scholarly journals What Method is to Achieve the Purposes of Systems-of-Systems Having Different Boundaries as System-of-Systems for Each Organization?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki KOBAYASHI ◽  
Mikiko NAKADA ◽  
Seiko SHIRASAKA
Keyword(s):  
System Of Systems ◽  
Systems Of Systems

Using Indicators to Monitor Security Risk in Systems of Systems

2012 ◽  
pp. 256-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav Skjelkvåle Ligaarden ◽  
Atle Refsdal ◽  
Ketil Stølen
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
System Of Systems ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Systems Of Systems ◽  
It Service ◽  
The Impact

Systems of systems are collections of systems interconnected through the exchange of services. Their often complex service dependencies and very dynamic nature make them hard to analyze and predict with respect to quality in general, and security in particular. In this chapter, the authors put forward a method for the capture and monitoring of impact of service dependencies on the security of provided services. The method is divided into four main steps focusing on documenting the system of systems and IT service dependencies, establishing the impact of service dependencies on risk to security of provided services, identifying measureable indicators for dynamic monitoring, and specifying their design and deployment, respectively. The authors illustrate the method in an example-driven fashion based on a case within power supply.

scholarly journals Interface Data Modeling to Detect and Diagnose Intersystem Faults for Designing and Integrating System of Systems

Complexity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung-Min Seo ◽  
Kwang-Phil Park
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Computer Network ◽  
Real Data ◽  
System Of Systems ◽  
Engineering System ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Systems Of Systems ◽  
Systematic Solution ◽  
System Of Systems Engineering ◽  
Model View

In system of systems engineering, system integrators are in charge of compatible and reliable interfaces between subsystems. This study explains a systematic solution to identify and diagnose interface faults during designing and integrating systems of systems. Because the systems targeted in this study are real underwater vessels, we first have anatomized 188 interface data transferred between 22 subsystems of them. Based on this, two interface data models are proposed, which include data sets regarding messages and inner fields and transition and decision functions for them. Specifically, a structure model at the message level evaluates how inner fields belong to a message, and a logic model at the field level assesses how each field is interpreted and if the interpreted value is understandable. The software that supports the modeling is implemented using the following concepts: (1) a model-view-viewmodel pattern for overall software design and (2) a computer network for representing sequential properties of field interpretations. The proposed modeling and software facilitate diagnostic decisions by checking the consistency between interface protocols and obtained real data. As a practical use, the proposed work was applied to an underwater shipbuilding project. Within 10 interfaces, 14 fault cases were identified and diagnosed. They were gradually resolved during the system design and integration phases, which formed the basis of successful submarine construction.

A Lightweight Architecture for Hardware-Based Security in the Emerging Era of Systems of Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Nico Mexis ◽  
Nikolaos Athanasios Anagnostopoulos ◽  
Shuai Chen ◽  
Jan Bambach ◽  
Tolga Arul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
System Of Systems ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Systems Of Systems ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Commercial Off The Shelf ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Internet Of Things

In recent years, a new generation of the Internet of Things (IoT 2.0) is emerging, based on artificial intelligence, the blockchain technology, machine learning, and the constant consolidation of pre-existing systems and subsystems into larger systems. In this work, we construct and examine a proof-of-concept prototype of such a system of systems, which consists of heterogeneous commercial off-the-shelf components, and utilises diverse communication protocols. We recognise the inherent need for lightweight security in this context, and address it by employing a low-cost state-of-the-art security solution. Our solution is based on a novel hardware and software co-engineering paradigm, utilising well-known software-based cryptographic algorithms, in order to maximise the security potential of the hardware security primitive (a Physical Unclonable Function) that is used as a security anchor. The performance of the proposed security solution is evaluated, proving its suitability even for real-time applications. Additionally, the Dolev-Yao attacker model is considered in order to assess the resilience of our solution towards attacks against the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the examined system of systems. In this way, it is confirmed that the proposed solution is able to address the emerging security challenges of the oncoming era of systems of systems.

scholarly journals Cooperation in Adaptive Multi-Agent Systems through System of Systems modeling

10.29007/kqfk ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teddy Bouziat ◽  
Valérie Camps ◽  
Stéphanie Combettes
Keyword(s):  
Decision Process ◽  
Transportation Problem ◽  
System Of Systems ◽  
Generic Model ◽  
Multi Agent System ◽  
Multi Agent Systems ◽  
Systems Of Systems ◽  
Agent Systems ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Multi Agent

This paper addresses the modeling and design of Systems of Systems (SoS) as well as inter multi-agent systems cooperation. It presents and illustrates a new generic model to describe formally SoS. Then, this model is used to propose a study of inter-AMAS (Adaptive Multi-Agent System) cooperation. Each AMAS, reified as a component-system of a SoS, uses a cooperative decision process in order to interact with other AMAS and to collectively give rise to a relevant overall function at the SoS level. The proposed model as well as the inter-AMAS study are instantiated to a simulated resources transportation problem.

