Pooled Ordinary Least- Square, Fixed Effects and Random Effects Modeling in a Panel Data Regression Analysis; A Consideration of International Commodity Price and Economic Growth Indicators in Thirty-five Sub- Saharan Africa Countries.

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yahaya M. Moussa ◽  
Ebrima K. Ceesay.
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Commodity Price ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Random Effects Modeling ◽  
Growth Indicators

Factors Influencing Capital Structure of Shariah-Compliant Malaysian Telecommunications and Media Companies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 582-591
Author(s):  
Mohd Faizal Basri Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Sales Growth ◽  
Pecking Order ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Media Companies ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Equity Ratio

This paper explores the firm-specific factors,which are assets tangibility, sales growth, profitability, and firm size in ascertaining the capital structure of Shariah-compliant telecommunications and media companies in Malaysia. Panel data regression model based on ordinary least square (OLS) method was employed in the research. The sample of research comprisesof nine Shariah-compliant companies listed in telecommunications and media sector in the Main Market and Ace Market ofBursa Malaysiafrom 2009to 2018, with a 90firms-years of total number of observations. The dependent variable selected was debt to equity ratio. Meanwhile, the independent variables chosen were assets tangibility, sales growth, profitability, and firm size. Thefindings revealed thatassets tangibilityhas a positive relationship, while profitability is negatively related to the dependent variable. Conversely, sales growth and firm size were insignificant to debt to equity ratio.The pecking order and trade-off theories of capital structure is very much applicable to the Shariah-compliant telecommunications and media in Malaysia sinceassets tangibility and profitability have significant relationship with leverage.

scholarly journals Economics & Religious Implications On Adult Literacy In Sub-Saharan Africa

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amon O. Okpala ◽  
Comfort O. Okpala
Keyword(s):  
Adult Literacy ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Although literacy rates have improved somehow in recent years, there are still large numbers of people that are illiterates in developing countries.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>This paper examines the impact of public education expenditures, the percentage of urban population and religious affiliation on adult literacy rate in Sub-Saharan Africa. In this study, a cross-sectional data of 34 Sub-Saharan African countries with adequate data information were analyzed. The results from the ANOVA and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression analysis are quite conclusive - that urban population, government expenditures on education and religious affiliations do have strong statistical impact on literacy.</span></span></p>

scholarly journals Determinants of Capital Structure: Evidence From Malaysian Food and Beverage Firms

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Mohd Faizal Basri ◽  
Fitri Shuhaida Shoib ◽  
Surianor Kamaralzaman
Keyword(s):  
Capital Structure ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Tangible Assets ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Asset Growth ◽  
Total Observation

This paper investigates the firm-specific elements, which are profitability, growth, tangible assets and liquidity in determining the capital structure of Food and Beverage (F&B) firms in Malaysia. The research employed panel data regression model based on ordinary least square (OLS) method. The sample of research consists of eight firms listed in the food producer segment in Bursa Malaysia for the period between 2013 and 2018, with a total observation of 48 firms-years. Debt to equity was chosen as dependent variable. On the other hand, profitability, asset growth, tangibility of assets, and liquidity were selected as independent variables. The findings showed that profitability and tangibility of assets are positively related to debt to equity. Meanwhile, growth of assets and liquidity were insignificant to the dependent variable. The trade-off theory of capital structure is very much applicable to the F&B firms in Malaysia due to the fact that profitability and tangibility of assets have significant relationship with debt.

Dampak Kebijakan Moneter Pada Output Di Negara-Negara ASEAN Tahun 1980-2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-70
Author(s):  
Nur Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
State Data ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
The Impact

The Impact of monetary Policy on Ouput is an ambiguous. The results of previous empirical studies indicate that the impact can be a positive or negative relationship. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of monetary policy on Output more detail. The variables to estimatate monetery poicy are used state and board interest rate andrate. This research is conducted by Ordinary Least Square or Instrumental Variabel, method for 5 countries ASEAN. The state data are estimated for the period of 1980 – 2014. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the impact of monetary policy on Output shown are varied.Keyword: Monetary Policy, Output, Panel Data, Fixed Effects Model

Using information from singletons in fixed-effects estimation: xtfesing

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 965-975
Author(s):  
Laura Magazzini ◽  
Randolph Luca Bruno ◽  
Marco Stampini
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Method Of Moments ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Method Of Moments Estimator ◽  
Fixed Effects Estimation

In this article, we describe the xtfesing command. The command implements a generalized method of moments estimator that allows exploiting singleton information in fixed-effects panel-data regression as in Bruno, Magazzini, and Stampini (2020, Economics Letters 186: Article 108519).

