scholarly journals Practical generation of common random strings for secure multiparty computations over the Internet

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 01-15
Author(s):  
István Vajda
Keyword(s):  
Broadcast Channels ◽  
Third Party ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Random String ◽  
Coin Toss ◽  
Trusted Third Party ◽  
Malicious Adversary ◽  
Radio Broadcast ◽  
Secure Implementation ◽  
Provably Secure

It is known that most of the interesting multiparty cryptographic tasks cannot be implemented securely without trusted setup in a general concurrent network environment like the Internet. We need an appropriate trusted third party to solve this problem.  An important trusted setup is a public random string shared by the parties. We present a practical n-bit coin toss protocol for provably secure implementation of such setup. Our idea is inviting external peers into the execution of the protocol to establish an honest majority among the parties. We guarantee security in the presence of an unconditional, static, malicious adversary. Additionally, we present an original practical idea of using live public radio broadcast channels for the generation of common physical random source.  

Economic Issues in Advertising via E-Mail

2005 ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Ram D. Gopal ◽  
Arvind K. Tripathi ◽  
Zhiping D. Walter
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Third Party ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Popular Press ◽  
Advocacy Groups ◽  
Consumer Advocacy ◽  
Trusted Third Party ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Commercial Advertising ◽  
E Mail

By any measure, e-mail turns out to be one of most effective and useful features offered by the Internet. However, by providing an unprecedented level of personalized communication opportunities, e-mail has also become a favorite tool for commercial advertising which has led to the problem of unsolicited commercial e-mailing (UCE). Popular press is full of articles outlining that businesses spend billions of dollars every year to combat UCE (also termed as “spam” in literature). This chapter looks at the issues in e-mail advertising via a business model termed as Admediation which facilitates e-mail advertising. Admediary is a trusted third party that facilitates a mutually desirable communication between buyers and sellers via e-mail and operates under “opt-in” mode, which is widely supported by consumer advocacy groups. At the end we summarize the viability of Admediation and its impact on e-mail advertising.

A Provably Secure E-Cash Scheme with Loss-Tracing

2013 ◽  
Vol 748 ◽  
pp. 958-966
Author(s):  
Bin Lian ◽  
Gong Liang Chen ◽  
Jian Hua Li
Keyword(s):  
Random Oracle Model ◽  
Random Oracle ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Trusted Third Party ◽  
Security Proofs ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Practical Scheme ◽  
Provably Secure

E-cash should be spent anonymously in normal circumstances, while in many schemes, the trusted authority is the only one who acts as customer-tracer and e-coin-tracer for preventing illegal transactions, but it is not the case in the reality. In our practical scheme, the bank traces double-spenders without the help of others, and the trusted third party traces e-coins and the owner only when the customer is involved in crimes. When customers lose their e-coins for some reasons, the loss-tracing can be triggered in our scheme which is neglected by almost all existing schemes, so if the lost coins haven't been spent by anyone, the customers can get the refund from the bank. And then the security proofs for our E-cash scheme are provided in the random oracle model.

Enhancing Privacy in PUF-Cash through Multiple Trusted Third Parties and Reinforcement Learning

2022 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Georgios Fragkos ◽  
Cyrus Minwalla ◽  
Eirini Eleni Tsiropoulou ◽  
Jim Plusquellic
Keyword(s):  
User Anonymity ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
User Privacy ◽  
Trusted Third Party ◽  
Physical Unclonable Functions ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Direct Contrast ◽  
Debit Cards

Electronic cash ( e-Cash ) is a digital alternative to physical currency such as coins and bank notes. Suitably constructed, e-Cash has the ability to offer an anonymous offline experience much akin to cash, and in direct contrast to traditional forms of payment such as credit and debit cards. Implementing security and privacy within e-Cash, i.e., preserving user anonymity while preventing counterfeiting, fraud, and double spending, is a non-trivial challenge. In this article, we propose major improvements to an e-Cash protocol, termed PUF-Cash, based on physical unclonable functions ( PUFs ). PUF-Cash was created as an offline-first, secure e-Cash scheme that preserved user anonymity in payments. In addition, PUF-Cash supports remote payments; an improvement over traditional currency. In this work, a novel multi-trusted-third-party exchange scheme is introduced, which is responsible for “blinding” Alice’s e-Cash tokens; a feature at the heart of preserving her anonymity. The exchange operations are governed by machine learning techniques which are uniquely applied to optimize user privacy, while remaining resistant to identity-revealing attacks by adversaries and trusted authorities. Federation of the single trusted third party into multiple entities distributes the workload, thereby improving performance and resiliency within the e-Cash system architecture. Experimental results indicate that improvements to PUF-Cash enhance user privacy and scalability.

scholarly journals Decentralized collaborative TTP free approach for privacy preservation in location based services

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 5376
Author(s):  
Ajaysinh Devendrasinh Rathod ◽  
Saurabh Shah ◽  
Vivaksha J. Jariwala
Keyword(s):  
Privacy Preservation ◽  
Location Privacy ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Digital Assistant ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Location Based Services ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Trusted Third Party ◽  
Recent Trends

