The oldest rocks of the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland – biostratigraphy of the Cambrian Czarna Shale Formation in the vicinity of Kotuszów

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Szczepanik ◽  
Anna Żylińska
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Holy Cross Mountains ◽  
Assemblage Zone ◽  
Shale Formation ◽  
Stratigraphic Interval ◽  
Cambrian System

AbstractThree lower Cambrian acritarch assemblages recognized in four outcrops in the vicinity of Kotuszów in the southernmost part of the Palaeozoic inlier of the Holy Cross Mountains span a stratigraphic interval from the uppermost part of the Asteridium tornatum-Comasphaeridium velvetum Assemblage Zone to the Skiagia ornata- Fimbriaglomerella membranacea Assemblage Zone (most probably its lower part). According to current views (Moczydłowska and Yin 2012), this interval corresponds to the upper part of the Fortunian and to Stage 2 of the Terreneuvian Series. The strata yielding the oldest assemblage are thus the oldest precisely documented rocks in the Palaeozoic succession of the Holy Cross Mountains, and the oldest Cambrian rocks exposed on the surface in Poland. The current biostratigraphic scheme for the pre-trilobitic part of the Cambrian System in the Holy Cross Mountains should be modified so that it is based on local acritarch interval subzones.

scholarly journals The Souss lagerstätte of the Anti-Atlas, Morocco: discovery of the first Cambrian fossil lagerstätte from Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerd Geyer ◽  
Ed Landing
Keyword(s):  
South China ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Northern Slope ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Upper Cambrian ◽  
Exceptional Preservation ◽  
West Gondwana ◽  
Regional Correlation ◽  
Animal Remains ◽  
Stratigraphic Interval

AbstractEpisodic low oxygenated conditions on the sea-floor are likely responsible for exceptional preservation of animal remains in the upper Amouslek Formation (lower Cambrian, Stage 3) on the northern slope of the western Anti-Atlas, Morocco. This stratigraphic interval has yielded trilobite, brachiopod, and hyolith fossils with preserved soft parts, including some of the oldest known trilobite guts. The “Souss fossil lagerstätte” (newly proposed designation) represents the first Cambrian fossil lagerstätte in Cambrian strata known from Africa and is one of the oldest trilobite-bearing fossil lagerstätten on Earth. Inter-regional correlation of the Souss fossil lagerstätte in West Gondwana suggests its development during an interval of high eustatic levels recorded by dark shales that occur in informal upper Cambrian Series 2 in Siberia, South China, and East Gondwana.

Phytoplankton from the Lower Cambrian Læså formation on Bornholm, Denmark: biostratigraphy and palaeoenvironmental constraints

1992 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Moczydłowska ◽  
Gonzalo Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Radioactive Decay ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Event Correlation ◽  
East European ◽  
Depositional Settings ◽  
Assemblage Zone ◽  
Early Palaeozoic ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Bodies Of Water

AbstractAcritarchs from the Lower Cambrian Læsså formation on Bornholm, Denmark, are taxonomically diverse. Their state of preservation, including thermal, mechanical and chemical alteration, is discussed. Different states of thermal maturation of acritarchs in shales and phosphorites of the Broens Odde member could be explained in terms of possible irradiation from natural radioactive decay. The microfossils form two age-diagnostic assemblages that allow recognition of the Skiagia ornata–Fimbriaglomerella membranacea and Heliosphaeridium dissimilare–Skiagia ciliosa Assemblage Zones within the Broens Odde member of the Laeså formation. Acritarch-based biostratigraphy indicates that the Lower Cambrian Balka Formation and Læså formation correspond to the Schmidliellus mickwitzi Zone and Holmia kjerulfi Assemblage Zone recognized in Baltoscandia and the East European Platform. Acritarch distribution within three different depositional settings indicates that comparable spectra of morphotypes occurred in different depositional environments. This suggests the absence of facies control. During early Cambrian times palaeoenvironmental barriers in shallow, epicontinental shelf basins constituted a minor obstacle for widespread distribution of acritarch taxa. Formerly proposed early Palaeozoic acritarch provincialism appears insufficiently documented in the fossil record and no evidence could be extracted from the Cambrian record. Following a rapid radiation at the onset of the Phanerozoic, Cambrian phytoplankton populations underwent dispersion following oxygenic and nutrient-rich bodies of water within epicontinental and presumably basinal environments. Lower Cambrian acritarch taxa were largely cosmopolitan and little affected by lithofacies associations. A continuous flow of data is contributing to the emergence of acritarch-based biostratigraphy. Its apparent consistency suggests great usefulness for interregional and detailed event correlation.