scholarly journals Towards an Uncertainty Framework for Product Service Systems of Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3121-3130
Author(s):  
Sarra Fakhfakh ◽  
Andreas Makoto Hein ◽  
Marija Jankovic ◽  
Yann Chazal
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
System Of Systems ◽  
Service Systems ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Systems Of Systems ◽  
Concept Definition ◽  
Product Service ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Product Service Systems

AbstractProduct Service Systems (PSS) are increasingly complex and collaborative. For instance, manufacturing companies, service providers, and other companies collaborate and jointly develop and operate a PSS (ex: smart grid), where its constituent elements are managed and operated independently. Managerial independence and operational independence are commonly considered key characteristics of a System of Systems (SoS). Hence, a collaborative PSS exhibits System of Systems (SoSs) characteristics. These systems have previously been introduced as Product Service Systems of Systems (PSSoSs). In this paper, we propose to identify relevant uncertainties in the PSSoS design process. For this purpose, we go beyond the PSSoS concept definition and propose a comprehensive framework for PSS and PSSoS characterization. Moreover, based on both a literature review and an industrial diagnosis, we identify PSSoSs-specific design uncertainties.

scholarly journals A META-MODEL FOR PRODUCT SERVICE SYSTEMS OF SYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1235-1244
Author(s):  
S. Fakhfakh ◽  
A. M. Hein ◽  
M. Jankovic ◽  
Y. Chazal
Keyword(s):  
Service System ◽  
System Of Systems ◽  
Service Systems ◽  
Product Service System ◽  
Systems Of Systems ◽  
Meta Model ◽  
Product Service ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Development Methods ◽  
Product Service Systems

AbstractA Product Service System of Systems (PSSoS) is a set of products, services, infrastructure, and a network where its constituent elements exhibit operational and managerial independence. As such, a PSSoS shows PSS characteristics of heterogeneity and evolvability and SoS characteristics of emergence and diversity. Neither existing PSS nor SoS development approaches fully address these characteristics. Thus, PSSoS development raises new challenges. In this paper, we propose a PSSoS meta-model that integrates PSS and SoS key concepts, to provide a basis for future PSSoS development methods.

An Analysis Capability for System of Systems Research

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 814-818
Author(s):  
Elizabeth K. Bowman ◽  
Jeffrey A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
System Of Systems ◽  
Systems Of Systems ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Utility Of Information ◽  
Human Decision ◽  
Definition Of

This paper proposes an analysis capability for systems of systems research in military settings. A new approach is needed due to the increasingly complex socio-technical nature of Command and Control (C2). This research seeks to advance the Army analysis process by developing a capability to examine cognitive, social and technical aspects of information sharing and consequential decision making requirement for C2. We first review the definition of system of systems. Next, we establish the agent-based modeling and simulation (ABMS) paradigm as a useful method for analysis because of its facility for exploring large and complex problem spaces. This is followed by some structural issues addressed by ABMS with an emphasis on the challenge of representing human behavior in psychologically plausible ways. We then present one instantiation of ABMS that incorporates a representation of human decision making and the utility of information in a small vignette. We consider the suitability of this ABMS for system of system analyses with respect to how the decision making processes represent human decision making behavior. Finally, we discuss an ongoing approach to improve human behavior representations in the agents of this ABMS.

scholarly journals Towards Advances on Software Architecture Design ofConstituents for Systems-of-Systems: Enabling Operational Independence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Gabriel Teixeira ◽  
Valdemar Vicente Graciano Neto
Keyword(s):  
Software Architecture ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
System Of Systems ◽  
Architecture Design ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Systems Of Systems ◽  
Control Structures ◽  
Intensive System ◽  
Software Architecture Design

Over the years, knowledge on how to engineer software-intensive system-of-systems (SoS) have been expanded and advanced. However, challenges still remain. Constituent Systems (CSs) are required to instantaneously connect themselves to a SoS while still preserving their own operational independence. Moreover, SoS CS are subject to a sort of heterogeneities that makes it difficult to make decisions outside predefined frameworks, environment and hierarchical command-control structures. Hence, many of the systems currently available are not prepared to be part of an SoS, i.e., they can not maintain their operational independence despite their participation in one or more SoS. Based on this context, the main goal of this research is to exploit how to design a software architecture for systems that are intended to become part of a SoS in the future. To achieve this goal, we chose the urban mobility SoS domain, and then executed a software architecture design process to design a software architecture for an autonomous car as CS of this SoS. Later, we evaluated it through simulation. Preliminary results reveal that our proposal comply with the requirements raised during the architectural design process and can enable a system to be a constituent of a SoS while still preserving its operational independence.

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