In recent trends, growth of location based services have been increased due to the large usage of cell phones, personal digital assistant and other devices like location based navigation, emergency services, location based social networking, location based advertisement, etc. Users are provided with important information based on location to the service provider that results the compromise with their personal information like user’s identity, location privacy etc. To achieve location privacy of the user, cryptographic technique is one of the best technique which gives assurance. Location based services are classified as Trusted Third Party (TTP) & without Trusted Third Party that uses cryptographic approaches. TTP free is one of the prominent approach in which it uses peer-to-peer model. In this approach, important users mutually connect with each other to form a network to work without the use of any person/server. There are many existing approaches in literature for privacy preserving location based services, but their solutions are at high cost or not supporting scalability.  In this paper, our aim is to propose an approach along with algorithms that will help the location based services (LBS) users to provide location privacy with minimum cost and improve scalability.

scholarly journals Research of long radius technology for implementation of solutions of the Іnternet of things

Connectivity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Zhezhkun ◽  
◽  
L. B. Veksler ◽  
S. M. Brezitsʹkyy ◽  
B. O. Tarasyuk
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Security Properties ◽  
Technical Features ◽  
The Internet Of Things

This article focuses on the analysis of promising technologies for long-range traffic transmission for the implementation of the Internet of Things. The result of the review of technical features of technologies, their advantages and disadvantages is given. A comparative analysis was performed. An analysis is made that in the future heterogeneous structures based on the integration of many used radio technologies will play a crucial role in the implementation of fifth generation networks and systems. The Internet of Things (IoT) is heavily affecting our daily lives in many domains, ranging from tiny wearable devices to large industrial systems. Consequently, a wide variety of IoT applications have been developed and deployed using different IoT frameworks. An IoT framework is a set of guiding rules, protocols, and standards which simplify the implementation of IoT applications. The success of these applications mainly depends on the ecosystem characteristics of the IoT framework, with the emphasis on the security mechanisms employed in it, where issues related to security and privacy are pivotal. In this paper, we survey the security of the main IoT frameworks, a total of 8 frameworks are considered. For each framework, we clarify the proposed architecture, the essentials of developing third-party smart apps, the compatible hardware, and the security features. Comparing security architectures shows that the same standards used for securing communications, whereas different methodologies followed for providing other security properties.

scholarly journals THE STEAM PLATFORM ECONOMY: CAPITALISING FROM PLAYER-DRIVEN ECONOMIES ON THE INTERNET.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Mette Thorhauge
Keyword(s):  
Third Party ◽  
User Generated Content ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
Economic Action ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Attention Economy ◽  
Platform Economy ◽  
Game Platform

With this paper I aim to analyse and discuss the Steam game platform in a platform economic perspective. I will argue that Steam represents a special type of platform economy due to its roots in gaming economies: Steam’s platform economy can be seen as a specific way of capitalising on the player-driven economies that arise within and beyond key game titles offered on the platform. The API offered to third party developers on Steams websites can be described as a ‘palette of monetization strategies’ that run from simple retail models in the game store, over various ways of integrating user generated content in the Steam Workshop to the prospects of harnessing and capitalising from players’ economic action in the Community market. A look some of the most-played games titles shows that this gives rise to a variety of diverse monetization strategies. Many of those monetization strategies move beyond advertising and the attention economy, making players trades another potential source of income. In all cases, of course, Steam gets its share.

scholarly journals Blockchain as a CA: A Provably Secure Signcryption Scheme Leveraging Blockchains

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Tzung-Her Chen ◽  
Ting-Le Zhu ◽  
Fuh-Gwo Jeng ◽  
Chien-Lung Wang
Keyword(s):  
Security Analysis ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Computational Costs ◽  
The Past ◽  
Certificate Chain ◽  
Signcryption Scheme ◽  
Provably Secure

Although encryption and signatures have been two fundamental technologies for cryptosystems, they still receive considerable attention in academia due to the focus on reducing computational costs and communication overhead. In the past decade, applying certificateless signcryption schemes to solve the higher cost of maintaining the certificate chain issued by a certificate authority (CA) has been studied. With the recent increase in the interest in blockchains, signcryption is being revisited as a new possibility. The concepts of a blockchain as a CA and a transaction as a certificate proposed in this paper aim to use a blockchain without CAs or a trusted third party (TTP). The proposed provably secure signcryption scheme implements a designated recipient beforehand such that a sender can cryptographically facilitate the interoperation on the blockchain information with the designated recipient. Thus, the proposed scheme benefits from the following advantages: (1) it removes the high maintenance cost from involving CAs or a TTP, (2) it seamlessly integrates with blockchains, and (3) it provides confidential transactions. This paper also presents the theoretical security analysis and assesses the performance via the simulation results. Upon evaluating the operational cost in real currency based on Ethereum, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme only requires a small cost as a fee.

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