family Steinernematidae should contain a precise morphology of the female tail, focused on these projections, using both light and scanning electron microscopy.

scholarly journals 24A study on pollen morphology of the family Oleaceae Hoffmanns. & Link in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Hong Quang Bui ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Prolate Spheroidal ◽  
The Family ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Sem Analyses

This paper uses scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses and light microscopy (LM) to study pollen grains of species of the family Oleaceae Hoffmanns. & Link distributed in Vietnam, including 23 species belonging to 6 genera of the family (Oleaceae). Pollen grains of all species (Oleaceae) in Vietnam are isopolar, radial, 3- prolate pollen grains small size, with two types: subprolate type (Jasminum and Olea) and prolate spheroidal type (Jasminum, Fraxinus, Ligustrum, Osmanthus, and Chengiodendron). The surface of the pollen grains in most species is reticulate. These are important morphological features to classify the Nhai family through pollen morphology

Pollen morphology of selected species of Anacardiaceae and its taxonomic significance

Rodriguésia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alano César Rocha de Assis ◽  
Eduardo Custódio Gasparino ◽  
Marileide Dias Saba
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Electron Microscopies ◽  
Oblate Spheroidal ◽  
Exine Ornamentation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract In the present work, the pollen morphology of 22 species of Anacardiaceae was analysed, occurring in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The palynological material was obtained from specimens deposited in herbaria. The pollen grains were acetolysed, measured, illustrated and described under light and scanning electron microscopies. The quantitative data were statistically analysed according to sample size. The analysed species presented pollen grains in monads, small to medium sized, isopolar, amb circular to subtriangular, with shapes varying from oblate-spheroidal to prolate, 3-colporate, with fastigium in some species. The exine ornamentation was characterized as psilate, striate, microreticulate-striate, striato-perforate, suprastriato-infra(micro)reticulate. The pollen morphology variation confirms the eurypalynous character of the family. The attributes of the apertures and exine may collaborate in the taxonomic circumscription and provide a clarification of the phylogenetic relationships of the group.

A new species of Rubus L. (Rosaceae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 289 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
SUDHANSU SEKHAR DASH ◽  
CHANDANI GUPTA ◽  
LAKHI RAM BHUYAN
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Eastern Himalaya ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

A new species, Rubus haridasanii, from Arunachal Pradesh, Eastern Himalaya, is described and illustrated. It is closely related to Rubus preptanthus but differs by the presence of caudate-acuminate leaves, 5–6-flowered inflorescences, stipitate glandular pedicels and calyx, delicate needle-like prickles on the calyx, caudate apex of the sepals. The distinct foliar as well as floral morphology of R. haridasanii differ from all previously described species of Rubus. Differences in key morphological characters of R. haridasanii and R. preptanthus are also tabulated. In addition, pollen morphology is described based on light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

The reproductive biology of Hydrocharis morsus-ranae. II. Seed and seedling morphology

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 492-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin W. Scribailo ◽  
Usher Posluszny
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Growth Phases ◽  
Seedling Morphology ◽  
Cotyledonary Sheath ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study of seed and seedling morphology in the aquatic monocotyledon Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. (Hydrocharitaceae) represents part of a continuing study of sexual reproduction in this species. Scanning electron microscope studies of the seeds showed them to have testas covered with hollow spiraliform tubercles. Germination occurs when the radicle and cotyledon of the embryo from the exalbuminous seed elongate, splitting the tuberculate testa. The buoyant embryo then rises to the surface with the first foliage leaves emerging from a highly modified cotyledonary sheath. This makes early growth in the seedling look strictly hypocotyledonary. Both the radicle and cotyledon discontinue growth by the two-leaf stage in the seedlings. The young seedlings undergo several growth phases. At first they look Lemna-like in habit and then, subsequently, very similar to germinating turions of the same species. Several methods are discussed to help distinguish between germinating turions and seedlings. During a subsequent field study of a H. morsus-ranae population, only two germinating seedlings were discovered. Several reasons for the absence of seedlings in this population are discussed.

Pollen morphology of some species belonging to Codonoprasum and Allium sections of Allium (Liliaceae-Alliaceae) genus

Biologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ümmügülsüm Güler ◽  
Sevil Pehlivan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Exine Ornamentation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Tem Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Section Level

AbstractPollen morphology of 14 Allium L. species grown in Turkey, that belong to the sections Codonoprasum and Allium, were investigated under LM (light microscopy) and by SEM (scanning electron microscopy). However, the pollens of 5 species were investigated under TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Detailed pollen morphological characteristics are given for Allium in the family on the basis of the results presented here together with data from the literature. The genera Allium homogeneous in both aperture type and exine ornamentation. It is suggested that some palynological characters, such as aperture type and the presence of an operculum, could be of taxonomic value at the section level.

Scanning electron microscopy observations of pollen morphology in common vetch (Vicia sativa) subspecies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Rui Dong ◽  
Zhongjie Lu ◽  
Zhengyu Yang ◽  
Yanrong Wang ◽  
Chao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Polar View ◽  
Polar Axis ◽  
Vicia Sativa ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Plant Phylogeny ◽  
Axis Length ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Common vetch (Vicia sativa) is an important forage and green manure crop that is widely cultivated around the world. However, the large number of subspecies and accessions of common vetch has made taxonomic research on this species difficult. Pollen morphology data can provide important evidence in the study of plant phylogeny. Therefore, in this research, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe seven morphological traits of pollens from 22 common vetch accessions, and residual maximum likelihood and pattern analysis was conducted. The results showed that the pollen grains of the 22 accessions were all monad pollen and the polar view revealed three-lobed circular and triangular shapes, while the equatorial view mainly revealed an oblate shape; only one accession showed an oblate spherical shape. All accessions were 3-zonocolporate and the colpus length extended close to the poles. The polar axis length was (19.39 ± 0.97)–(42.12 ± 0.76) μm and the equatorial axis length was (35.97 ± 1.27)–(45.25 ± 0.81) μm. We found that qualitative traits of pollen shape, aperture polar view and ornamentation were highly stable. Among them, polar axis length, equatorial axis length and colpus length and width had significant differences among the accessions. The ratios of the equatorial and polar axes had significant differences among the subspecies. This trait information could be used for the classification and identification of common vetch accessions and subspecies.

Discoasters of the Blue Clay (Middle Miocene) of Malta and Gozo

1978 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoo Hojjatzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Middle Miocene ◽  
The Family ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron

SummaryTwenty-three species of the Family Discoasteraceae Vekshina, 1959 recovered from 18 samples of the Blue Clay at Fort Chambray, Gozo, and 31 samples from Fomm-Ir-Rih Bay, Malta, have been studied under light and scanning electron microscopes. Fourteen Middle Miocene species are reviewed, their stratigraphical ranges and importance as marker species discussed. Nine species are described as new. On the basis of the discoaster species present, a Middle Miocene age (NN.6 Discoaster exilis Zone – NN.7 Discoaster kugleri Zone) for the Blue Clay in Malta and Gozo is suggested.

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