scholarly journals Insulin-resistant subjects have normal angiogenic response to aerobic exercise training in skeletal muscle, but not in adipose tissue

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. e12415 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Grace Walton ◽  
Brian S. Finlin ◽  
Jyothi Mula ◽  
Douglas E. Long ◽  
Beibei Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Angiogenic Response ◽  
Insulin Resistant

scholarly journals Metabolomic Response of Skeletal Muscle to Aerobic Exercise Training in Insulin Resistant Type 1 Diabetic Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle S. Dotzert ◽  
Michael R. Murray ◽  
Matthew W. McDonald ◽  
T. Dylan Olver ◽  
Thomas J. Velenosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Insulin Resistant

Exercise training favors increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle in contrast to adipose tissue: a randomized study using FDG PET imaging

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (4) ◽  
pp. E496-E506 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Reichkendler ◽  
P. Auerbach ◽  
M. Rosenkilde ◽  
A. N. Christensen ◽  
S. Holm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Femoral Muscle ◽  
Muscle Groups

Physical exercise increases peripheral insulin sensitivity, but regional differences are poorly elucidated in humans. We investigated the effect of aerobic exercise training on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in five individual femoral muscle groups and four different adipose tissue regions, using dynamic (femoral region) and static (abdominal region) 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose (FDG) PET/CT methodology during steady-state insulin infusion (40 mU·m−2·min−1). Body composition was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry and MRI. Sixty-one healthy, sedentary [V̇o2max 36(5) ml·kg−1·min−1; mean(SD)], moderately overweight [BMI 28.1(1.8) kg/m2], young [age: 30(6) yr] men were randomized to sedentary living (CON; n = 17 completers) or moderate (MOD; 300 kcal/day, n = 18) or high (HIGH; 600 kcal/day, n = 18) dose physical exercise for 11 wk. At baseline, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was highest in femoral skeletal muscle followed by intraperitoneal visceral adipose tissue (VAT), retroperitoneal VAT, abdominal (anterior + posterior) subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and femoral SAT ( P < 0.0001 between tissues). Metabolic rate of glucose increased similarly (∼30%) in the two exercise groups in femoral skeletal muscle (MOD 24[9, 39] μmol·kg−1·min−1, P = 0.004; HIGH 22[9, 35] μmol·kg−1·min−1, P = 0.003) (mean[95% CI]) and in five individual femoral muscle groups but not in femoral SAT. Standardized uptake value of FDG decreased ∼24% in anterior abdominal SAT and ∼20% in posterior abdominal SAT compared with CON but not in either intra- or retroperitoneal VAT. Total adipose tissue mass decreased in both exercise groups, and the decrease was distributed equally among subcutaneous and intra-abdominal depots. In conclusion, aerobic exercise training increases insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle but not in adipose tissue, which demonstrates some interregional differences.

scholarly journals Relationship between intermuscular adipose tissue infiltration and myostatin before and after aerobic exercise training

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (3) ◽  
pp. R461-R468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam R. Konopka ◽  
Christopher A. Wolff ◽  
Miranda K. Suer ◽  
Matthew P. Harber
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Function ◽  
Intermuscular Adipose Tissue ◽  
Before And After

Intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) is associated with impaired skeletal muscle contractile and metabolic function. Myostatin and downstream signaling proteins such as cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) contribute to the regulation of adipose and skeletal muscle mass in cell culture and animals models, but this relationship remains incompletely understood in humans. The purpose of this study was to determine if the infiltration of IMAT was associated with skeletal muscle myostatin and downstream proteins before and after 12 wk of aerobic exercise training (AET) in healthy older women (OW; 69 ± 2 yr), older men (OM; 74 ± 3 yr), and young men (YM; 20 ± 1 yr). We found that the infiltration of IMAT was correlated with myostatin and phosphorylated CDK2 at tyrosine 15 [P-CDK2(Tyr15)]. IMAT infiltration was greater in the older subjects and was associated with lower skeletal muscle function and exercise capacity. After 12 wk of AET, there was no change in body weight. Myostatin and P-CDK2(Tyr15) were both decreased after AET, and the reduction in myostatin was associated with decreased IMAT infiltration. The decrease in myostatin and IMAT occurred concomitantly with increased exercise capacity, skeletal muscle size, and function after AET. These findings demonstrate that the reduction in IMAT infiltration after AET in weight stable individuals was accompanied by improvements in skeletal muscle function and exercise capacity. Moreover, the association between myostatin and IMAT was present in the untrained state and in response to exercise training, strengthening the potential regulatory role of myostatin on IMAT.

scholarly journals No difference in the skeletal muscle angiogenic response to aerobic exercise training between young and aged men

2007 ◽  
Vol 585 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy P. Gavin ◽  
Rebecca S. Ruster ◽  
John A. Carrithers ◽  
Kevin A. Zwetsloot ◽  
Raymond M. Kraus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Angiogenic Response

scholarly journals Aerobic exercise training prevents obesity and insulin resistance independent of the renin angiotensin system modulation in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. e0215896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Laura V. Américo ◽  
Cynthia R. Muller ◽  
Bruno Vecchiatto ◽  
Luiz Felipe Martucci ◽  
Miriam H. Fonseca-Alaniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue

scholarly journals Molecular Adaptations to Aerobic Exercise Training in Skeletal Muscle of Older Women

2010 ◽  
Vol 65A (11) ◽  
pp. 1201-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Konopka ◽  
M. D. Douglass ◽  
L. A. Kaminsky ◽  
B. Jemiolo ◽  
T. A. Trappe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training
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