Performance of Biological Powder Activated Carbon-Membrane Bioreactor (BPAC-MBR) for old-landfill leachate treatment

A pilot scale experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of a membrane bioreactor filled with high concentration powdered activated carbon. This hybrid system has great potential to substitute for existing GAC or O3/BAC processes in the drinking water treatment train. The system was installed at a water treatment plant located downstream of the Nakdong river basin, Korea. Effluent of rapid sand filter was used as influent of the system which consists of PAC bio-reactor, submerged MF membrane module and air supply facility. PAC concentration of 20 g/L was maintained at the beginning of the experiment and it was increased to 40 g/L. The PAC has not been changed during the operational periods. The membrane was a hollow fiber type with pore sizes of 0.1 and 0.4 µm. It was apparent that the high PAC concentration could prevent membrane fouling. 40 g/L PAC was more effective to reduce the filtration resistance than 20 g/L. At the flux of 0.36 m/d, TMP was maintained less than 40 kPa for about 3 months by intermittent suction type operation (12 min suction/3 min idling). Adsorption was the dominant role to remove DOC at the initial operational period. However the biological effect was gradually increased after around 3 months operation. Constant DOC removal could be maintained at about 40% without any trouble and then a tremendous reduction of DBPs (HAA5 and THM) higher than 85% was achieved. Full nitrification was observed at the controlled influent ammonia nitrogen concentration of 3 and 7 mg/L. pH was an important parameter to keep stable ammonia oxidation. From almost two years of operation, it is clear that the PAC membrane bioreactor is highly applicable for advanced water treatment under the recent situation of more stringent DBPs regulation in Korea.

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Study of a hybrid process: Adsorption on activated carbon/membrane bioreactor for the treatment of an industrial wastewater

Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification ◽

10.1016/j.cep.2007.01.021 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 303-307 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Nicolas Lesage ◽

Mathieu Sperandio ◽

Corinne Cabassud

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Industrial Wastewater ◽

Membrane Bioreactor ◽

Hybrid Process ◽

Carbon Membrane

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Treatment of landfill leachate - high tech or low tech? A case study

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2004.0860 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 48 (11-12) ◽

pp. 277-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

N. Schwarzenbeck ◽

K. Leonhard ◽

P.A. Wilderer

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Landfill Leachate ◽

Cold Weather ◽

High Tech ◽

Individual Treatment ◽

Leachate Treatment ◽

Treatment Unit ◽

Nitrite Production ◽

Degradation Rates

At the sanitary landfill of the city of Penzberg (Germany), two diverse approaches to leachate treatment were studied as parts of a three-stage treatment concept. The performance of a simple aerobic pond was compared to that of an advanced multistage treatment unit, the latter comprising a membrane biological reactor and a two-stage activated carbon filter. For 274 days of the year (75%) the pond was able to provide sufficient treatment even under cold weather conditions. For temperatures lower than 5°C, a higher biomass content and temporal storage of the raw leachate (e.g. increasing hydraulic retention time) could close the gap of insufficient treatment. In contrast, the advanced treatment system could only accomplish limited treatment capabilities due to insufficient maintenance, low loading conditions and deficient coordination between the individual treatment steps. As a result, degradation rates were low and operational problems frequent. Limits for Ntot were exceeded regularly (Ntot,e = 60–70 mg/L), throughput broke down and excessive nitrite production occurred (NO2-Ne = 10 mg/L) as a result of microbial activity inside the activated carbon filters. This case study clearly suggests aerobic ponds as an appropriate solution for the treatment of landfill leachate in areas where operational independence is essential.

