scholarly journals Intestinal epithelial cells are actively involved in a mucosal immune system

2002 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-12
Author(s):  
YOSHIKAZU OHTSUKA
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mucosal Immune System ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial

scholarly journals Transmission Electron Microscopic Demonstration of Phagocytosis and Intracellular Processing of Segmented Filamentous Bacteria by Intestinal Epithelial Cells of the Chick Ileum

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 6496-6504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koh-En Yamauchi ◽  
Johannes Snel
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mucosal Immune System ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Segmented Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Transmission Electron

ABSTRACT Segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) are autochthonous bacteria colonizing the ileum of many young animals by attaching to intestinal epithelial cells. These nonpathogenic bacteria strongly stimulate the mucosal immune system and induce intestinal epithelial cells to express major histocompatibility complex class II molecules. We tried to discover whether SFB are phagocytized and intracellularly processed by the host cells, which is indicative of antigen processing. The middle part of the ileum was extracted from 10- and 20-day-old broiler chicks (Gallus gallus domesticus). Samples were processed and examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM, respectively). In SEM, no, few, medium, and dense SFB colonization levels were classified. In TEM of cells from animals with medium or dense SFB colonization levels, we could observe extracellular particles ranging from those only indenting the cell membrane to particles found in the cytoplasmatic area beyond the terminal web. These particles had a structural similarity with SFB that were floating freely in the intestinal lumen. Furthermore, we observed unlacing of the membrane and septum surrounding the extracellular particles and their incorporation into host cytoplasmatic components, which strongly suggests that these particles are phagocytized and intracellularly processed SFB. This conclusion is supported by TEM analysis of samples with no or few SFB, in which we failed to find these characteristic morphologies. The phagocytosis process described here could be an important trigger for the stimulating effect of SFB on the mucosal immune system.

Probiotic bacteria cell walls stimulate the activity of the intestinal epithelial cells and macrophage functionality

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Lemme-Dumit ◽  
M.A. Polti ◽  
G. Perdigón ◽  
C. Maldonado Galdeano
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Mucosal Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial

The effect of oral administration of probiotic bacteria cell walls (PBCWs) in the stimulation of the immune system in healthy BALB/c mice was evaluated. We focused our investigation mainly on intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) which are essential for coordinating an adequate mucosal immune response and on the functionality of macrophages. The probiotic bacteria and their cell walls were able to stimulate the IECs exhibiting an important activation and cytokine releases. Supplementation with PBCWs promoted macrophage activation from peritoneum and spleen, indicating that the PBCWs oral administration was able to improve the functionality of the macrophages. In addition, the PBCWs increased immunoglobulin A (IgA)-producing cells in the gut lamina propria in a similar way to probiotic bacteria, but this supplementation did not have an effect on the population of goblet cells in the small intestine epithelium. These results indicate that the probiotic bacteria and their cell walls have an important immunoregulatory effect on the IECs without altering the homeostatic environment but with an increase in IgA+ producing cells and in the innate immune cells, mainly those distant from the gut such as spleen and peritoneum. These findings about the capacity of the cell walls from probiotic bacteria to stimulate key cells, such as IECs and macrophages, and to improve the functioning of the immune system, suggest that those structures could be applied as a new oral adjuvant.

L-Threonine upregulates β-defensins expression by activating NF-κB signaling pathway and suppressing SIRT1 expression in porcine intestinal epithelial cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenxi Wang ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Nan Gao ◽  
Jing Lan ◽  
Xiujing Dou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
New Strategy

The use of antimicrobial peptide (AMP), found in all forms of life and playing a pivotal role in the innate immune system, has been developed as a new strategy for...

scholarly journals Specific and Non-Invasive Fluorescent Labelling of Extracellular Vesicles for Evaluation of Intracellular Processing by Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Maria S. Hansen ◽  
Ida S. E. Gadegaard ◽  
Eva C. Arnspang ◽  
Kristine Blans ◽  
Lene N. Nejsum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Fluorescent Labelling ◽  
Non Invasive

The presence of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in milk has gained interest due to their capacity to modulate the infant’s intestinal and immune system. Studies suggest that milk EVs are enriched in immune-modulating proteins and miRNA, highlighting their possible health benefits to infants. To assess uptake of milk EVs by intestinal epithelial cells, a method was developed using labelling of isolated EVs with fluorophore-conjugated lactadherin. Lactadherin is a generic and validated EV marker, which enables an effective labelling of phosphatidylserine (PS) exposing EVs. Labelled EVs could effectively be used to describe a dose- and time-dependent uptake into the intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cell line. Additionally, fluorescence microscopy was employed to show that EVs colocalize with endosomal markers and lysosomes, indicating that EVs are taken up via general endocytotic mechanisms. Collectively, a method to specifically label isolated EVs is presented and employed to study the uptake of milk EVs by intestinal epithelial cells.

scholarly journals Impact of human milk on the transcriptomic response of fetal intestinal epithelial cells reveals expression changes of immune-related genes

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
José V. Gimeno-Alcañiz ◽  
María Carmen Collado
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Transcriptomic Response ◽  
Complex Fluid ◽  
Immune Related Genes

Human milk, the best food for infants, is a dynamic and complex fluid that directly influences the immune system and microbiota establishment.

Three-dimensional organization and functional relationships of endocytotic compartments in pig intestinal epithelial cells

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 576-577
Author(s):  
Julian P. Heath ◽  
Buford L. Nichols ◽  
László G. Kömüves
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Cell Surfaces ◽  
Basal Surface ◽  
Functional Relationships

The newborn pig intestine is adapted for the rapid and efficient absorption of nutrients from colostrum. In enterocytes, colostral proteins are taken up into an apical endocytotic complex of channels that transports them to target organelles or to the basal surface for release into the circulation. The apical endocytotic complex of tubules and vesicles clearly is a major intersection in the routes taken by vesicles trafficking to and from the Golgi, lysosomes, and the apical and basolateral cell surfaces.Jejunal tissues were taken from piglets suckled for up to 6 hours and prepared for electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry as previously described.

Human and mouse intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) present glycolipid antigens to natural killer (NK)-T cells in a CD1d-restricted manner

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A37-A37
Author(s):  
Y VANDEWAL ◽  
R PITMAN ◽  
R HERSHBERG ◽  
S COLGAN ◽  
S BEHAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Nk T Cells ◽  
Human And Mouse

Thrombin enhances migration of intestinal epithelial cells

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A504-A504
Author(s):  
A NEUMANN ◽  
M DEPKAPRONDZINSKI ◽  
C WILHELM ◽  
K FELGENHAUER ◽  
T CASPRITZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document