State Failure and Challenges to Democratization in Africa

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Fearon
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Commodity Price ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
International Pressure ◽  
Land Disputes ◽  
Oil Shock ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Public Revenues

When Things Fell Apart manages to be wonderfully concise but still compelling. The thing Robert Bates seeks to explain is the secular trend in sub-Saharan Africa toward civil war, although he often characterizes this in broader terms, as a trend toward “political conflict” or “political disorder.” He explains the trend as follows: Public revenues fell in the 1970s and 1980s as a result of commodity price declines, effects of the second oil shock, and bad economic policy choices that overtaxed farmers so that politicians could dispense patronage to smaller, politically more important urban constituencies. The decline in public revenues led elites to become more predatory, which caused an increase in political conflict by mobilizing opposition. Popular demands for political reform, along with increased international pressure for the same at the end of the Cold War, heightened elite insecurity and led to more predation. This had the effect of “provoking their citizens to take up arms” (p. 109). Further, state decline and national-level conflicts exacerbated simmering subnational conflicts, typically in the form of land disputes between locals and migrants from other tribes.

scholarly journals Foreign Direct Investment - Growth Linkage in Sub-Saharan Africa: Is Governance a Mediating Factor?

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-129
Author(s):  
Fisayo Fagbemi ◽  
Kehinde Mary Bello
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan

In sub – Saharan Africa, weak institutions and the rising concern for improved business environment offer considerable leverage for enhancing the effectiveness of institutional framework, capital inflows, and public investment efficiency. These have put SSA in the global spotlight in recent times. Hence, the study examines the mediating effect of governance on FDI – growth nexus in 35 SSA countries between 2002 and 2017 using panel data techniques (Pooled OLS, Fixed Effects, and Panel-Corrected Standard Error’ (PCSE) estimation) and the Dynamic One – Step Difference and System GMM. Results indicate that control of corruption, political stability and regulatory quality, including governance composite index, have a positive and significant effect on economic growth, suggesting that institutions have a salutary impact on SSA economies. The findings further show that FDI inflows adversely influence growth owing to insufficient absorptive capacity that could enhance FDI effectiveness in the region. More importantly, the pervasiveness of poor governance in SSA is identified as a critical case that undermines the development of the nexus between FDI and economic growth. Thus, the study suggests that FDI – growth linkage would be enhanced by promoting a strong institutional environment that offers a good mechanism for attaining the actual FDI spillover potential through a policy framework that points the path towards cost-effective measures in SSA. Also, there should be core investment policies across African countries that would induce the private sector in consolidating government efforts and resources aimed at improving international competitiveness by diversifying the region’s economies away from a protracted commodity – based.

scholarly journals Islamic Bank Financing and Its Effects on Economic Growth: A Cross Province Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Anif Afandi ◽  
Muhammad Amin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Islamic Bank ◽  
Bank Financing ◽  
Panel Data Regression ◽  
Data Regression ◽  
Almost All

Islamic banking industry shows a reasonably good development, one of which is marked by an increase in service coverage in almost all provinces in Indonesia. However, the question is how far Islamic banking capable of contributing to the improvement of Indonesia's economic growth? The purpose of this research is to examine the role of Islamic banking in promoting inclusive economic growth with a sample of 33 provinces in Indonesia. The method used in this research is panel data regression using the fixed effects model. The results show that Islamic bank financing does not have an impact on Indonesia's economic growth. In other words, the results of the research provide information that the existence of Islamic banking in Indonesia has not yet give a significant impact on the welfare of Indonesian society

scholarly journals BARRIERS OF SMES’ SUSTAINABILITY IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: A PLS-SEM APPROACH

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-24
Author(s):  
John Amoah ◽  
Abdul Bashiru Jibril ◽  
Bayuasi Nammei Luki ◽  
Michael Amponsah Odei ◽  
Charles Yawson
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Business Owners ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Global Business ◽  
Sub Saharan

Undoubtedly, entrepreneurial knowledge is a prerequisite for the survival of every business organization. To this, the contribution of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the socio-economic development in most developing economies cannot be underestimated. Both developed and developing countries are living testimonies of their contributions to their nation’s growth and development. However, extant literature shows that as competition and innovation intensify in the global business market, many SMEs in developing countries are constrained by external forces that hinder the sustainability of these businesses.   Hence, this paper aims to find out the mitigating factors warranting SMEs’ sustainability from the viewpoint of entrepreneurs and business owners, particularly in the manufacturing sector of Ghana, a Sub-Saharan Africa region. To achieved this objective, the study deployed a simple random sampling technique with 370 valid responses through a structured questionnaire for the analysis. Relying on PLS-SEM (partial least square and structural modeling) with the aid of ADANCO 2.2.1 software version revealed that factors such as financial challenges, technology; market penetration & acceptability; and research & development are barriers facing SMEs sustainability in the Ghanaian manufacturing sector. This study would be beneficial to entrepreneurs and business owners of SMEs in most developing countries and provide deeper insight into the SME literature at large. This study would further strengthen SME entrepreneurs and business owners to fully devise strategies that can help them to override such migrating challenges and equipped them to effectively stay competitive in the long term for the firm’s growth and survival. The limitation and future research directions are equally presented in the paper.

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