scholarly journals Cambrian–Silurian stratigraphy of Børglum Elv, Peary Land, eastern North Greenland

1977 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 1-48
Author(s):  
R.L Christie ◽  
J.S Peel
Keyword(s):  
Black Shale ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Late Ordovician ◽  
Dolomitic Limestone ◽  
Carbonate Mounds ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
Clastic Rocks ◽  
Shale Formation ◽  
Lower Palaeozoic ◽  
North Greenland

A sequence of Lower Palaeozoic carbonate and clastic rocks is described from Børglum Elv, Peary Land, eastem North Greenland, and briefly compared to Lower Palaeozoic sections elsewhere in Greenland and in Spitsbergen. Lower Cambrian clastic rocks of the Buen Formation are followed by dolomite of the Lower Cambrian Brønlund Fjord Formation (125 m). Succeeding dolomite and dolomitic limestone of the Wandel Valley Formation (320 m) of Early to Middle Ordovician age are overlain by limestone of the Børglum River Formation (430 m) of Middle to Late Ordovician age. Un-narned Early Silurian dolomite and limestone formations (150 m and 320 m respectively) are followed by an un.narned Middle Silurian black shale formation (c. 100 m) and at least 800 m of a late Middle Silurian and younger un-named flysch formation. Carbonate mounds, originating in the highest beds of the un-named Silurian limestone formation, occupy stratigraphic levels through the overlying black shale formation and into the flysch formation.

Biostratigraphy of the Massospondylus Assemblage Zone (Stormberg Group, Karoo Supergroup), South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Viglietti ◽  
B.W. McPhee ◽  
E.M. Bordy ◽  
L. Sciscio ◽  
P.M. Barrett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Faunal Turnover ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Karoo Basin ◽  
Maximum Thickness ◽  
Extinction Event ◽  
Assemblage Zone ◽  
Main Index ◽  
Stratigraphic Interval

Abstract The Massospondylus Assemblage Zone is the youngest tetrapod biozone in the Karoo Basin (upper Stormberg Group, Karoo Supergroup) and records one of the oldest dinosaur dominated ecosystems in southern Gondwana. Recent qualitative and quantitative investigations into the biostratigraphy of the lower and upper Elliot formations (lEF, uEF) and Clarens Formation in the main Karoo Basin resulted in the first biostratigraphic review of this stratigraphic interval in nearly four decades, allowing us to introduce a new biostratigraphic scheme, the Massospondylus Assemblage Zone (MAZ). The MAZ expands upon the Massospondylus Range Zone by including the crocodylomorph Protosuchus haughtoni and the ornithischian Lesothosaurus diagnosticus as two co-occurring index taxa alongside the main index taxon, the sauropodomorph Massospondylus carinatus. With a maximum thickness of ~320 m in the southeastern portion of the basin, our new biozone is contained within the uEF and Clarens formations (upper Stormberg Group), however, based on vertebrate ichnofossils evidence, it may potentially extend into the sedimentary units of the lowermost Drakensberg Group. We do not propose any further subdivisions, and do not consider the Tritylodon Acme Zone (TAZ) as a temporal biostratigraphic marker within the MAZ. The MAZ is currently accepted to range in age between the Hettangian and Pliensbachian, however a faunal turnover, which observes an increase in the diversity of dinosaur clades, crocodylomorph, and mammaliaform taxa in the lower uEF, could reflect effects of the end-Triassic extinction event (ETE).

