scholarly journals Effects of [Cu(2-MeSNic)2(MeNia)2(H2O)2]·H2O and [Cu(2-MeSNic)2(H2O)]2 on Candida albicans

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Barbora Kaliňáková ◽  
Daniela Hudecová ◽  
Peter Segľa ◽  
Martina Palicová ◽  
Jozef Švorec
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Copper Complexes ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Hoechst 33342

Abstract Probable mode of action of new copper complexes of 2-methylthionicotinate (2-MeSNic) of composition [Cu(2-MeSNic)2(H2O)2] and [Cu(2-MeSNic)2(MeNia)2(H2O)2]·H2O (where MeNia is N-methylnicotinamide) is described. Both partial growth inhibition of Candida albicans (IC50 ≥ 1.78 mmol·L−1, MIC ≥ 2.5 mmol·L−1) and leak of proteins into the extracellular space (more than 80 %) were observed in the presence of these copper complexes. The membrane damage was detected by staining with Hoechst 33342, propidium iodide and methylene blue. Ascorbic acid potentiated antifungal activity of copper complexes approximately seven-fold and induced the oxidative stress, respectively. The production of intracellular reactive oxygen species was visualized by dichlorofluorescein. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances were formed as a by-product of lipid peroxidation.

scholarly journals Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) attenuates oxidative stress induction in erythrocytes of sickle cell disease patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 659-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Emmer Ferreira Furman ◽  
Railson Henneberg ◽  
Priscila Bacarin Hermann ◽  
Maria Suely Soares Leonart ◽  
Aguinaldo José do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Egb 761 ◽  
Cell Disease

Sickle cell disease promotes hemolytic anemia and occlusion of small blood vessels due to the presence of high concentrations of hemoglobin S, resulting in increased production of reactive oxygen species and decreased antioxidant defense capacity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective action of a standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761), selected due to its high content of flavonoids and terpenoids, in erythrocytes of patients with sickle cell anemia (HbSS, SS erythrocytes) subjected to oxidative stress using tert-butylhydroperoxide or 2,2-azobis-(amidinepropane)-dihydrochloride, in vitro. Hemolysis indexes, reduced glutathione, methemoglobin concentrations, lipid peroxidation, and intracellular reactive oxygen species were determined. SS erythrocytes displayed increased rates of oxidation of hemoglobin and membrane lipid peroxidation compared to normal erythrocytes (HbAA, AA erythrocytes), and the concentration of EGb 761 necessary to achieve the same antioxidant effect in SS erythrocytes was at least two times higher than in normal ones, inhibiting the formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (IC50 of 13.6 µg/mL), partially preventing lipid peroxidation (IC50 of 242.5 µg/mL) and preventing hemolysis (IC50 of 10.5 µg/mL). Thus, EGb 761 has a beneficial effect on the oxidative status of SS erythrocytes. Moreover, EGb 761 failed to prevent oxidation of hemoglobin and reduced glutathione at the concentrations examined.

scholarly journals Potentiation of Antibiofilm Activity of Amphotericin B by Superoxide Dismutase Inhibition

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrijn De Brucker ◽  
Anna Bink ◽  
Els Meert ◽  
Bruno P. A. Cammue ◽  
Karin Thevissen
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Superoxide Dismutases ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Ammonium Tetrathiomolybdate

This study demonstrates a role for superoxide dismutases (Sods) in governing tolerance ofCandida albicansbiofilms to amphotericin B (AmB). Coincubation ofC. albicansbiofilms with AmB and the Sod inhibitors N,N′-diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) or ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (ATM) resulted in reduced viable biofilm cells and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species levels as compared to incubation of biofilm cells with AmB, DDC, or ATM alone. Hence, Sod inhibitors can be used to potentiate the activity of AmB againstC. albicansbiofilms.

Mild Therapeutic Hypothermia for Postischemic Vasoconstriction in the Perfused Rat Liver 

1999 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 1103-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harvey A. Zar ◽  
Koichi Tanigawa ◽  
Young-Myeong Kim ◽  
Jack R. Lancaster
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Reactive Species ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
No Reflow

Background Mild hypothermia, a promising therapy being evaluated for various clinical situations, may suppress the formation of reactive oxygen species during reperfusion and may ameliorate microcirculatory perfusion failure (the "no-reflow phenomenon"). Methods Isolated rat livers underwent 30 min of perfusion, 2.5 h of ischemia, and 3 h of reperfusion. The temperature was maintained at 34 degrees C (mild hypothermia, n = 5) or 38 degrees C (normothermia, n = 6) for all three periods by perfusion of a modified Krebs Henseleit solution, air surface cooling, or both. A third group of livers was normothermic before and during ischemia and mildly hypothermic during reperfusion (reperfusion hypothermia, n = 6). Control livers had 3 h of perfusion at normothermia. Chemiluminescence (a measure of the generation of reactive oxygen species) and hepatic vascular resistance were monitored simultaneously to evaluate the effect of temperature on the formation of reactive oxygen species and the development of no reflow. Also measured were thiobarbituric acid reactive species and lactate dehydrogenase, as indicators of oxidative stress and cell injury. Results Mild hypothermia decreased formation of reactive oxygen species and postischemic increases in vascular resistance. Reperfusion hypothermia also decreased postischemic increases in vascular resistance, but not as effectively as did mild hypothermia. Levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive species were lower for reperfusion hypothermia than for mild hypothermia at only 0 and 30 min of reperfusion. Lactate dehydrogenase was significant only at 0 min of reperfusion for the normothermic group. Oxygen consumption did not change. Conclusion The prevention of hepatic vascular injury by suppression of oxidative stress may be an important protective mechanism of mild hypothermia.

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDATIVE DEFENSE RESPONSE TO APHID-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. “Nam Dan”

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Ngoc Toan ◽  
Tran Thi Van Thanh Huyen ◽  
Mai Van Chung
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Aphid Feeding

Infestation of cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch) induced oxidative stress in leaves of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. “Nam Dan”) with a burst in generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) products such as superoxide anion radical (O2.-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) recorded around 24 hours after aphid feeding. An increase in content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in lipid peroxidation and a defined percentage of injury in aphid-infested leaves were resulted from the cellular oxidative damage. The enhanced activity of the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1) and catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6) in leaves of soybean “Nam Dan” functions as the antioxidative response that controlled both ROS-generation to be enough levels to play as defensive element and ROS-detoxifying to reduce aphid-induced oxidative damage. The enhancement of SOD and CAT also can improve the tolerance of soybean “Nam Dan” to impact from A. craccivora.

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