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Landfill leachate treatment by means of anaerobic membrane bioreactor

Desalination ◽

10.1016/j.desal.2007.01.117 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 221 (1-3) ◽

pp. 559-565 ◽

Cited By ~ 86

Author(s):

Jolanta Bohdziewicz ◽

Ewa Neczaj ◽

Anna Kwarciak

Keyword(s):

Landfill Leachate ◽

Membrane Bioreactor ◽

Leachate Treatment ◽

Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor

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Treatment of landfill leachate by preozonation and adsorption in activated carbon columns

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1996.0171 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 34 (9) ◽

pp. 33-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J. Fettig ◽

H. Stapel ◽

C. Steinert ◽

M. Geiger

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Landfill Leachate ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Breakthrough Curves ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Practical Case ◽

Leachate Treatment ◽

Homogeneous Surface ◽

Adsorption Processes ◽

Cost Efficient

Landfill leachate pretreated in an aerobic biological stage was studied with respect to the adsorption behaviour of its organic components with and without preoxidation by different amounts of ozone. Isotherm data evaluated by adsorption analysis showed that the fractions of non-adsorbable and weakly adsorbable species had been increased after preoxidation. As a result, the carbon capacity in a fixed-bed adsorption process was expected to be significantly lower for preoxidized leachate. This conclusion was confirmed by data from column experiments. The breakthrough curves under operating conditions typical for leachate treatment could be predicted quite well by the homogeneous surface diffusion model when no preoxidation was applied. After preozonation about 40% of the remaining organic substances were biodegradable. Data evaluation revealed that biodegradation took place inside the activated carbon beds. Therefore the total removal of ozonated leachate in activated carbon columns will be higher than the removal due to adsorption processes. An economic analysis must show in any practical case whether a combination of preoxidation and adsorption will be more cost-efficient than either of the single processes. The modelling technique applied in this study can be a useful tool for that purpose.

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Integrated Electro-Fenton and Membrane Bioreactor System for Matured Landfill Leachate Treatment

Journal of Hazardous Toxic and Radioactive Waste ◽

10.1061/(asce)hz.2153-5515.0000556 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 04020058

Author(s):

Minimol Pieus Thanikkal ◽

Soloman Pooppana Antony

Keyword(s):

Landfill Leachate ◽

Membrane Bioreactor ◽

Leachate Treatment ◽

Bioreactor System

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Ammonia oxidation at low temperature in a high concentration powdered activated carbon membrane bioreactor

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2002.0060 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 169-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

G. Seo ◽

S. Takizawa ◽

S. Ohgaki

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Water Temperature ◽

Membrane Bioreactor ◽

Ammonia Oxidation ◽

Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽

Powdered Activated Carbon ◽

Carbon Membrane ◽

High Concentration ◽

Filtration Resistance ◽

Cake Layer

In this study, a membrane bioreactor (MBR) with high concentration of powdered activated carbon was investigated to enhance the oxidation of ammonia at a water temperature lower than 4°C. A semi-pilot scale submersed suction type MBR was operated with a hollow fiber membrane module having a nominal pore size of 0.1μm and an effective filtration area of 0.05 m2. A powder activated carbon (PAC) concentration of 40 g/L was maintained in the reactor and the PAC was not replaced during the experiment. A control reactor without PAC was also operated for comparison. Water temperature of both reactors was controlled at 25, 10, 4 and 2°C. At a water temperature of 4°C, the influent ammonia nitrogen of 10 mg/L was removed completely in the reactor with PAC. On the other hand, the effluent concentration of the control reactor was fluctuated in a range of 3-6 mg/L. In addition, nitrite nitrogen was detected in the control reactor up to a maximum concentration of 6 mg/L at the same temperature. Still high removal efficiency was obtained in the reactor with PAC even at 2°C, but almost no ammonia oxidation was observed in the control reactor. The average ammonia oxidation rate of the powdered activated carbon reactor was 1.3-3.2 mg/L.h, which is 4.5 times higher than that of the control (0.51-0.63 mg/L.h). Filtration resistance was 2.45 × 1012m-1 for the reactor with PAC, which is one order lower than that of the control reactor (1.64 × 1013m-1). The microbial cake layer on the membrane surface caused the larger filtration resistance for the control reactor. Only one chemical cleaning was conducted for the membrane in the PAC reactor at the flux of 0.4-0.7 m/d while 3 times cleaning was required for that of the control.

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