The first occurrence of the earliest species of Acadoparadoxides outside West Gondwana (Cambrian; Holy Cross Mountains, Poland)

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (06) ◽  
pp. 1027-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAKUB NOWICKI ◽  
ANNA ŻYLIŃSKA
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Middle Cambrian ◽  
West Gondwana ◽  
Holy Cross Mountains ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
Assemblage Zone ◽  
Małopolska Block

AbstractTwo hundred and eighty specimens of paradoxidids from two localities in the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland) have been reanalysed using morphometric techniques. Revision of the dataset provided evidence for the presence of two endemic taxa: Acadoparadoxides kozlowskii (Orłowski, 1959) and Acadoparadoxides samsonowiczi (Orłowski, 1959), both belonging to the earliest group of Acadoparadoxides, initially considered to be present only in Gondwanan successions. Thus, this is the first description of the members of this group outside West Gondwana. The taxonomic revision, and the presence of representatives of the earliest acadoparadoxidines coupled with the absence of taxa typical of Scandinavia that were previously described from this locality have resulted in the modification of the biostratigraphic scheme hitherto used in the Holy Cross Mountains. The newly established A. samsonowiczi – A. kozlowskii Assemblage Zone is correlated with the Morocconus notabilis Zone of Morocco, and thus represents the Cambrian Series 2 and 3 boundary interval. Links with West Gondwana challenge the existing palaeogeographic interpretations for the southern part of the Holy Cross Mountains and point to an urgent need to revise the position of the Małopolska Block during the middle Cambrian.

A new lower Cambrian eodiscoid trilobite fauna from Swedish Lapland and its implications for intercontinental correlation

2007 ◽  
Vol 144 (6) ◽  
pp. 953-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
NIKLAS AXHEIMER ◽  
PER AHLBERG ◽  
PETER CEDERSTRÖM
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Northern Sweden ◽  
Generic Composition ◽  
Assemblage Zone

AbstractA lower Cambrian eodiscoid trilobite fauna and an associated holmiid trilobite,Holmiasp., are described from a bioclastic limestone at the top of the Torneträsk Formation in the Luobákti section, south of Lake Torneträsk, northern Sweden. Other associated polymerid trilobites includeOrodes?lapponicaandStrenuaeva inflata. The precise age of the trilobite fauna cannot be determined, but its generic composition and stratigraphical position at the top of the lower Cambrian suggest that it was recovered from theOrnamentaspis?linnarssoniAssemblage Zone. Two species of eodiscoids are present:Neocobboldiaaff.dentataandChelediscus acifer. The latter species is known previously from England and southeastern Newfoundland, and provides a novel link between upper lower Cambrian successions in Baltica and Avalonia.

I.—On Olenellus Callavei and its Geological Relationships

1891 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 529-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Lapworth
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Geological Record ◽  
Basal Zone ◽  
Made In ◽  
Cambrian System ◽  
Geological Magazine

In the year 1888 I published a short paper in the pages of the Geological Magazine and in “Nature,” in which I gave a brief account of the discovery of the fauna of the Olenellus (or Lower Cambrian) zone in the Comley or Hollybush Sandstone of Shropshire. Since that date great advances have been made in our knowledge of the Olenellus fauna of other areas, and the Olenellus zone has now generally attained an established rank and systematic position in the Geological Record as the basal zone of the Cambrian system.

Biochronology of the autochthonous Lower Cambrian in the Laisvall–Storuman area, Swedish Caledonides

2001 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. MOCZYDŁOWSKA ◽  
S. JENSEN ◽  
J. O. R. EBBESTAD ◽  
G. E. BUDD ◽  
M. MARTÍ-MUS
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
New Records ◽  
Northern Sweden ◽  
Thrust Front ◽  
Scandinavian Caledonides ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cambrian System

New records of phytoplankton (acritarchs), ichnofossils and olenellid trilobites have been studied from the autochthonous upper Neoproterozoic–Lower Cambrian successions along the Caledonian Thrust Front in the Laisvall–Storuman region of northern Sweden. The fossils are from a newly examined natural outcrop at Bergmyrhobben near Lake Storuman, and from previously described fossiliferous outcrops at Delliknäs and Mt. Assjatj, the Laisvall mine and the Maiva borehole successions in the Laisvall area. Acritarch assemblages are recorded throughout the Grammajukku Formation. They are age-diagnostic for the Skiagia–Fimbriaglomerella acritarch Zone, time-equivalent to the Schmidtiellus mickwitzi trilobite Zone (the lower part of the formation), and the Heliosphaeridium–Skiagia acritarch Zone corresponding to the Holmia kjerulfi trilobite Zone (the upper part of the formation). The acritarch record from the Storuman area documents the presence of strata contemporaneous to the Schmidtiellus mickwitzi Zone for the first time in the Scandinavian Caledonides. This zone was previously only recognized in the platform regions of the Baltica palaeocontinent. The ichnofossils from the upper Såvvovare Formation, including ?Harlaniella, Phycodes, Gyrolithes and Palaeophycus ichnogenera, allowed the base of the Cambrian System to be determined within the Maiva Member and the coeval Kautsky Ore Member in the subsurface successions, and to attribute this part of the formation to the Lower Cambrian Platysolenites antiquissimus faunal Zone of Baltica. The trilobite fauna from the Storuman area, attributed tentatively to Holmia sp., occurs at the lowermost stratigraphic level among olenellids in the Caledonides. The range of this species, estimated from the concurrent acritarch biostratigraphy, is within the Schmidtiellus mickwitzi Zone. The stratigraphic significance of the acritarch assemblages and ichnofossils is analysed and the biochronology of the Grammajukku Formation and the upper Såvvovare Formation is discussed in detail in the context of Lower Cambrian zonation in Baltica.

A Study of Inorganic Pore Characteristic in Lower Cambrian Niutitang Shale in Qiannan Depression

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 2178-2183
Author(s):  
Hong Xiao ◽  
Shuang Fang Lu ◽  
Fang Wen Chen ◽  
Jian Qing Li
Keyword(s):  
Shale Gas ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Authentic Assessment ◽  
Micro Channel ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Assessment Study ◽  
Gas Occurrence ◽  
Porosity And Permeability ◽  
Shale Formation ◽  
Shale Reservoir

Compared with conventional reservoir, shale reservoir has distinctive characteristics such as ultra-low porosity and permeability, rich in organic matter and special ways of shale gas occurrence. These make remarkable differences between the evaluation of shale reservoir and conventional reservoir. To make an authentic assessment study on inorganic pore in shale, this article evaluated the inorganic pore of Niutitang shale in Qiannan depression with the helping of SEM, thin section and so on. Results of the study suggested that in Niutitang shale formation there mainly developed three kinds of inorganic pores, including floc interparticle pore, micro-channel and micro-fracture. Besides, all the inorganic pore diameters there were less than 5μm, most distributed in 0.25μm-1.0μm and its inorganic porosity values range from 1.71% to 3.86%, the average value was 2.67%.

GEOTOURIST ATTRACTIONS IN THE SOUTH-EASTERN PART OF THE HOLLY CROSS MOUNTAINS

2016 ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Edyta SERMET ◽  
Angelika Musiał ◽  
Justyna Auguścik
Keyword(s):  
Middle Devonian ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Holy Cross Mountains ◽  
Geological Diversity

The paper presents selected targets from the south-eastern part of the Holy Cross Mountains, in the Opatów and Staszów area, which could be geotourist attractions. These are the deposits of Middle Devonian limestones and dolomites, Lower Cambrian quartz sandstones, Miocene detrital limestones from the Smerdyna area, as well as the Krzyżtopór Castle in Ujazd. The paper shows the geological diversity and a high geotourist potential of the discussed area.

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